• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.12-20
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to evaluate human thermal comfort by spatial structure and to explore solutions to improve the thermal environment of a small urban space. The study site was Korea University campus. Thermal conditions were measured to evaluate the quality of the thermal environment in each type of space within the study site. Micrometeorology measurements, analysis of space characteristics for using fish-eye lens photography, and thermal comfort modeling through the use of collected meteorological data, such as temperature and humidity, were performed. Results showed that the level of thermal comfort for humans differs depending on the types of space within the study site. Thermal comfort is better in open spaces than enclosed in the aspect of radiative mean temperature, Predicted Mean Vote(PMV), and Physiologically Equivalent Temperature(PET). This fact is probably due to shadows or buildings or trees that may block solar radiation. Thus, it is necessary to consider the spatial arrangements of buildings and trees to enhance openness and ventilation in the space. Paving materials and exterior building materials should also be selected to lower the radiant temperature. Given these results, a quantitative evaluation on human thermal comfort could propose a way to plan user comfortable small urban spaces. Study methods used and results provided in the study can promote a better way for urban space planning direction to improve environmental quality.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1115-1123
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• 2016

_L-Asparaginase (E.C. 3.5.1.1) is an enzyme involved in asparagine hydrolysis and has the potential to effect leukemic cells and various other cancer cells. We identified the _L-asparaginase gene (_L-ASPG86) in the genus Mesoflavibacter, which consists of a 1,035 bp open reading frame encoding 344 amino acids. Following phylogenetic analysis, the deduced amino acid sequence of _L-ASPG86 (_L-ASPG86) was grouped as a type I asparaginase with respective homologs in Escherichia coli and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The _L-ASPG86 gene was cloned into the pET-16b vector to express the respective protein in E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells. Recombinant _L-asparaginase (r-_L-ASPG86) showed optimum conditions at 37-40℃, pH 9. Moreover, r-_L-ASPG86 did not exhibit glutaminase activity. In the metal ions test, its enzymatic activity was highly improved upon addition of 5 mM manganese (3.97-fold) and magnesium (3.35-fold) compared with the untreated control. The specific activity of r-_L-ASPG86 was 687.1 units/mg under optimum conditions (37℃, pH 9, and 5 mM MnSO₄).

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2012

In this study a group of experts and clinical radiological technologists were surveyed to evaluate the clinical importance of current subjects in the radiological sciences. For the data collection and analysis, an open-ended questionnaire was distributed to the group of experts, and a multiple choice questionnaire was distributed to radiological technologists. Subjects were classified into 9 groups for analysis of the importance of subjects, and in regard to the questionnaire design for measurement of variables, departments and type of hospital were set up as independent variables, and the 9 groups of subjects were set up as dependent variables. As a result, clinical radiological technologists perceived Diagnostic Imaging Technology and practical courses, including general radiography, CT and MRI, as the most clinically necessary subjects, and the group of experts placed most weight on basic courses for the major. The result of this study suggests that the curriculum should be revised in a way that combines theory and practice in order to foster radiological technologists capable of adapting to the rapidly changing healthcare environment.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.694-701
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• 2013

A new copolymer named T-TI24T (poly((5,5-(2-butyl-5,6-bisdecyloxy-4,7-di-thiophen-2-yl-isoindole-1,3-dione))- alt-(2,5-thiophene))) based on phthalimide derivative and thiophene is synthesized by the Stille-coupling reaction. The polymer shows relatively high number average molecular weight of 86500 g/mol with good solubility in common organic solvents such as chloroform, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and toluene and is thermally stable up to $380^{\circ}C$. Besides, it possesses a relatively low highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of -5.33 eV, promising the high open circuit voltage ($V_{oc}$) for photovoltaic applications. Active layer solution of polymer T-TI24T-as a donor and (6)-1-(3-(methoxycarbonyl)- {5}-1-phenyl[5,6]-fullerene (PCBM)-as an acceptor in different weight ratios is applied to fabricate the polymer solar cell devices. The ratio of polymer/PCBM affects the solar cell efficiency and the best performance exhibits in the device with polymer/PCBM = 1:3 (w/w), which shows a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.199% and a $V_{oc}$ of 0.99 V, respectively. Even though the device shows the very low PCE, the $V_{oc}$ is higher than that of well known bulk heterojunction type solar cell based on P3HT:PC61BM (c.a. 0.5 V).

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2014

Social media which includes Facebook enable users to construct relationships and networks as well as sharing of information. By enlisting Facebook users as proxy, this paper attempted to analyze the different emotional states experienced by social media users, specifically to gauge what effect their usage motivation and usage pattern had on the ambivalence level of the users. The quantitative survey result revealed that usage duration or the time of day when Facebook was accessed had no relevant impact on one's ambivalence level. However, there was a direct correlation between frequency of Facebook usage and the ambivalence level. The more the user logged onto Facebook the more suppressed his or her expression became due to fear of giving negative impressions to others and also receiving their negative feedbacks, which then subsequently added to the user's ambivalence. People's main reasons for using Facebook were identified as "chatting," "communicating," "maintaining relationships," "relationship building," "networking," and "finding information about friends," but only "maintaining relationships," "communicating," and "networking" had observable effect on ambivalence. There were no noticeable differences among genders with regards to ambivalence and usage levels, but there was a marked difference based on the user's age. For example, people in their forties showed higher levels of ambivalence than those in their twenties. This may be attributed to anxiety they face as they use Facebook primarily to expand their networks and to maintain relationships. As such, it is surmised that their fatigue level from using social media will only increase. Meanwhile, Korean Facebook user's emotional manifestation tended to skew toward relation-involved ambivalence rather than the self-defensive type. This relation-involved ambivalence might be something that can actually help prevent damage to relationships by limiting excessive emotional expressions. In other words, such ambivalence by Facebook users may be a positive element in a user's social media interaction.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.189-202
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• 2021

The teacher's questions presented in the problem-solving situation stimulate students' mathematical thinking and lead them to find a solution to the given problem situation. In this research, the types and functions of questions presented in chapters of Pattern area of the 2015 revised elementary school mathematics textbooks were compared and analyzed by grade cluster. Through this, it was attempted to obtain implications for teaching and learning in identifying the characteristics of questions and effectively using the questions when teaching Pattern area. As a result of this research, as grade clsuter increased, the number of questions per lesson presented in Pattern area increased. Frequency of the types of questions in textbooks was found to be high in the order of reasoning questions, factual questions, and open questions in common by grade cluster. In chapters of Pattern area, relatively many questions were presented that serve as functions to help guess, invent, and solve problems or to help mathematical reasoning in the process of finding rules. It can be inferred that these types of questions and their functions are related to the learning content by grade cluster and characteristics of grade cluster. Therefore, the results of this research can contribute to providing a reference material for devising questions when teaching Pattern area and further to the development of teaching and learning in Pattern area.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.189-197
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• 2019

HLW (High Level Radioactive Waste) is one of the problems that must be solved in the countries that implement nuclear power generation. Most countries that are concerned about HLW treatment are considering complete isolation from human society by disposing them deep underground. For perfect isolation, understanding the characteristics of underground rocks is very important. In particular, understanding the characteristics of discontinuity as a path way is one of the first things in order to predict the movement of exposed nuclear species to the surface. In this study, we used 500m underground core samples obtained from granite and gneiss area. The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of the discontinuities in each rock type and to analyze the properties of the joints in the underground relative to the surrounding environment. For this purpose, the types of discontinuities were classified and the distribution of each discontinuity were analyzed through visual analysis of the each sample obtained at 500m underground. This study can be used as a basic data for understanding the properties of discontinuities in the rock of the survey area and it can be also used as an important data for understanding the distribution characteristics of discontinuities according to the rock types.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.265-275
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to validate scale of deteminants for watching Korean traditional music performances to activate the market by procuring and increasing Korean traditional music performance consumers that exhibit generally low preference in the performance market. Accordingly, FGI was conducted on seven employees and professionals in the arts and cultural sector and then open survey results were categorized into eight factors and a total of sixty-five items using the KJ method to find the viewing decision factors per consumer type of Korean traditional music performances. Afterwards, a six-factor and thirty-five items were extracted after conducting an exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to verify the structural appropriateness, and then the feasibility of the composition of Korean traditional music performance viewing decision factor scale was verified. Results of the analysis showed that first, for general Korean adults making decisions to view Korean traditional music performances, there was positive impact in the order of interest-creating factors, fame and talent factors, emotional and information factors, creativity factors, reasonable price factors, and social relation factors. Second, the general tendency of decision factors to view Korean traditional music performances showed relatively high levels in reasonable price factors and interest-creating factors among the Korean traditional music performance viewing decision factors, while emotional and information factors were found to be relatively low.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.133-137
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• 2018

Arduino is a small microcomputer that is used in a variety of industry fields and especially is widely used as an open source hardware IoT device. The multi-tasking method of Arduino is divided into super loop timing and RTOS thread method. The super loop timing method is simple and easy to understand. However, when one task is long, it affects the execution of the next task. In addition, RTOS threading has the advantage of being able to run without being influenced by other work time. However, Arduino, a small microcomputer, has a disadvantage in that, when the number of threads increases, the context switching time of the thread causes additional time not included in the super loop timing method have. In this paper, we use Arduino Uno R3 and FreeRTOS to analyze these different features, and the task for the experiment is to send 8000 digital signals to the built-in LED port. If two tasks of the same size are executed, the super loop method executes 3 ms faster than FreeRTOS multitasking. If multiple tasks are executed simultaneously, superloop type task is sequential execution and difference in execution time between first task and last task is large. FreeRTOS method can be executed concurrently, but execution time delay of about 30 ms occurs in context switching time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.19-26
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• 2019

Pungsu theory is important one in the site selection and lay-out of traditional Korean village and house. In this aspect, Study with a view of Pungsu theory might be used as a proper method for understanding the traditional architecture in Korea. In this context, this study analyzes the Jeong, Dong-Ho's house which is designated no. 19 as an important folk cultural heritage, located in Jigok Ochu-gil 133-62, Godeok-myon, Yesan-gun, Chungnam province. The analysis of the site and space lay-out is carried out by Yong(Dragon), Hyoel(Auspicious Spot), Sa(Sands), Su(Water) aspects of the Pungsu(Fengshui) Hyungsei-ron. The house is depending upon soft dragon vein connecting with a earth type rear mountain. It looks southeast direction, Gonjwasonhyang(乾坐巽向). The hyeolseong(穴星) has classical venus shape, and there is no faults relatively. The Sasinsa condition is almost perfect that right blue dragon and left white tiger surround the hyeol with 3-4 layers and the facing mountain covers the front open area. The water flowing from inside of left and right mountain is joined in front of the house so it could stop flowing out of vital energy. Bibo forest(裨補樹) is placed properly to protect the easy disclose of water outlet. The house is well organized western house(西四宅) by analysis of Dongseosataek-ron(東西四宅論). Through the analysis, I found that the house has good Pungsu(Fengshui) environment fitted with Pungsu Hyungsei-ron. The house composed of small thatched roof is enclosed several times by low hills of back, left and right side. So it is believed that the site might be carefully evaluated by Yong, Hyoel, Sa, Su of Hyeongsei-ron for knowing whether the site condition could minimize the demage by strong winds and protect from the winter cold wind and secure water for drinking and farming and then selected. The method of Pungsu for evaluating the geographical condition of surrounding of a site is used as a traditional site analysis method for evaluating the suitability of long-term well and safe residence.