• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.6484-6491
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• 2014

The human's basic desire for aesthetics, which has existed along with human history, has been more individualized and diversified according to the progress of modern economic social change. In the case of men, who have a relatively higher connection and experience of mass media compared to women, there is a characteristic to apply and utilize information acquisition and share appearance management quickly on the media. This paper classified and arranged the image and characteristics of the modern male image analyzed the relationship between men's appearance management and information exploration. In addition, exploration relation per information medium was considered by dividing the men's appearance management behavior and characteristics into make-up, hair management, skin care, hands and feet care, and plastic surgery. This appears to be useful for the industrial group, e.g. beauty treatment, cosmetics, hospital, etc. as advertisement marketing information.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.164-178
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to verify effects of female college students' self-image on appearance management behavior and investigate the differences caused by TV involvement and entertainer imitation on the appearance managing behavior. Respondents of the survey were 424 college females living in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. For statistical analysis, factor analysis and multiple regression were conducted using SPSS 18.0 program. The results of this study are as follows: First, self-image among college females were composed of 5 factors, which were active image, feminine image, intelligent image, gentle image and modern image. Second, college females' self-image influenced on skin management behavior, hair management behavior, make-up behavior, clothing behavior and weight management behavior significantly. Specifically, as respondents' active image and modern image are getting higher, they tend to perform skin management behavior, hair management behavior and clothing behavior. As female students' intellectual image and modern image were getting higher, more positive effects were found on make-up behavior. As female students' gentle image and active image were getting higher, there was more positive effects on weight management behavior. But, female students' self-image didn't show significant effects on cosmetic surgery behavior. Third, when subjects' TV involvement was high, self-image made greater effect on skin management behavior and cosmetic surgery behavior than those with low TV involvement. Forth, when entertainer imitation was high, self-image made greater effects on skin management behavior, hair management behavior, clothing behavior, make-up behavior, weight management behavior, cosmetic surgery behavior than those with low entertainer management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.10
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• pp.1742-1753
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• 2010

This study clarifies the importance, advantages, and constituents of the professional image by appearance management in the workplace. In-depth interviews were conducted with 8 participants who have over 8 years experience in their respective fields. The transcripts of the interview were classified according to a card classification method. The results of the study were as follows: First, the professional image by appearance management is important, because there is a special treatment by image in interaction on business. Second, the advantages of the professional image were to achieve a career opportunity, improve interpersonal relationships, obtain special treatment or protection from a biased angle, and increase business reliability. Third, the constituents of the professional image were conscientiousness and self-management skills, assertive and open attitudes, leadership, interpersonal skills, customer-satisfaction spirit, expert knowledge and skills, and confidence in the business results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.99-109
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of appearance management behavior and body exposure attitude according to sex role identity. The method of this study was a survey research method by questionnaire. The subjects were 632 college students (male: 302, female: 330) living in Seoul area. The data were analyzed by SPSS program. Analysis methods used were frequency, factor analysis, Cronbach's $\alpha$-reliability coefficient, one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The subjects were divided into 4 types of sex role identity: androgynous, masculine, feminine, and undifferentiated type. The female androgynous group had skin care the most, while the male androgynous type had clothing management and weight control the most among the 4 types. Both male and female androgynous groups had hairstyle care the most. Both the male and female masculine groups wore chest exposing clothes the most, while the female masculine type wore shoulder exposing and leg exposing clothes the most. The female androgynous group showed the highest appearance management expenses.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.704-712
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• 2013

Contemporary young men are consumption-oriented, pursue ideal male images displayed in commercials, and are highly interested in fashion, beauty, and appearance. This metrosexual tendency(which values appearance) is largely influenced by mass media. This study examines how men's media information utilization influences appearance awareness and metrosexual tendency as well as how these two variables influence cosmetics consumption and fashion product consumption behavior. The results are as follows. First, metrosexual tendency consists of four dimensions: fashion involvement, pursuit of individuality beyond sexuality, cognition of fashion taste, and preference of a high quality product. The sum of variance is 65.594%. Second, media information utilization influenced metrosexual tendency and metrosexual tendency influence cosmetic consumption, brand-sensitive consumption and commercial-sensitive consumption; however, it did not affect price-sensitive consumption. Third, media information utilization affected appearance awareness; however, appearance awareness did not affect metrosexual tendency. In conclusion, appearance management behavior for men in their 20s is clearly affected by media. This phenomenon is caused by the metrosexual desire to express identity through fashion. Men in their 20's do not take care of their looks because of the social perception of appearance (as related to showing off their competence or pursuit of social success); rather, they have a desire to express their individuality and personally enjoy grooming and maintaining their appearance. Therefore, we can expect increased beauty and fashion expenditures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.884-896
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• 2018

This study investigates coping strategies of overweight or underweight males in Korea. For this purpose, the authors identify types of stress related to weight management. A qualitative method was utilized to collect the data related to successful weight management experiences of males aged 20-37 years. Data were analyzed based on a motivation theory of coping, which suggests coping strategy elements. The results of this study identified the stress related to weight: dissatisfaction with appearance, others' disapproval of appearance, health problems, weaker athletic ability, negative self-perception, passiveness about appearance, lower romantic attractiveness, others' disapproval of lower romantic attractiveness, weakened task execution capability, and negative stereo-types about task execution capability. In addition, six coping strategies were suggested: improved appearance, improved physical function, improved positive self-perception, more choices to improve appearance, enhanced romantic relationship, and enhanced job performance. This study shows that weight problems in modern society are diverse and complex. Therefore a man who has abnormal weight needs to clarify his stress first and then proposes strategies that are appropriate for each type of stress.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.123-133
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to find out how female immigrants are interested in beauty and how fashion affects their fashion management behavior. First, the correlation between interest in beauty and fashion behaviors showed that every factor has a positive relationship with each other. Self-interest, which is one of the two sub-factors of interest in beauty, showed a particularly strong correlation with interest in orientation towards fashion. Interest in appearance education, which is one of the two sub-factors of interest in fashion, showed a strong relationship with interest in orientation towards fashion, proving that the more one is interested in appearance-related education, the more she follows fashion trends. This suggests that caring for appearance and fashion trends have a strong relationship. Second, looking into the effect of interest in beauty and fashion on fashion behaviors, it turned out that only personal interest, out of the two sub-factors of interest in beauty, affected pursuit of fashion sense, out of the two sub-factors of fashion behaviors; interest in appearance education rather than interest in orientation towards fashion affected pursuit of fashion sense; interest in orientation towards fashion affected caring for one's appearance.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.124-139
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• 2013

Teenage girls under the influence of the physical changes due to the rapid physical development and appearance are interested. 200 parts were used for the statistical analysis of this research against the common excitation high school student positioned in Seoul. First, there was lots of the girl student managing the appearance due to the psychological satisfaction. And the girl student without the friend of the opposite sex managed the appearance at the psychological satisfaction. Because to be more important, thing including the studying, and etc. was the priority the girl student who doesn't the appearance management did not do the appearance management. Second, the factor found out over one month allowance 50,000 circle to be the very important factor through the beauty action high of the high beauty product concern degree and girl student action of the beauty product concern degree and girl student where there is the friend of the opposite sex. Third, the more the concern degree about the beauty product was high as the concern degree about the beauty was high, the girl student in high school could know that beauty action was high as the concern degree about the multi function beauty product was high.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.328-349
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• 2024

In the last decade, Korean culture has progressively facilitated the assimilation of appearance-related norms established by modern Korean society among young generations in Vietnam. Of note, Vietnamese consumers residing in Korea, under the influence of diverse sociocultural factors, are aligning themselves with an ideal standard of Korean beauty through cultural adaptation. This study explores how Vietnamese students internalize Korean beauty standards and the resultant negative behavioral reactions. We investigated the effects of sociocultural pressures (media, in-group, and out-group pressure) on risky appearance management and irrational purchase behavior by mediating sociocultural internalization toward appearance. We tested how the mechanism underlying these variables differs based on how long one has resided in Korea. A total of 213 female participants were surveyed online. The research model was tested using structural equation modeling through AMOS 22.0. The findings show that media and out-group pressure significantly increased sociocultural internalization, which led to consumer behavior in the form of risky appearance management and irrational purchases. The influence of internalization on consumption behavior was stronger for short-term residents of Korea. This study contributes to the literature on acculturation by investigating how foreign consumers accept the host country's ideal beauty standards.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.527-532
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• 2010

Product developers nowadays must consider not only the technological satisfaction of consumers but their affective needs as well. These affective needs are greatly affected by the appearance and performance functions of the product, which are simply called in this study appearance-based affection and performance-based affection. This study examined these two affective factors that must be considered while designing mobile phones. Extracted relationship between the two factors was processed in five steps. The first step includes gathering potential affective expressions that are needed to evaluate the levels of consumer's affection for mobile phone design in the pool of adjectives. In the second step, a simple frequency analysis was done from a consumer survey to extract frequently used affective expression. The third step was to extract primary tasks for mobile phones and to perform an experiment or a survey for the evaluation of mobile phones using those tasks. Representative affective factors were then extracted in the fourth step based on factor analysis. Finally, using ANOVA, the extracted representative affective factors were prioritized to draw a relationship between appearance-based affection and performance-based affection. The result of this study suggests each of appearance-based affections and performance-based affections that should be considered in designing mobile phones.