• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.83-90
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• 2020

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of childcare teachers' emotional labor and resilience on their burnout. The subjects were 251 childcare teachers in Metropolitan area, South Korea. Subjects' emotional labor, resilience, and burnout were measured using the self-reporting questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analyses, and analysis of multiple regression using SPSS 21.0. In the procedure of data analyses, while the total scores were used for resilience and burnout, each score of the sub-factors (natural acting, deep acting, and pretending acting) were used for emotional labor. As results, childcare teachers' natural acting, deep acting, and resilience had significantly negative correlations with burnout, but pretending acting had significantly positive correlations with it. In addition, childcere teachers' pretending acting had significantly positive effect on their burnout, and resilience had significantly negative effect on it.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2020

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of kindergarten teachers' job stress and emotional labor on their job satisfaction. The subjects were 164 kindergarten teachers in the Metropolitan area in South Korea. We measured subjects' job stress, emotional labor, and job satisfaction using the self-reporting questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation analyses, and analysis of multiple regression using SPSS 22.0. In the procedure of data analyses, while the total scores were used for job stress and job satisfaction, each score of sub-factors (natural acting, deep acting, and pretending acting) were used for emotional labor. Consequently, kindergarten teachers' job stress and pretending acting showed significantly negative correlations with job satisfaction, but natural acting had significantly positive correlation with it. In addition, kindergarten teachers' job stress and pretending acting had significantly negative effects on their job satisfaction, and natural acting had significantly positive effect on it.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• v.6
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• pp.99-105
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• 1995

External forecs acting on a pipe bend change when a transient pressure wave propagates through the bend. Analytical expressions are derived to compute the changes of these forces which depend mainly on static pressure rather than fluid momentum. This analysis reveals that the change of the vertical component of the force acting on a pipe bend with an angle larger than 90 may reverse in direction during the passage of a pressure wave through the bend.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.349-361
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• 2012

CAT(0) cubical complexes are a key to formulate geodesic spaces with nonpositive curvatures. The paper discusses the median structure of CAT90) cubical complexes. Especially, the underlying graph of a CAT(0) cubical complex is a median graph. Using the idea of median structure, this paper shows that groups acting on median complexes L(${\delta}$) groups and, in addition, work L(0) groups are closed under free product.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.303-317
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• 2017

An isometry of hyperbolic space can be written as a composition of the reflection in the isometric sphere and two Euclidean isometries on the boundary at infinity. The isometric sphere is also used to construct the Ford fundamental domains for the action of discrete groups of isometries. In this paper, we study the isometric spheres of isometries acting on hyperbolic 4-space. This is a new phenomenon which occurs in hyperbolic 4-space that the two isometric spheres of a parabolic isometry can intersect transversally. We provide one geometric way to classify isometries of hyperbolic 4-space using the isometric spheres.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 2014

Given operators X and Y acting on a separable Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$, an interpolating operator is a bounded operator A such that AX = Y. In this article, we investigate self-adjoint interpolation problems for operators in a tridiagonal algebra : Let $\mathcal{L}$ be a subspace lattice acting on a separable complex Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ and let X = ($x_{ij}$) and Y = ($y_{ij}$) be operators acting on $\mathcal{H}$. Then the following are equivalent: (1) There exists a self-adjoint operator A = ($a_{ij}$) in $Alg{\mathcal{L}}$ such that AX = Y. (2) There is a bounded real sequence {${\alpha}_n$} such that $y_{ij}={\alpha}_ix_{ij}$ for $i,j{\in}\mathbb{N}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.433-442
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to reveal the Korean learners' usage pattern of '의', the genitive particle, according to semantic classification, so that it can be referred to in determining the contents and methods of related education. The method of this study adopts a quantitative analysis using learners corpus established by National Institute of Korean Language. As a result of the analysis, as proficiency increases, the overall frequency of '의' increases and the number of meaning senses used increases. However, the frequency of errors also increases with it. As for the usage pattern of each sense, the meaning of 'ownership, belonging' is the most frequent, and followed by 'acting entity', 'kinship, social relations', and 'relationship(area)'. In conclusion, the meanings of 'acting subjects' and 'relationships(area) need to be supplemented with explicit education. Other meanings need to be discussed, and decisions should be made in consideration of learning purpose and proficiency.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.183-200
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• 2016

This study examined the mediating effect of emotional labor in the relations between teachers' emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction of novice early childhood teachers. The sample consisted of 248 novice early childhood teachers in Gyeonggi Province. The structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS to test the fit of a hypothesized structural model. The mediating effect of emotional labor was verified by the bootstrapping approach. The results were as follows: First, teacher-child interaction was positively associated with teachers' emotional intelligence and deep acting in emotional labor was negatively associated with surface acting in emotional labor. Next, surface acting in emotional labor had a mediating effect on the relations between emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction. Finally, deep acting of emotional labor had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction. Based on these findings, ways to enhance teachers' emotional intelligence in relation to the novice teachers' emotional characteristics, and to improve recognition on emotional labor were discussed.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.167-185
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of teachers' surface acting in emotional labor, emotional support from supervisor, colleagues and parents, and teachers' burnout in kindergartens and childcare centers. The subjects were 208 teachers worked in kindergartens or childcare centers in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Province. The data were analyzed by mean of hierarchial regression, using SPSS Win 15.0. The results of this study are as follows. (1) Teachers' surface acting in emotional labor was positively associated with teachers' burnout. (2) Emotional support from supervisor, colleagues and parents was negatively associated with teachers' burnout. (3) There were interactional effects between teachers' surface acting in emotional labor and supervisors' emotional support to teachers' burnout. (4) There were interactional effects between teachers' surface acting in emotional labor and parents' emotional support to teachers' burnout.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.187-201
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• 2019

This study aims to analyze the relationship among emotional labor, Job burnout, and organizational citizenship behavior(OCB) of yoga instructors. Especially, we focused on the mediating effect of job burnout between emotional labor and OCB. A total of 250 questionnaires were distributed and 221 were returned for final analysis. In order to verify the hypothesis, structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS 23.0. The results of this study were as follows: First, surface acting had a positive effect on job burnout, but deep acting had no significant effect on job burnout. Second, job burnout had a negative effect on OCB. Third, Surface acting had no effect on OCB, but deep acting had a positive effect on OCB. Last, the relationship between surface acting and OCB was perfectly mediated by job burnout, however there was no mediating effect of job burnout between deep acting and OCB.