• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2017

Aralia continentalis Kitagawa (Araliaceae), known as "Dokwhal" in Korea, has been widely used in traditional Korean medicine for analgesia, neuralgia, sweating, and rheumatism. The biological activity was estimated with methanol extracts of from cultivated roots and adventitious roots of A. continentalis. DPPH and ABTS activities showed the highest activity in methanol extract of adventitious roots at 175.6 and $279.7{\mu}g/mL$ ($RC_{50}$), respectively. Antioxidant activity of methanol extract of the adventitious roots was higher than other samples. In the antibacterial activity assay (paper disc method), the methanol extract of adventitious roots showed activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, B. subtilis, and S. enterica. This study demonstrated that adventitious roots of A. continentalis, which was produced for the first time in the roots of A. continentalis, can be used as a natural antioxidant and antibacterial agents.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.36-39
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• 1992

In a continuous study for the developing of the anticariogenic agents, 3,3'-diacyl-4,4'-biphenol derivatives (Fig. 2, 2 and 3) and 3,3'-bis-(1-hydroxyalkyl)-4,4'-biphenol (Fig. 3, 4 and 5) derivatives are synthesized successively from 4,4'-diphenol (Fig. 2, 1). The synthesized compounds are tested for their antibacterial activity against a cariogenic bacterium, Streptococcus mutans OMZ 176. The acyl derivatives, 2 and 3, do not show antibacterial activity, but the hydroxyalkyl derivatives, 4 and 5, reduced from the acyl group of 2 and 3, show the activity. The antibacterial activity of 2 and 3 may be inhibited due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the acyl group and the hydroxyl one (Fig. 4).

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.353-356
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• 2005

This study was performed to examine the antibacterial efecacy of topical agent extracted from Phellodendri cortex, Forsythia fructus and Glycyrrhizae radix as an alternative dermatological agent. Also, the most efficacious concentration of this agent and the skin-contact time inhibiting the vegetation of bacterial cells in various dilutions were determined. Five strains of Staphylococcus intermedius were exposed to various dilutions of this agent. The efficacy was assessed after exposure for time periods varying between 0 and 30 min. The antibacterial efficacy was shown to be the strongest at dilution of 1: 2. The number of viable organisms decreased significantly after 8 minutes of exposure time and was the smallest after 30 minutes of exposure time. This alternative dermatological agent is considered to be effective against Staphylococcus intermedius and has a potential to be a new topical agents far the treatment of pyoderma in dogs.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.551-556
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• 2014

The treatment of alkylated nitro derivatives of indazole with 2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetonitrile under basic conditions gave the new 8-chloro-3-alkyl-3H-pyrazolo[4,3-a]acridine-11-carbonitriles via the nucleophilic substitution of hydrogen which proceeds at room temperature with concomitant cyclisation in fairly good yields. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR and mass spectral data. Fluorescence experimental results of all newly synthesized compounds revealed remarkable photoluminescence properties and strong green fluorescence properties. Also, the new compounds exhibited potent antibacterial activity and their antibacterial activity (MIC) against Gram positive (Staphylococcuse aureus methicillin resistant S. aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and negative bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) species were determined.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.815-822
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• 2016

The cationic biopolymer chitosan has several applications in medicine. Chitosan is the deacetylated derivative of chitin, the second most abundant naturally occurring polymer. Recent studies have investigated the relationship between chitosan and antibacterial activity. However, the molecular interactions and mechanisms have not been detailed. This study used molecular dynamics simulations to study interactions between chitosan and anionic bacterial membranes (POPE-POPG) and electrically neutral non-bacterial membranes (POPC). We calculated the free energy using umbrella sampling to compare the interactions between membranes and chitosan in different protonation states. Fully protonated chitosan interacted most strongly with the bacterial membranes, but weakly with non-bacterial membranes. These results suggest that electrostatic interactions are the main mechanism of the antibacterial activity of chitosan, and they provide insights into the design of novel antibacterial and antimicrobial agents.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.943-949
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• 2003

New quinolone derivatives of 7-(cis- or trans-3-amino-4-mehtylthiomethylpyrrolidinyl) quinolone-3-carboxylic acids were synthesized by condensation of 7-halo substituted quinolone-3-carboxylic acids with cis- or trans-3-amino-4-mehtylthiomethylpyrrolidine. Some of these compounds showed broad spectra of antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and exhibited much stronger activity against MRSA.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1102-1105
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• 2001

In order to find therapeutic agents for porcine pneumonia, we screened far antibacterial activities of methanol extracts of 81 higher plants against four pathogenic microorganisms of Heamophilus parasuis, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia, and Bordetella bronchiseptica, and found the bark of Cinnamomi cortex showed potent activities. Since this was inexpensive, we purified active compounds from it. The structures of the final active fractions were obtained through an activity-guided fractionation and their antibacterial activities are reported here.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2003

Several fused triazolo and ditriazoloquinoxaline derivatives such as 1-aryl-4-chloro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalines (3a-d), 4-alkoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalines (4a,b), 4-substituted-amino-[1,2,4] triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalines (5a-h), 1-(aryl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4(5H)-thione (6), 4-(arylidenehydrazino )-1-phenyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalines (10a-e) and [1,2,4]ditriazolo[4,3-a:3',4'-c]quinoxaline derivatives (11-13) have been synthesized and some of these derivatives were evaluated for antimicrobial and antifungal activity in vitro. It was found that compounds 3a and 9b possess potent antibacterial activity compared to the standard tetracycline.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.704-709
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• 2009

The emergence of methicillin-resistant of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) has led to an urgent need for the discovery and development of new antibacterial agents. As part of an ongoing investigation into the antibacterial properties of the natural products, (2S)-7,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-(${\gamma}$, ${\gamma}$-dimethylally)-f1avanone (2S-DMDF), isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens, was found to be antibacterial active MRSA and VRE. Sophora flavescens has been used as antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory. Therefore, this study investigated the antibacterial activity of 2S-DMDF against all the bacterial strains tested. In this result, at the end point of an optically clear well, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranged from 0.97 to 15.6 mg/ml for 2S-DMDF, from 125 to 256 mg/ml for ampicillin, and from 64 to 512 mg/ml for gentamicin with MRSA, also, 7.8 to 15.6 mg/ml for 2S-DMDF, from 125 to 256 mg/ml for ampicillin, and from 512 to 1024< mg/ml for vacomicin with VRE. These findings indicated that the application of the tested 2S-DMDF alone might prove useful in the control and treatment of MRSA and VRE infections.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.848-852
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• 2010

This study investigated the antibacterial activities of extracts and fractions of Sasa borealis against eight bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Psedomonas aerginosa, Salmonella choleraesuis, Serratia marcescens and Vibrio vulnificus) by broth dilution assay. Using survival curves, the kinetics of bacterial inactivation upon exposure to the extracts and fractions were followed for 24 h. In this same manner, MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values were determined by broth microdilution assay and then confirmed to be the extract concentrations that inhibited bacterial growth. Sasa borealis extracts showed antibacterial activities against all tested bacteria. In particular, all tested fractions of Sasa borealis had stronger activities than 70% ethanol extract. MIC of Sasa borealis extract was determined to be 5 mg/mL against Salmonella choleraesuis. All fractions of Sasa borealis extract had extremely strong antibacterial activities. MIC of fractions were determined to be 0.03~2.5 mg/mL. These results suggest that the extracts and fractions of Sasa borealis effectively inhibited bacterial growth and thus are useful as natural antibacterial agents.