• Applied Microscopy
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.365-371
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• 2009

This study was investigated to observe morphological changes of two pre-astronauts' hair, male and female by electron microscopy and to analyze its tensile strength by using rheometer. The surface of those two pre-astronauts' hair, which were very rough and irregular, contained separated scales and destroyed remnants of cuticular cells. Also, there were many holes on the cytoplasm of the cuticular cells which forms the cuticle layer. The destruction begins when the endocuticle where the holes form gets destroyed. And then, The tensile strength of female pre-astronaut's hair was 14.60 mm which is 10% reduced, compared to that of the normal healthy hair. Thus, this result thought to be due to the prolonged change of the biorhythm and psychological instability of the pre-astronauts.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.429-438
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• 2018

This study analyzed the fit-zone of the neck for females in their 60s. We considered the standard body types of females in their 60s and the four body types from the sixth Size Korea. The results of the study were as follows. We could not determine a pattern formula for the neck based on the changes in the body type of females in their 60s. However, the position of the lateral neck point generally showed a significant difference from that of females in their 20s. In the case of the shoulder angle, the point of the shoulder was angled slightly towards the back in all body types. It was also found that the curve of the neck circumference for both the collar and the bodice should have been smoother than what was shown on the 3D shape. The larger the height difference between the point of the back of the neck and the lateral neck point in the 3D shape, the smoother the design should be at the curve of the circumference at the front of the neck. A larger curvature in the front radius of the 3D shape increased the difference in the shape of the curve between the collar and the basic pattern of the bodice. Hence, a more careful design is required for these parts of the pattern. In addition, the more the front neck is bent, the smoother the circumference curve should be in the pattern design at the front of the neck and the collar.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.20
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• pp.73-82
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• 1993

The Purpose of this study was to identify the constructing factors of female suit image. The questionnaire consisted of 69 words expressing suit image were developed, and six suit slides were selected for stimulus. Sixty-eight female university students majored in clothing and textiles were responded to each sledes, and then factor analysis was conducted. Six factors, such as attractiveness, peculiarity, grace, femininity, youthfullness, and comfort were found out as constructing factors of suit image(total vari-ance 60.5%) by the principal component analysis. The attractiveness factor which explained the largest variance included words such as countrified, refinement, and beautiful. Peculiarity factor included words such as peculiar, bold, complex, and decorative. Grace factor included words such as classic, grace, and elegant. Femininity factor included such as masculine, feminine, soft, and dressy. Youthfullness factor included words such as youth, bright, and charming. And comfort factor included words such as casual, comfort-able, active, and natural. The Cronbach's $\alpha$of the each factors were. 78~92.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.125-139
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• 2009

Objective : This study was performed in order to provide basic data for halitosis prevention and establish a device to efficiently eliminate halitosis and to analyze the factors that affect the halitosis. Methods : Oral examination on the Gingival index, CPITN, Tongue Plaque index, and OHI-S as well as halitosis measurement among 293 rural residents. Results : Gingival index was high at mild on female and at moderate on male(p=0.025). Sorting the result by age, mild was 54.1% in the 40s, and moderate was 49.5%, 42.0% and 70.0% each in the 50s, 60s, and the 70s(p=0.005). The need for dental plaque management was 100%. The need for scaling was high with 78.3%, 93.0%, 89.9%, and 90.0% each for the 40s, 50s, 60s, and 70s. The need for complex periodontal treatment was also high with 32.4%, 47.5%, 48.7% and 60.0%, each for the 40s, 50s, 60s, and 70s(p=0.050). The highest bad condition for OHI-S was 69.5%, and good being 18.9%, and very bad being 11.6%. For moderate tongue plaque index was 74.4% as the highest. As the level of education increased, the slight tongue plague was increased, but in contrast, the moderate and higher tongue plague index was decreased(p=0.010). OG under 50ppm was 61.1% on male and OG over 50ppm was 50.9% on female(p=0.041). In OG over 50ppm, CPITN was 52.1% and 41.9% in scaling and complex periodontal treatment group(p=0.018). OHI-S, in bad and very bad condition with OG, over 50ppm, was 48.7% and 46.9%(p=0.019). The higher tongue plague index showed significant amount of increase at OG and EG above 50ppm(p=0.006). $NH_3$, as the tongue plaque index increased, the wider range of distribution was shown(p=0.000). As for the multiple regression analysis result, there have been selected females and tongue plaque index as factors affecting OG. There have been selected age and tongue plaque index as factors affecting EG and there have been selected females as factors affecting on $NH_3$. Conclusions : With the aforementioned results in mind, the status of halitosis among rural residents is considered to bare a close relation with oral environments. we have to focus on correct tooth brushing methods and tongue brushing, with using tongue cleaner to remove fur of tongue plaque. Also, in order to analyze exactly the factors of individual halitosis, we need continuous and systematic study.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1151-1157
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to investigate the iron nutritional status and anemia of university female students. Seventy female subjects in Ulsan city were evaluated with questionnaire, measurement of hematological indices. The mean height and weight of 70 subjects were 160.76±0.48cm, 52.80±0.72kg and BMI(body mass index: kg/m2), %IBW(ideal body weight) were 21.0±0.29, 100.2±12.41. The mean values of hemoglobin(Hgb), hematocrit(Hct), serum iron(S Fe), serum ferritin(SF), TIBC(total iron binding capacity), transferrin saturation(TS(%)) and RBC were 12.7±11.10g/dl, 39.0± 2.61%, 96.9±41.98 g/dl, 28.9±24.78 g/dl, 369.6±54.36 g/dl, 27.1±12.40% and 4.4± 0.27(106/mm3), respectively. Iron deficiency anemia among the subjects was estimated as 15.7% by using Hgb(<12g/dl), 11.4% by Hct(<36%), 22.9% by S Fe(<60 g/dl), 34.3% by SF(<15 g/dl), 48.6% by TIBC(>360 g/dl) and 20.0% by TS(%)(<15%). 15 subjective symptoms were measured and the high prevalence symptoms were 'cold hands and feet' and 'tired out easily'. The correlation between hemotological indices and subjective symptoms was evaluated. The hemoglobin level was negatively correlated with 'cold hands and feet', 'short breath when climbing', 'fragile nail', 'inflammed inner mouth', 'pale face' and 'scaly tetter'.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.11.1-11.5
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• 2011

The MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) volumetric analysis of the brain was performed in 59 healthy elderly Koreans (aged 62-76 years; 34 male, 25 female) to investigate whether the previously reported significant correlations between body height and brain volumes in the young aged Koreans (20's) still exist in the old aged Koreans (60's and 70's). Unlike previously reported significant correlations in the young aged Koreans, neither the correlation between whole brain volume and body height in male nor the correlation between cerebellar volume and body height in female show any significance in the old aged Koreans. The significant correlation between body height and whole brain volume was still observed when both male and female data were combined (r=0.27, P<0.05), but the correlation coef-ficient and the level of significance markedly decreased from those of previously reported Korean youth data (r=0.67, P<0.01). Simple linear regression analysis shows decrease of explanatory power of height (measured in $r^2$) from 44% in the youth group to 7% in the old age group on the variance of whole brain volume. Multiple linear regression analysis shows that age and sex, rather than height, are major explanatory variables for whole brain volume in the old aged Koreans. The loss of correlations in the aged group is suspected to be mainly due to age related brain volume changes.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.301-307
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• 1996

This study was carried out to produce twin calves by embryo transfer in Hanwoo and investigate the pregnancy and twin rate by recipient's conditions. All recipients were bred at estrus by artificial insemination with Hanwoo semen and then transfered an additional embryo produced in vivo or in vitro to tbe uterine horn contralateral to the corpus luteum on Day 7. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. The pregnancy rate was higher in young recipients of 3 years (68.8%) than in old ones of 10 years and greater(36.4%). And for CL size pregnancy rate was 57.9, 45.4 and 60.1% in large, medium and small size of CL of recipients, respectively. 2. 447recipients were transferred an additional embryos at 7th day after Al and average pregnancy rate was 57.5% and twin production rate was 22.2%. 3. Average pregnancy and twin production rate by direct transfer methods of frozenthawed IVF embryos was 56.0 and 16.7%. 4. The ratio of male to female twin in a total of 55 twin pairs was 54.6%, and average gestation lengths of male to female and female to female twin were 280.6$\pm$5.4 and 279.715.4 days, respectively. Average birth weight of twins was beavior in male and male twin(23.2i5.8kg) than in male and female twin(20.5$\pm$2.6kg).

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of auricular acupressure therapy on smoking cessation for female university students. Method. The research design was a nonequivalent control group nonsynchronized design. Subjects were 60 (Experimental: 30, Control: 30) smoking female university students. The measuring tools were the number of cigarettes smoked per day, dependency on nicotine, and need for smoking. Auricular acupressure therapy, an experimental treatment, was applied 3 times a day, 2 days a week, for 2 weeks. Data was collected from March 2006 to October 2006. Data was analyzed using the SPSS PC+ 12 version. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, $x^2$-test, and Fisher's exact test were used for each aim of this study. Result: The number of cigarettes smoked per day (t=8.63, p=.00), dependency on nicotine (t=18.15, p=.00), and need for smoking (t=14.23, p=.00) significantly decreased in the experimental group by application of auricular acupressure therapy. Conclusion: Auricular acupressure therapy can be a better effective primary nursing intervention on smoking cessation for female university students shown through studies of repetition.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.153-164
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• 2003

For this study, 148 female adults between the ages of 20 and 60 who satisfied the plus-size judgment criteria took part in this study. Criteria were Rohrer index is higher than 1.5, bust girth larger than 90cm, and RBW(relative body weight) index higher than 110. Using anthropometric measurement values, indirect measurement values, and index values, this study analyzed frequencies, Duncan multiple range, and ANOVA to obtain information on characteristics that determine a representative body shape, by age, 1'3r Plus-sized women. The results are as follows: Physical Characteristics of Pius-Sized Women by Their Age: Women in their 20s md 30s had broader shoulders with smaller waists, with large buttocks and thighs. Among women in their 50s and 60s, body fat level increased significantly in regions such as the chest and abdomen, which made their upper body heavier.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.87-94
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of ear acupressure therapy on premenstrual syndrome of the female college students. This research design of our study was a quasi-experimental design. Out of the 27 female college students, 13 were assigned to the experimental group and 14 to the control group. The data was obtained over 3 months from K college located in G city. The use of instrument to assess the premenstrual syndrome is Keele's VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) with the opening records. The subject of the experimental group received the ear acupressure therapy for 3 times for 60 days and the other control group did not get the ear acupressure therapy treatment. We analysed the data and extracted the values of percentage, mean, standard deviation, $x^2$-test, t-test, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ using SPSS program. The VAS score of the premenstrual syndromes before the ear acupressure therapy was 7.3(experimental group), 7.46(control group) but after the ear acupressure therapy, the VAS score of the premenstrual syndromes was 3.36(experimental group), 7.17(control group). The result of this study reveals that the ear acupressure therapy was effective in improving the symptoms of the female college students who had the premenstrual syndromes.