• Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.121-129
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• 2023

Background and Purpose: As it becomes an aging society, interest in senile diseases is increasing. Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and osteoporosis are representative senile diseases. Various studies have reported that AD and osteoporosis share many risk factors that affect each other's incidence. This aimed to determine if active medication treatment of AD could affect the development of osteoporosis. Methods: The Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service provided data consisting of diagnosis, demographics, prescription drug, procedures, medical materials, and healthcare resources. In this study, data of all AD patients in South Korea who were registered under the national health insurance system were obtained. The cohort underwent conversion to an Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership-Common Data Model version 5 format. Results: This study included 11,355 individuals in the good persistent group and an equal number of 11,355 individuals in the poor persistent group from the National Health Claims database for AD drug treatment. In primary analysis, the risk of osteoporosis was significantly higher in the poor persistence group than in the good persistence group (hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.32]; p<0.001). Conclusions: We found that the good persistence group treated with anti-dementia drugs for AD was associated with a significant lower risk of osteoporosis in this nationwide study. Further studies are needed to clarify the pathophysiological link in patients with two chronic diseases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.448-458
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• 2020

We investigated the therapeutic effects of microRNA-139-5p in relation to osteoporosis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) and its underlying mechanisms. In this study we used a dexamethasone-induced in vivo model of osteoporosis and BMSCs were used for the in vitro model. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and gene chip were used to analyze the expression of microRNA-139-5p. In an osteoporosis rat model, the expression of microRNA-139-5p was increased, compared with normal group. Down-regulation of microRNA-139-5p promotes cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Especially, up-regulation of microRNA-139-5p reduced cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Overexpression of miR-139-5p induced Wnt/β-catenin and down-regulated NOTCH1 signaling in BMSCs. Down-regulation of miR-139-5p suppressed Wnt/β-catenin and induced NOTCH1 signaling in BMSCs. The inhibition of NOTCH1 reduced the effects of anti-miR-139-5p on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin also inhibited the effects of anti-miR-139-5p on cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Taken together, our results suggested that the inhibition of microRNA-139-5p promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via targeting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by NOTCH1.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.1-19
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• 2019

Objectives: To select the optimal ranges showing obvious synergic anti-osteoporotic potential after adjust mixed formula consisted of Morindae Radix (MR) and Cistanchis Herba (CH) as compared with those of each single formula or risedronate sodium (RES) using bilateral ovariectomized (OVX) female mice. Methods: Fourteen groups, total eight sham or 104 OVX mice were selected based on the body weights at 34 days after OVX surgery. After that, 9 types mixed compositions, single formula of MR and CH, and RES were orally administered for 35 days. And we measured changes in body weight and gain, femur weight, bone mineral density (BMD), bone strength (failure load) and mineral content - calcium (Ca) and inorganic phosphorus (IP), osteocalcin contents and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (bALP) activities of all mice. Results: The OVX-induced estrogen-deficient osteoporotic signs were significantly inhibited by 35 days of continuous oral treatment of all treated mice as compared with OVX control mice. Especially, MR:CH 1:3 and 1:1 mixed formula treated mice showed significantly more favorable inhibitory activities against estrogen-deficient osteoporosis symptoms as compared to those of each single formula of MR and CH. Although RES also ameliorated the decreases of the femur BMD, strength and trabecular bone architectures through the inhibited the increases of bone turnover, but they did not critically influenced on the bone formations. Conclusions: The results suggest that MR:CH 1:3 mixed formula showed somewhat lower anti-resorptive effects as compared to those of RES, but they also showed bone formation effects. therefore, it is expected that MR:CH 1:3 mixture will be promising as a potent protective agents for relieving the osteoporosis in menopausal women.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2018

Objectives: Osteoporosis is considered a serious human disease. We developed an extract of mixed herbs containing root of Platycodon grandiflorum (ExMH-PGR), which is expected to be effective in preventing or treating osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-osteoporotic effect of ExMH-PGR in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells and osteoclastic RAW 264.7 cells. Methods: To examine the anti-osteoporotic effect of ExMH-PGR, osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation were induced and cultured with various concentrations of ExMH-PGR. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen synthesis, osteocalcin production, and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells were analyzed. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and the formation of actin ring in RAW 264.7 cells were analyzed. Results: ExMH-PGR at concentration up to $25{\mu}g/mL$ significantly increased ALP activity, collagen synthesis, osteocalcin production, and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells. ExMH-PGR at 50 to $200{\mu}g/mL$ significantly inhibited TRAP activity and the formation of actin ring in RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that ExMH-PGR stimulates osteoblastic activities and inhibits osteoclastic activities in in vitro systems, suggesting that ExMH-PGR might be considered as an anti-osteoporotic candidate for treatment of osteoporosis disease.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2023

Objectives: The object of this study was to observe the complex anti-climacterium potentials of Yuklinzu aqueous extracts (YLZ), using bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) female ddY mice similar to women postmenopausal symptoms, as including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis and hepatic steatosis. Methods: In order to evaluate anti-climacterium effects of YLZ, six groups of mice were used; sham control, OVX control, 17β-estradiol, YLZ 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg treated groups. Since 28 days after bilateral OVX surgery, YLZ were administered orally for 84 days, once a day. And then we evaluated anti-climacterium effects divided into five categories; estrogenic effects, anti-obesity, hypolipidemic effects, hepatoprotective effects and anti-osteoporotic effects. The results of YLZ were compared with 17β-estradiol 0.03 ㎍/head/day subcutaneous treated OVX mice. Results: As a result of OVX, obvious changes related to the estrogen-deficient menopausal symptoms - obesity, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis and osteoporosis were displayed in mice. However, these menopausal symptoms induced by OVX were significantly inhibited by 84 days of consecutive treatment of 17β-estradiol, YLZ 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, respectively. Especially, YLZ showed obvious dose-dependent inhibitory activities on the OVX-induced climacterium changes in mice, and YLZ 500 mg/kg showed comparable inhibitory effects against menopausal symptoms in comparison with those of 17β-estradiol 0.03 ㎍/head/day subcutaneous treatment. Conclusions: The results suggest that oral administration of YLZ 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg has obvious dose-dependent favorable anti-climacterium effects in OVX mice. Especially, YLZ 500 mg/kg showed comparable inhibitory effects against menopausal symptoms in comparison with those of 17β-estradiol 0.03 ㎍/head/day subcutaneous treatment.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.191.1-191.1
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• 2003

Germanium is present in all living plant and animal matter in micro-trace quantities. Clinical trials and use in private practices for more than a decade have demonstrated germanium's efficacy in treating a wide range of serious afflications. including cancer, arthritis and senile osteoporosis. To investigate anti-inflammatory activity of organic germanium, we measured the effect of organic germanium on histamine release, (omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Community Living Science Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.60-62
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• 2006

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.337-343
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• 2020

Activation of osteoclast and inactivation of osteoblast result in loss of bone mass with bone resorption, leading to the pathological progression of osteoporosis. The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) is a member of the TNF superfamily, and is a key mediator of osteoclast differentiation. A flavanone glycoside isolated from the fruit of Poncirus trifoliata, poncirin has anti-allergic, hypocholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet activities. The present study investigates the effect of poncirin on osteoclast differentiation of RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. We observed reduced formation of RANKL-stimulated TRAP-positive multinucleated cells (a morphological feature of osteoclasts) after poncirin exposure. Real-time qPCR analysis showed suppression of the RANKL-mediated induction of key osteoclastogenic molecules such as NFATc1, TRAP, c-Fos, MMP9 and cathepsin K after poncirin treatment. Poncirin also inhibited the RANKL-mediated activation of NF-κB and, notably, JNK, without changes in ERK and p38 expression in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, we assessed the in vivo efficacy of poncirin in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone erosion model. Evaluating the micro-CT of femurs revealed that bone erosion in poncirin treated mice was markedly attenuated. Our results indicate that poncirin exerts anti-osteoclastic effects in vitro and in vivo by suppressing osteoclast differentiation. We believe that poncirin is a promising candidate for inflammatory bone loss therapeutics.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2009

Among aging diseases, the most basic problem is a decrease in bone mineral density. Patients with osteoporosis are steadily increasing in the world. This study was investigated to show the relationship between osteoporotic effects and oxidative damage. Water extracts of 15 medicinal plants and ethanol extracts of 14 medicinal plants with known anti-osteoporotic effects, were tested for their radical scavenging activity using DPPH, ABTS, SRSA and FRAP assay. Water extract of Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus and ethanol extract of Rubus coreanus, Viscium album var. coloratum, Cimicifuga heracleifolia showed about 15-20 mg/g of total phenolic contents. Water extract of Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus and Epimedium koreanum showed high radical scavenging activity. Ethanol extract of Drynaria fortunei, Cornus officinalis, Rubus coreanus, Gentiana scabra and Astragalus membranaceus showed high radical scavenging activity. Water extract of Drynaria fortunei, Cornus officinalis, Nelumbo nucifera, Epimedium koreanum, and Gentiana scabra showed very strong protective effect against oxidative damage to DNA. These results suggest the correlation between anti-osteoporotic effects and antioxidative effects.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.261-268
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• 2013

The ginseng plant (Panax ginseng Meyer) has a large number of active ingredients including steroidal saponins with a dammarane skeleton as well as protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol, commonly known as ginsenosides, which have antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-adipocyte, and sexual enhancing effects. Though several discoveries have demonstrated that ginseng saponins (ginsenosides) as the most important therapeutic agent for the treatment of osteoporosis, yet the molecular mechanism of its active metabolites is unknown. In this review, we summarize the evidence supporting the therapeutic properties of ginsenosides both in vivo and in vitro, with an emphasis on the different molecular agents comprising receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B, and matrix metallopeptidase-9, as well as the bone morphogenetic protein-2 and Smad signaling pathways.