• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.53-64
• /
• 2012

This study was conducted to study the associations between parents' effortful control (EC), their parenting behavior and infants' EC. Subjects of the present study were 55 infants and their parents. Parents who participated in this study replied to questionnaires, including ECBQ-SF, ATQ-SF and Parenting style scale. There was positive correlations between the parents' EC, affectionate parenting style and infants' EC by zero-order correlation. We also performed Mann-Whitney test on the acquired data and it showed significant differences in the infants' EC by their parents' EC and parenting behavior. More specifically, infants with more affectionate and permissive parents showed higher levels of EC. Finally, we performed a partial correlation analysis and its results revealed that the correlation coefficient between the parents' EC and the infants' EC decreased when the parenting style was controlled. These results are vital to have a better understanding on the developmental pathways to the EC.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.253-271
• /
• 2011

This study examined the effects of infants' and toddlers' temperament and mothers' parenting self-efficacy on parenting behavior. Two hundred and thirty-two mothers with infants and toddlers completed the questionnaires regarding children's temperament, parenting self-efficacy and parenting behavior. The collected data were analysed by correlations and pathway analysis. The results were as follows: First, infants' and toddlers' temperament directly and indirectly through mothers' parenting self-efficacy affected affectionate and permissive-uninvolved parenting behavior. Second, mothers' parenting self-efficacy directly affected affectionate, authoritarian and permissive-uninvolved parenting behavior and mediated between children's temperament and mothers' parenting behavior. Additionally the most important variable predicting mothers' affectionate and permissive-uninvolved parenting behavior was infants' and toddlers' temperament, and the most important variable for authoritarian parenting behavior was mothers' parenting self-efficacy.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
• /
• no.54
• /
• pp.7-39
• /
• 2016

This study aimed at examining the effects of the environmental aspects of work-family role conflict on child-rearing attitudes of working mothers. To accomplish study purpose, 267 working mothers were asked to fill out the survey questionnaires. The research results were as follows. First with regards to the effects of both direction of work-family role conflict on child-rearing attitudes of working mothers: the work interference with family conflict was negatively related to affectionate child-rearing attitudes of working mothers; the work interference with family conflict was positively related to rejection child-rearing attitudes and control child-rearing attitudes of working mothers; and the family interference with work conflict was negatively related to autonomic child-rearing attitudes of working mothers. Second, in terms of the effects of the three types of work-family role conflict on child-rearing attitudes of working mothers: the work family strain-based conflict was negatively related to affectionate child-rearing attitudes of working mothers; the work family strain-based conflict was positively related to rejection child-rearing attitudes and control child-rearing attitudes of working mothers; and the family work strain-based conflict was negatively related to affectionate child-rearing attitudes and autonomic child-rearing attitudes of working mothers. Based on these results, suggestions and implications were provided.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.9
• /
• pp.440-450
• /
• 2019

This study analyzes the effects of perceived parental attitude on self-esteem in elementary and junior high school students. For this purpose, a questionnaire was given to 220 students, including 5th and 6th graders in elementary schools and 7th graders in middle schools in the Gyeonggi area. A total of 188 responses to the questionnaire were analyzed after excluding 22 responses that insincere responses or missing items. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate the general characteristics of the subjects, and a t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed to examine the differences in parental attitude and self-esteem according to the general characteristics of the subjects. The results showed that there is a stronger relationship for mothers between parental attitude and self-esteem perceived by children than for fathers. There were no significant differences between parental attitude and self-esteem according to the grade of the children. Among the subfactors of parental attitude, affectionate attitude and overprotective attitude were found to have a positive effect on self-esteem. In particular, an affectionate attitude among fathers had a positive effect on the self-esteem of children.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.307-332
• /
• 2020

The present study examined how the psychological well-being of young adults was affected by the perceived parental rearing attitudes and how self-concept clarity and the perceptions of emerging adulthood mediated this causal relationship based on Arnett's the theory of emerging adulthood. We specially focused on affectionate or rejective types of perceived parental rearing attitudes and possibility or instability perceptions of emerging adulthood. We performed survey research with 358 university students from six universities located in Seoul, and other cities in South Korea and analyzed collected data using SPSS 25.0 and SPSS Macro. As a result, we found correlational relationships between psychological well-being of emerging adulthood and other variables. Also, we found the mediating effect of the self-concept clarity in the relationship between the psychological well-being and the perceived parental attitudes: affectionate, rejective. However, we only found the mediating effect of the perceived possibility perception of emerging adulthood was significant in the relationship between the psychological well-being and affectionate parental rearing attitudes. Finally, we found a sequential mediation effect that the self-concept clarity and then perceived instability perception of emerging adulthood affected in the relationship between psychological well-being and rejective parental rearing attitudes of emerging adulthood. Based on results, implications and suggestions for counseling service and psychological education for university students faced emerging adulthood were discussed.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to propose measure for the effects of perceived parenting attitudes and emotional problems on life satisfaction among adolescents in single parent families with the parent resource perspective. The study consisted of 230 first grade middle school students from single parent (living with either mother or father only) families in the 4th year panel (2013) of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS), National Youth Policy Institute (NYPI). All statistical data analyses were performed using SPSS version 21.0. The findings of this study are as follows. First, lower levels of depression and aggression were found among adolescents who perceived parenting attitude as more affectionate. On the contrary, higher levels of depression and aggression were detected among adolescents who perceived parenting attitude as more intrusiveness. The more the inconsistent parenting practices perceived by adolescents, the higher the degree of depression. Second, a higher level of life satisfaction was found among adolescent who were more likely to perceive positive parenting attitudes including monitoring, affection and reasoning. However, there was no significant correlation between negative parenting behavior and life satisfaction. Third, a lower level of life satisfaction was observed among adolescent who were more likely to perceive emotional problems such as depression, aggression and social withdrawal. Fourth, according to the analysis on the effects of parenting attitudes and emotional problems on life satisfaction, affection parenting of all positive parenting styles and depression among emotional problems had an impact on life satisfaction. The more affectionate a parent is with his/her children in parenting, the lower the degree of depression in adolescents, and the lower degree of depression in adolescents, the higher degree of life satisfaction was found among adolescents from single parent households.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.371-388
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of interaction based on contingent regulation between teacher and underachiever in elementary mathematics. For this purpose, research questions are established as follows; (1) Is there any difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in mathematics achievement\ulcorner (2) Is there any difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in affectionate perspective\ulcorner (3) Is there any difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in adult regulation\ulcorner Two classes of fifth grade Children(10 children) were sampled from an elementary school in city of Daegu. One of them was assigned to the contingent regulation group and the other to natural regulation group. An experiment was conducted for 7 weeks. Two kinds of test instruments were used : pre-test and post-test. The pre-test scores guaranteed that both groups were homogeneous. Post-test was used to identify two effects(research questions (1) & (2)) and the post-test scores were analyzed by t-test. The results were as follows. (1) There was significant difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in mathematics achievement. This means that experiment group was higher than control group and the interaction effect of contingent regulation was higher in post-test. The self-control indicated in experiment group. (2) There was slightly significant difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in affectionate perspective. This means that experiment group turned to slightly positioner in post-test. (3) There was significant difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in adult regulation. In other words, level of contingent regulation changed depending on underachievers' ability but level of natural regulation didn't change. Therefore, I suggest that contingent regulation based on Vygotsky theory would provide effective mathematics education for underachievers in elementary mathematics.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.101-124
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of children's basic habits formation by their mother's and father's parenting style and their recognition about the importance of basic habits. The participants of this study were 160 three and four-year-old children's parents. The results of this study are as follows. The parental features on children's basic habits formation were significant different by children's sex. Girls' basic habits were significant different by their mother's and father's recognition about the importance of basic habits. On the other hand, boy's basic habits were significant different by mother's and father's affectionate parenting and their recognition about the importance of basic habits. Especially, boys whose parents did not consider important their children's basic habits formed higher level of basic habits in case that their mothers showed affectionate parenting. Also, there are no significant differences in children's basic habits by autonomous parenting.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.25-39
• /
• 2013

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among co-parenting, maternal parenting stress, and preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity with a sample of 155 mothers with 3 to 4 year old children (83 boys and 72 girls) living in Seoul. They completed a questionnaire on co-parenting, maternal parenting stress, and preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity. The results were analyzed by means of correlations and regressions. Co-parenting was positively correlated with preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity but affectionate, integrated co-parenting was negatively correlated with preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity. Maternal stress of parental suffering, dysfunctional interaction, and difficult temperament were positively related to preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity. Conflicting co-parenting was positively correlated with maternal stress of parental suffering, but affectionate and integrated co-parenting was negatively correlated with maternal stress of parental suffering and difficult temperament. Furthermore, maternal parenting stress mediated the relationship between co-parenting and preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity. Especially, maternal stress of parental suffering tended to play a perfectly mediating role between conflicting and integrated co-parenting and preschoolers' anxiety, between conflicting co-parenting and preschoolers' hyperactivity. Maternal stress of difficult temperament tended to play a perfectly mediating role between integrated co-parenting and preschoolers' anxiety and between conflicting co-parenting and preschoolers' hyperactivity. These results clearly indicate that maternal parenting stress plays a crucial role in the levels of preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.141-150
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify relationship among the depression, social support and quality of sleep in elderly insomnia patients. A total of 143 patients with insomnia diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria. Quality of sleep, depression, and social support were measured using a self structured questionnaire and participant's medical records were reviewed for obtaining their clinical information. Quality of sleep was positively associated with depression(r=.255, p<.05), and negative correlation with social support(r=-.270, p<.001). The significant factors for quality of sleep were information support(${\beta}=-0.406$, p<.05) and affectionate support(${\beta}=-0.525$, p<.05). These factors explained 13.2% of the variance in quality of sleep. The elderly patients suffering the insomnia need the nursing interventions considering information support and affectionate support in order to improve sleep quality.