• Title/Summary/Keyword: Anti-Stress Effects

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Spermatogenic and Antioxidant Potential of Mucuna prureins (L.) in Epididymal Spermatozoa: A Dose Dependent Effect

  • Suresh, Sekar;Prithiviraj, Ealumali;Venkatalakshmi, Nagella;Ganesh, Mohanraj Karthik;Ganesh, Lakshmanan;Lee, Hyun-Jeong;Prakash, Seppan
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.441-447
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    • 2011
  • The study aim is to investigate the free radicals scavenging and spermatogenic potentials, as well as to analyze any reproductive toxicity of ethanolic extract of Mucuna prureins (M. pruriens) Linn. in spermatozoa, under different dosages in normal male rat. Normal rats were randomly selected and suspension of the extract was administered orally at the dosages of 150, 200 and 250 mg/kg body weight of the different groups of male rats (n=6) once in a day for 60 days and grouped as group II, III and IV respectively. Saline treated rats served as control -group I. On the $60^{th}$ day the animals were sacrificed and the epididymal sperm were subjected to various analyses like level of ROS production, LPO, enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidant, morphology, morphometry, chromosomal integrity and DNA damage. Results showed significant reduction in ROS production and peroxidation and significant increase in both enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants in all concentration treated groups when compared with control. Results from all the drug treated groups showed good sperm morphology, increased sperm count and motility. There was no DNA damage and showed normal chromosomal integrity even in 250 mg/kg dose. When compared with control all the three extract treated groups showed increased ROS scavenging activity. However, group II (200 mg/kg) showed significant changes in all the parameters. From the present study it was confirmed that the M. pruriens has potential to improve the sperm qualitatively and quantitatively through scavenging the excess ROS with any adverse side effects. These observations suggest that ethanolic seed extract of M. pruriens may serve as anti-oxidant that can exploit to treat the oxidative stress mediated male factor infertility.

Production of green tea jelly using theanine and its physiochemical characterization (녹차 theanine을 이용한 젤리 제조 및 품질특성 조사)

  • Kim, Seong Gyung;Jeong, Hana;Im, Ae Eun;Yang, Kwang-Yeol;Choi, Yong Soo;Nam, Seung-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.53 no.5
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    • pp.553-560
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    • 2021
  • Theanine, the major amino acid and a sweet umami component of green tea, has anti-stress effects in humans. From green tea, theanine was extracted at 80℃ for 2 h using a low temperature, high pressure extractor, and caffeine was removed using an HP-20 column with 80% ethanol. Theanine extracts were applied to produce functional jelly using three kinds of gelling agents (I, II, and III) or various concentrations of theanine extracts (10-50%). Theanine jelly was characterized with respect to its physical properties, product stability, and physiological function. Gelling agent III (tamarind gum, xanthan gum, and locust bean gum=2:3:5, w/w/w) and S3 (35% theanine extracts) jelly exhibited the optimum textural properties with lower hardness and high springiness. Among theanine jellies, S3 exhibited optimum product stability, high 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. These results indicate that the anine extracts could be used as a neuroprotective source in the food industry.

Production of Carotenoids by Bacteria; Carotenoid Productivity and Availability (박테리아에 의한 카로티노이드 생산; 카로티노이드 생산성 및 활용 가능성)

  • Choi, Seong Seok;Kim, Gun-Do
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.411-419
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    • 2022
  • Carotenoids are red, orange, and yellow fat-soluble pigments that exist in nature, and are known as physiologically active substances with various functions, such as provitamin A, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. Because of their physiological activity and color availability, carotenoids are widely used in the food, cosmetics, and aquaculture industries. Currently, most carotenoids used industrially use chemical synthesis because of their low production cost, but natural carotenoids are in the spotlight because of their safety and physiologically active effects. However, the production of carotenoids in plants and animals is limited for economic reasons. Carotenoids produced by bacteria have a good advantage in replacing carotenoids produced by chemical synthesis. Since carotenoids produced from bacteria have limited industrial applications due to low productivity, studies are continuously being conducted to increase the production of carotenoids by bacteria. Studies conducted to increase carotenoid production from bacteria include the activity of enzymes in the bacterial carotenoid biosynthesis pathway, the development of mutant strains using physical and chemical mutagens, increasing carotenoid productivity in strain construction through genetic engineering, carotenoid accumulation through stress induction, fermentation medium composition, culture conditions, co-culture with other strains, etc. The aim of this article was to review studies conducted to increase the productivity of carotenoids from bacteria.

Anti-Oxidative Effects of Cymbopoton Citratus Ethanol Extract through the Induction of HO-1 Expression in RAW 264.7 Cells (RAW264.7 세포에서 Cymbopogon Citratus 에탄올 추출물의 HO-1 유도를 통한 항산화 효과)

  • Chung-Mu Park;Hyun-Seo Yoon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.73-82
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    • 2023
  • Purpose : Cymbopogon citratus, also known as lemongrass, has widely spread around the world and its essential oil is usually applied in food, perfume, and other industrial purposes. In addition, C. citratus has also been used for the treatment of inflammation, digestive disorders, and diabetes in traditional medicine. In this study, the antioxidative activity of C. citratus ethanol extract (CCEE) was analyzed in RAW 264.7 cells through the induction of one of phase II enzymes, heme oxygenase (HO)-1 by nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor (Nrf)2, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt. Methods : The antioxidative activity of CCEE against oxidative stress and its underlying molecular mechanisms were analyzed by the cell viability assay, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation assay, and Western blot analysis in RAW 264.7 cells. Results : The results exhibited that CCEE potently attenuated tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced intracellular ROS levels in a dose-dependent manner without any cytotoxicity. CCEE treatment significantly induced the expression of HO-1 which is known for its antioxidative capacity. In addition, CCEE treatment significantly upregulated the expression of Nrf2, a corresponding transcription factor for the regulation of antioxidative enzymes, which was in accordance with the HO-1 overexpression. MAPK and PI3K/Akt were also evaluated for their important roles in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis against oxidative damage. As a result, the potent HO-1 expression was mediated by not extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2 terminal kinase (JNK), p38, but phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) phosphorylation. To confirm the antioxidative activity of CCEE-induced HO-1 expression, oxidative damage was initiated by t-BHP and attenuated by CCEE treatment, which was identified by HO-1 selective inhibitor and inducer. Conclusion : Consequently, CCEE potently induced the HO-1-mediated antioxidative potential through the modulation of Nrf2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. These results suggest that CCEE could be a promising strategy for the mitigation against cellular oxidative damage.

Suppression of Microglial Activation by Acute Ethanol Administration through HT7 Stimulation (급성 알코올 투여 백서의 신문혈 자극이 소교세포 활성에 미치는 영향)

  • Su Yeon Seo;Se Kyun Bang;Suk Yun Kang;Seong Jin Cho;Kwang-Ho Choi;Yeonhee Ryu
    • Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 2024
  • Objectives : The sigma-1 receptor is implicated in stress, depression, psychostimulant sensitization, and addiction vulnerability. Prior studies have indicated that ethanol exposure modulates sigma-1 receptor activity within the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA). Here, we explore the sub-mechanisms underlying sigma-1 receptor activity induced by HT7 (Shinmun) stimulation in behavioral alterations following acute ethanol (ETOH) administration. Methods : Male Wistar rats were investigated for pro- and anti-inflammatory markers after injection of ETOH (1 g/kg) using cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)s. After confirming that HT7 stimulation changed the total distance traveled in the open field test (OFT), protein changes in the Ventral tegmental area (VTA) were measured by Western blotting. The expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) after administration of a sigma-1 receptor antagonist (dihydrobromide 1047; BD1047, 10 mg/kg i.p.) and Shenmen (HT7) stimulation was compared. Results : As a result, acute ETOH administration increased proinflammatory marker levels (TNF-𝛼 and IL-6). HT7 stimulation restored the total distance response after acute ethanol administration. In addition, in the VTA, the levels of a microglial marker (iNOS), sigma-1 receptor and protein kinase C, which are predicted to be involved in up- and downregulation, were restored by HT7 stimulation. In particular, HT7 stimulation modulates iNOS expression through effects similar to BD treatment. This study suggests that the stimulatory effect of HT7 may be driven by microglial activation. Conclusions : Microglial activity is regulated by sigma-1 receptor, and sigma-1 receptor activity is regulated by HT7 stimulation. Significantly, we demonstrate that HT7 stimulation ameliorates behavioral alterations induced by acute ETOH administration through microglial activation within the VTA.

Protective effects of quality certified traditional Doenjang in Korea on TNF-α-induced vascular inflammation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (혈관내피세포에서 TNF-α 자극에 의해 유도되는 혈관염증에 대한 전통식품 품질인증 된장의 효능 평가)

  • Kim, Eun-Ju;Jang, Yeon-Jeong;Kim, So-Young;Choi, Hye-Sun;Park, Shin-Young
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.378-386
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    • 2016
  • Anti-atherogenic effects in tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) are involved in the suppression of oxidative stress, cell adhesion molecules, and pro-inflammatory factors. This study investigated the vascular inflammation inhibitory activity of traditional Doenjang plays a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis. The protective effects of Korean Deonjang was investigated on the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$-induced human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Deonjang extracts (20, 50, $100{\mu}g/mL$) decreased the expression of 20 ng/mL TNF-${\alpha}$-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 proteins, and their corresponding mRNA levels. Nitric oxides (NO) produced by endothlial nitric oxides synthase (eNOS) dilated blood vessels, which had protective effects against platelet and leukocyte adhesion. While TNF-${\alpha}$-induced suppressed the production of nitric oxide in HUVECs, Doenjang restored NO production in HUVECs. In addition, Deonjang reduced the TNF-${\alpha}$-induced expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA levels. These results suggested that Doenjang can inhibited the production of cell adhesion molecules and inflammatory mediators, which could be a potential candidate for preventing atherosclerosis.

Study on the Antioxidant and Human Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitory Activities of Mushroom Ramaria formosa Extracts (붉은싸리버섯 추출물의 항산화 및 Human Neutrophil Elastase 저해활성)

  • Kim, Kwan-Chul;Kwon, Yong-Beom;Jang, Hae-Dong;Kim, Jae Wha;Jeong, Jae Cheol;Lee, Ik-Soo;Ha, Byung-Jo;Yoo, Ick-Dong
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.269-278
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    • 2016
  • In searching for novel agents for skin anti-aging from natural resources, we found that the extract of the fruiting bodies of Ramaria formosa (R. formosa) had significant antioxidant and human neutrophil elastase (HNE) inhibitory activities. R. formosa extract exhibited a considerable DPPH radical scavenging activity with an antioxidant content of 117.0mg/mL (ascorbic acid equivalents) at the concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$. The capacity of R. formosa extract to scavenge peroxy radicals measured by ORAC assay also showed dose-dependent antioxidant effect with $ORAC_{Roo}$ (trolox equivalents, $1{\mu}M$) values of 0.8, 5.2, and 7.8 at the concentrations of 1, 10, and $20{\mu}g/mL$. The cellular antioxidant capacity of R. formosa extract was investigated by assaying the cellular fluorescence intensity using dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCF). The cellular oxidative stress induced by AAPH, $Cu^{2+}$ or $H_2O_2$ in HepG2 cells was significantly attenuated by more than 30% at $20{\mu}g/mL$ of R. formosa extract. HNE activity was reduced by treatment with R. formosa extract in a dose-dependent manner, and the $ED_{50}$ value for the ethanol extract of R. formosa was $42.9{\mu}g/mL$. R. formosa extract did not exhibited antimicrobial activity against four microorganisms including Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Candida albicans (C. albicans), Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae). Furthermore, the extract did not affect the inflammatory cytokine production of interleukin-10 and interferon-${\gamma}$ in NK92 cells. From the above results, we found that R. formosa extract has considerable antioxidant and elastase inhibitory effects, and does not stimulate immune cells. These findings suggest that R. formosa extract may be used as a bioactive component in cosmetic composition.

Comparison of Anti-oxidative Activity in a Single Serving Size of the Commercial Coffees and Teas

  • Kim, Tae-Hun;Lee, Seulgi;Seo, Jin Woo;Bing, Sun Hye;Kim, Jong Im;Kwon, Eui-Ra;Jo, Gune-Hee;Lee, Jae-Myean;Choi, Joon Sig
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.460-469
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    • 2017
  • The aim of this work was to study the comparison of anti-oxidative activity in a single serving size of commercial coffees and teas. Commercial regular coffees and teas, including, brand regular coffees ($BC_A$, $BC_B$, $BC_C$, $BC_D$, and $BC_E$), green tea ($GT_A$, $GT_B$, $GT_C$, and $GT_D$), black tea ($BT_A$, $BT_B$, and $BT_C$), pu-erh tea ($PT_A$, $PT_B$, and $PT_C$), chamomile tea ($CT_A$, $CT_B$, and $CT_C$), peppermint tea ($P_A$, $P_B$, and $P_C$), polygonatum odoratum tea ($POT_A$, $POT_B$, and $POT_C$), and jujube tea ($JT_A$, $JT_B$, and $JT_C$) were assayed for the levels of ascorbic acid, caffeine, total content of polyphenols and flavonoids, and ability to scavenge free radicals, using two in vitro antioxidant assays. The scavenging abilities of $BC_A$ and $BC_C$ were $664.91{\pm}48.87mg$ ascorbic acid equivalent/serving size and $624.36{\pm}16.18mg$ ascorbic acid equivalent/serving size, respectively. The four beverage samples ($BC_A$, $BC_C$, $GT_D$, and $BT_A$) significantly reduced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular oxidative stress induced by $H_2O_2$. These results suggest that the beverages possess significant radical scavenging ability, which may be due to the presence of antioxidants. Furthermore, the significant reducing level of ROS evidences the potential antioxidant effects of these beverages in human cells.

The Effects of Mulberry Extract Consumption on the Serum Levels of Oxidant and Inflammatory Factors in Middle-aged Women with Rheumatoid Factors (오디추출물 투여가 류머티즘 요인이 있는 일부 한국 중년여성의 혈중 항산화 및 항염증 관련 지표수준에 미치는 영향)

  • Shin, Jung-Hee;Han, Se-Mi;Kim, Ae-Jung
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.13 no.8
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    • pp.3561-3569
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    • 2012
  • This study investigated the effect of mulberry fruit extract(MFE) on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of middle aged women with rheumatoid factor (RF). Thirty two middle-aged subjects were divided into two groups which were normal middle-aged group (NMG) and abnormal middle-aged group whose serum RF level were > 10 u/mL (AMG). All groups had consumed MFE (100 mL/day) for 4 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, serum inflammatory factors, serum oxidative stress markers analyses were performed at baseline and then at 4 weeks following the study. There were no significant differences in anthropometric measurements, including BMI, WHR and body fat composition between two groups. But after 4 weeks MFE consumption, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), serum TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-2, IL-4 had significantly decreased (p<0.05) in AMG. These findings suggested that the MFE consumption as food may be protective against oxidation and inflammation like RA.

The Effect of the Integrated Therapy of Neurofeedback, Brain Gymnastics, and Oriental Herbal Tea on the Improvement of Brain Functions and the Quality of Life of Elders living alone (뉴로피드백·뇌체조·한방차를 병행한 통합요법이 독거노인의 뇌기능 향상 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeong, Eun-sil;Lee, Jung-eun;Jung, Hyun-mo;Kim, Soo-Kyung;Youn, Mee-Kyung;Lee, Eun-han
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.12
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    • pp.569-581
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    • 2016
  • This experimental study employs a pretest -posttest method concerning the integrated therapy of neurofeedback training, brain gymnastics, and oriental herbal tea effects on seniors living alone. The purpose of the study is to identify effects on brain functions and quality of life. The study participants included 23 seniors living alone (male 10, female 13), ranging in age from 65~90. The experiment lasted 8 weeks, from December 22, 2014, to February 28, 2015. The neurofeedback training utilized the 2 Channel neurofeedback system by Braintech Corporation and was conducted a total of 16 times over 8 weeks, having two sessions per week lasting for 30 minutes focusing on relaxation, concentration and memory. Brain gymnastics, developed by the Korean Science Institute of Psychiatry, ran for 30 minutes, twice a week for a total of 16 sessions administered over 8 weeks. Participants were required to drink 3 cups of oriental herbal tea developed according to Donguibogam for 8 weeks. The results of applying integrated therapy found positive effects on brain function resulting from changes in level of tension and anti-stress quotient. Quality of life, daily life basic measurements, and depression symptoms were significantly influenced by decreases in blood pressure and blood sugar. Results of this study find the integrated therapy of neurofeedback training, brain gymnastics, and oriental herbal tea can significantly enhance brain functions and quality of life within seniors living alone. Therefore integrated therapy involving neurofeedback, brain gymnastics, and oriental herbal tea is a necessary intervention to improve the quality of life of seniors living alone, and will improve the quality of life through healing both mind and body in a more practical and systematical manner.