• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2008

The embryonic and postembryonic developments of Nezara antennata Scott were observed in 5 different rearing cages such as A (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;10cm{\times}4cm$), B (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;14.5cm{\times}2.8cm$), C (Rectangle, $6.5L{\times}6.5cmW{\times}10cmH$), D (Cylindrical, ${\phi}$ 9cm in bottom & ${\phi}$ 11.5 cm in $upper{\times}10.8cm$) and E (Cylindrical, ${\phi}\;15cm{\times}7.5cm$) containing soybean and peanut seeds as food, and sponge soaked with water under laboratory condition of $24^{\circ}C$ and 15L : 9D. Hatchability ranged from 93 to 97%. Nymphal duration was shortest of 6 days in the 1st instar and longest of 10 days in the 5th instar. The nymphal duration was 38 to 39 days observed in the rearing cages. Emergence rate was in the range from 53 to 62% with highest in A and B cages. Adult longevity was 65 to 75 days for male, and 67 to 74 days for female, and was longest in the B cage. Total number of eggs laid by female adult was in the range from 51 to 56 without significant difference in the rearing cages, and was the most in the B cage. Accordingly, the reproductive rate of N. antennata for 1 generation was within 25 to 33 times, and was highest in the B rearing cage. Therefore, it could be concluded that B cage is most suitable for stable rearing of N. antennata under laboratory condition.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.319-322
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• 1998

The whole cell of alkalophilic Streptomyces sp. B-2 which produce glucose isomerase was immobilized by entrapment method for the effective production of high fructose syrup. The highest immobilized activity was achieved when the enzyme was bound to 2% $textsc{k}$-carrageenan. Immobilized glucose isomerase the pH optimum was about pH 7.5~8.5. Immobilization of alkalophilic Streptomyces sp. B-2 on 2% $textsc{k}$-carrageenan at 7$0^{\circ}C$ showed an increase in glucose isomerase activity. GI activity of immobilized cells was maximum Co2+ concentration 10-3M, Mg2+ concentration 10-3M.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2017

Alginate lyase from Streptomyces violaceoruber was purified by DEAE sephacel chromatography and SP sepharose chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 14.6 units/mg protein, representing a 40.6-fold purification of the crude extract. The final preparation thus obtained showed a single band on Tricine-SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis whose molecular weight was determined to be 23.3 kDa. The polyMG block of sodium alginate was hydrolyzed by the purified alginate lyase and then separated by activated carbon column chromatography and bio gel P-2 gel filtration. The main hydrolysates were composed of hetero type M/G-oligosaccharides with the degrees of polymerization (D.P.) being 6 and 8. To investigate the effects of hetero type M/G-oligosaccharides from the sodium alginate on the growth of some intestinal bacteria, cells were cultivated individually on the modified-MRS medium containing D.P. 6 and 8 M/G-oligosaccharides. B. longumgrew 4.25-fold and 6.44-fold more effectively by the treatment of D.P. 6 and 8 M/G-oligosaccharides compared with those of standard MRS medium. In addition, B. bifidumgrew 3.3-fold and 5.4-fold more effectively by the treatment of D.P. 6 and 8 M/G-oligosaccharides. In conclusion, D.P. 8 was more effective than D.P. 6 hetero M/G-oligosaccharides as regards the growth of Bifidobacteriumspp. and Lactobacillus spp.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.97-117
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• 2002

Chiropractic is very similar to Oriental Medicine in philosophy on the cause of diseases and in utilization of spinal articulations for diagnosis and treatment. In this paper the spinal area used to treat liver dysfunction in S.O.T. technique, one of chiropractic techniques, was compared to the acupncture points used to cure the same conditions. Because both Oriental medicine and Chiropractic are dealing with autonomic nervous system in regulating abnormal conditions, also the innervation of spinal nerves to those areas was checked. The spinal area that S.O.T. technique utilizes to correct liver dysfunction is transverse processes of T8, which corresponds to B16. Acupncture points from this level down to T12/L1, which are B16, B17, B18, B19, B20, B21, B45, B46, B47, B48, B49, B50, GV6, GV7, GV8 and GV9, all have been applied to control liver function. Apparent discrepency exists in therapeutic areas for liver malfunction between the two natural healing arts. According to the neurology texts, liver is innervated by sympathetic fibers from the 7th-10th thoracic segments and by parasympathetic fibers from vagus nerve. Sympathetic afferent nerves from the liver reach the 7th-12th thoracic spinal cord segments. It can be said all the 7th-12th thoracic spinal cord segments are related to liver function. Therefore the areas used for liver dysfunction in both natural medicine are appropriately selected. However, B16, the Oriental medical equivalent of the main spinal area which is used for lowered liver function in C.M.R.T. Technique, is not utilized as frequent as in Oriental medicine.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.546-550
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• 2014

In this research, we report all the elements are placed in the space above the patient table as a transmit coil to give optimized B1+ field for the body object. Through the simulations, we compared upper-and-lower parts combined 8 channel Tx array to upper only 8 channel Tx array and showed the utilities of B1+ shimming in multi-channel Tx body imaging at 3T. Half-cylinder shaped upper array shows weak B1+ field area around back of patient without B1+ shimming. After B1+ shimming, highly induced SAR places occurred in the arm region due to the close distance to the both end elements which were driven by very high RF current to enhance B1+ in back area. The proposed upper and lower combined array provides an enhanced homogeneous B1+ field in large ROI imaging as a result of shimming over the body size phantom. Through this research we proved the usefulness of the proposed insertional upper and lower parts combined transmit array for 3T body imaging.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.397-400
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• 2018

This paper presents a miniaturized 65 nm CMOS 30~46 GHz wideband amplifier. To minimize the chip area, coupled inductors are used in the matching networks. The measurement shows that the fabricated amplifier exhibits 9.3 dB of peak gain, 16 GHz of 3 dB bandwidth, and 42 % fractional bandwidth. The measured input and output return losses were more than 10 dB at 35.8~46.0 GHz and 28.6~37.8 GHz, respectively. The chip consumes 42 mW at 1.2 V. The measured group delay variation is 19.1 ps within the 3 dB bandwidth and the chip size excluding the pads is $0.09mm^2$.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.220-223
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• 2016

This letter proposes a low noise amplifier which has low noise figure and high linearity simultaneously using a cascode structure with an additional transistor. The proposed structure minimizes the noise source by using optimizing transistor sizes and also improves linearity from the current bleeding technique. The device was fabricated in a $0.5{\mu}m$ GaAs pHEMT process and has noise figure of 1.1 dB, a voltage gain of 15.0 dB, an $OIP_3$ of 30.8 dBm and an input/output return loss of 11.6 dB/10.4 dB from 1.8 to 2.6 GHz.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bio-durability and bone regeneration capacity of the non-cross-linked collagen membrane in rabbit calvarial defect models. Materials and Methods: Four circular defects with 8 mm diameter were made in each of calvarium of 10 male rabbits. The following groups was randomly assigned to each defect - 1) Control, 2) membrane group containing non-cross-linked collagen membrane only (M), 3) bone graft group (B), 4) bone graft with membrane group (B+M). Animals were sacrificed and samples were harvested at 2 weeks (n=5) and 8 weeks (n=5). Histologic sections were prepared and histomorphometric analysis was performed. Result: Histologic results showed well adaptation of the non-cross-linked membrane on each defect and normal healing response at 2 weeks. At 8 weeks, the membranes were partially biodegraded. Histomorphometrically, B and B+M group showed the significantly greater total augmented area (B+M group, 10.44±1.49, P=0.016; B group, 9.13±0.53, P=0.032) and new bone formation (B+M group, 2.89±0.93, P=0.008; B group, 2.85±1.15, P=0.008) compared to control group. Collapsing of the central portion of the membrane, membrane group showed greater value in new bone formation at 8 weeks (1.78±0.68, P=0.032). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the non-cross-linked collagen membrane fabricated using the improved decellularized method was shown to be effective for the regeneration of calvarial bone defects. In addition, prolonged barrier function might be provided using this collagen membrane.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.52-58
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• 2013

Two different window-structured $CuInGaSe_2$(CIGS) solar cells, i.e., CIGS/thin-CdS/ZnO:B(sample A) and CIGS/very thin-CdS/Zn(S/O)/ZnO:B(sample B), were prepared, and the diffusivity of Zn, Cd, S, and B atoms, respectively, in the CIGS, ZnO or Zn(S/O) layer was estimated by a theoretical fit to experimental secondary ion mass spectrometer data. Diffusivities of Zn, Cd, S, and B atoms in CIGS were $2.0{\times}10^{-13}(1.5{\times}10^{-13})$, $4.6{\times}10^{-13}(4.4{\times}10^{-13})$, $1.6{\times}10^{-13}(1.8{\times}10^{-13})$, and $1.2{\times}10^{-12}cm^2/s$ at 423K, respectively, where the values in parentheses were obtained from sample B and the others from sample A. The diffusivity of the B atom in a Zn(S/O) of sample B was $2.1{\times}10^{-14}cm^2/sec$. Moreover, the diffusivities of Cd and S atoms diffusing back into ZnO(sample A) or Zn(S/O)(sample A) layers were extremely low at 423K, and the estimated diffusion coefficients were $2.2{\times}10^{-15}cm^2/s$ for Cd and $3.0{\times}10^{-15}cm^2/s$ for S.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.760-764
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• 1996

The molecular geometry and vibrational frequencies of 9-fluorenone have been calculated using the Hartree-Fock and Becke-3-Lee-Yang-Parr(B3LYP) density functional methods with 6-31G* basis set. Harmonic vibrational frequencies obtained from the B3LYP calculation show good agreement with the available experimental data. A few vibrational fundamentals are newly assigned based on the B3LYP results. The B3LYP calculation is reconfirmed to be useful in the assignment of the fundamental vibrational frequencies.