• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.255-265
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• 2008

Purpose: The principal objective of this study was to assess the topics and research methods of smoking-related research and to suggest future research directions. Methods: The subjects of this study were smoking research articles supported by the National Health Promotion Funds from 1998 to 2007. A total of 41 articles were selected and analyzed from 1999 to 2005 using the frameworks such as topics, subjects contents, subjects, research field, and research design. Results: The most frequent topic of smoking-related research was the development & evaluation of educational programs for smoking prevention and smoking cessation (34.1%). The majority of the research subjects were adults (42.2%) and adolescents (35.9%). 31.7% of the total research researches was conducted at the nationwide population level. The most popular research design was the descriptive study (36.6%) in the non-experimental studies and nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design(19.5%) in the experimental study studies. Conclusion: The topics of smoking research should be planned under governmental strategies for decreasing to a 30% reduction in of smoking rates, as established in the 2010 Health Plan. With regard to the methodological aspects, longitudinal and nationwide research was first required so that we could plan an evidence-based program for smoking prevention and smoking cessation.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.1023-1032
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify nicotine dependence, smoking-related attitude, and subjective norms across the stages of change for smoking cessation among adult smokers in a rural area. Method: The subjects were 276 current smokers (male=243, female=33). There were 3 stages of change for smoking cessation: pre-contemplation, contemplation, and preparation stage. Data was collected by an interview or self-reporting from February 12th to March 5th 2004, and analyzed with frequency, percentage, $X^2-test$, Fisher's exact probability test, ANOVA, and Scheffe test using the SPSS-PC program. Result: According to the stages of change, 114(41.3%) current smokers were in pre-contemplation, 110(39.9%) in contemplation, and 52(18.8%) in the preparation stage. There was a higher percentage of males than females ($X^2-test$=8.99, p=.011) in the preparation stage. The mean score of the smoking-related attitude (F:7.43, p=.001) and subjective norm(F=27.41, p=.001) were both lowest in the pre-contemplation stage and increased positively during the stages of change for smoking cessation. Conclusion: Based on these findings, the authors recommend that community-based smoking cessation programs should be developed by considering the intention or motives of current smokers and should be initiated in the preparation stage and primarily for male groups.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.3619-3623
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• 2013

Background: The scientific evidence relating to the burden of oral diseases attributable to tobacco use has been reviewed and the need for a well-structured dental teaching program concentrating on oral cancer education and tobacco cessation interventions has been emphasized. The aim of our study was to evaluate the awareness of oral cancer and perception of tobacco use cessation counseling among dental students at all study levels in India, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Materials and Methods: A structured, pre-tested, self-administered 15-item questionnaire was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey. Data analyses including percentages, frequency distributions and tests of chi-square were generated. Results: A total of 621 (97.6%) Indian, 493 (96.5%) Saudi, 194 (96.5%) Yemeni and 187 (98.4%) United Arab Emirates respondents recognized the association between oral cancer and cigarette smoking. Although more than 96% of the students surveyed recognized the association between oral cancer and cigarette smoking and about 55% reported cigarette smoking as one of the etiological factors of oral cancer, more than 66% of students who reported cigarette smoking as an etiological factor of oral cancer disagreed/strongly disagreed with all the statements concerning tobacco use cessation. Conclusions: A higher level of oral cancer awareness did not have a positive impact on the perception of tobacco use cessation counseling among the sample surveyed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1265-1278
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• 2000

This study was carried out to assess the perception of decisional balance of Korean subjects about 4 health behaviors and to identify the influencing factor of decisional balance for exercise acquisition, smoking cessation, mammography screening and Kegel's exercise acquisition. All are representative health behaviors nurses can intervene in Korea based on the Transtheoretical model. Convenient samples of 2,484 subjects (191; exercise, 169; smoking cessation, 1903; mammography screening and 221; Kegel's exercise) were selected from cities and counties over 9 provinces throughout Korea, and the data was collected from January 1, 1999 to February 29, 2000. The research instrument were the Decisional Balance Measure for Exercise (Marcus & Owen., 1992), Smoking Cessation (Velicer et al., 1985), Mammography Screening (Rakowski et al.,1992) and Kegel Exercise (Lim, 1999) and Stage of Change Measure for Exercise (Marcus et al, 1992), Smoking Cessation (DiClemente et al., 1991), Mammography Screening (Rakowski et al.,1992) and Kegel's Exercise (Lim, 1999). The data was analyzed by the SAS Program. The results are as follows; 1. According to the stage of change measure, 2,484 subjects were distributed in each stage of change for four health behaviors: 1,233 subjects (49.8%), 745 subjects (30.2%), 113 subjects (4.7%), 156 subjects (6.5%), and 216 (8.7%) belonged to the pre- contemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage and maintenance stage. They were all series of stages of change in their efforts to do health behavior. 2. Factor analysis identified 3 factors (1 of Pros, 2 of Cons) for the exercise, 4 factors for smoking cessation (2 of Pros, 2 of Cons), 2 factors (1 of Pros, 1 of Cons) for the mammogram screening and 2 factors (1 of Pros, 1 of Cons) for Kegel's exercise of decisional balance. 3. The analysis of variance and multiple comparison analysis showed that for all 4 samples, the Cons of changing the problem behaviors outweighed the Pros for subjects who were in the pre- contemplation stage, The opposite was true for subjects in action and maintenance stage. 4. Through the discriminant analysis, it was found that one factor of Pros for exercise, one factor of Cons for smoking cessation, 1 factor of Cons for mammogram screening and one factor of Cons for Kegel's exercise were the more influencing factors, than others in discriminating the stages of change. Results are consistent with the applications of the Transtheoretical model, which have been used to understand how people change health behaviors. This results provide some evidence that subject's report of his/her health behavior corresponds to beliefs about usefulness of related health behaviors. The results of this study have implications for patients' health education and health intervention strategies. The findings of this study give useful information for nursing educators for 4 health behaviors, especially the factors relating to decision making in the different stages of change.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.446-457
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 청소년 남학생 흡연과 가족구성원의 흡연의 관련성을 분석하기 위함이다. '제14차(2018년) 청소년건강행태조사'에 응답한 27,276명을 이용하여 빈도분석, 교차분석, 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 남학생 중 비흡연율은 91.5%, 흡연율은 8.5%(가끔 흡연함 2.5%, 자주 흡연함 6.0%)이다. 연구결과, 가족구성원의 흡연자 수에 따른 남학생의 흡연 상태는 유의한 차이가 있다(p<0.001). 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 흡연은 학년, 학업성적, 경제상태, 아버지 학력, 어머니 학력에서 유의한 차이가 있고(p<0.001), 건강행태관련 특성에 따른 흡연은 음주 정도, 자살 생각률, 우울감 경험률, 스트레스 정도, 아침식사 빈도, 수면 후 피로회복 정도, 주관적 건강 인지 정도에서 유의한 차이가 있다(p<0.001). 남학생의 흡연가능성은 가족구성원 흡연자가 1명일 때보다 가족구성원 흡연자가 2명이상일 때 더 높다(p<0.001). 본 연구의 의의는 남학생 흡연이 가족구성원 흡연상태에 따라 영향을 받는다는 것을 확인하였으며 이러한 연구결과는 청소년 흡연의 예방 및 금연사업을 구성할 때 가족 흡연자의 금연 사업을 병행하여 설계한다면 좋은 효과를 거둘 수 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국보건교육건강증진학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 자료집
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• pp.44-44
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• 2007

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• 재활간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.88-97
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of auricular acupressure therapy on decreasing smoking rates, desire for smoking, and exhaled carbon monoxide in male college students. Methods: The quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in this study. The participants (n=56) were assigned to the experimental group (n=29) that received auricular acupressure therapy or the control group (n=27) that received placebo therapy. The therapy was applied for 5 days followed by 1 or 2 days of rest. The therapy was repeated 2 times. To identify the effect of the experimental treatments, assessments of smoking rates, desire for smoking and exhaled carbon monoxide were measured. Data were analyzed using $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and Repeated measure ANOVA with the SPSS version 21.0 program. Results: The experimental group showed significantly lower smoking rates (t=6.60, p<.001), desire for smoking (t=3.37, p=.002) and exhaled carbon monoxide levels (t=6.22, p<.001) after application of the therapy. Significant group${\times}$time interaction effect was found in exhaled carbon monoxide levels between the experimental group and the control group (F=8.73, p=.001). Conclusion: Auricular acupressure therapy was considered to likely be useful as a therapeutic intervention for smoking cessation in male young adults.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.77-90
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the conditions and problems of anti-smoking education programs in government office for civil servants. A mail-in survey was carried out for the chief of the general affairs of 248 government offices. 1. There were 154 responses to the surveys. Only 34 governmental offices have carried out anti-smoking education programs for civil servants. 2. Only one office has a department to supervise and anti-smoking program. 17 offices have 1 worker and thirteen offices have no manpower to supervise anti-smoking program. 3. Only eight offices have budgeted for anti-smoking programs. The average budget was 3,750,000 Won. Expected budget for smoking cessation program was 7,500,000 Won. 4. 25 offices have an anti-smoking lecture program for civil servants. Only five offices have an anti-smoking counseling for smokers. 5. Only seven surveys responded that civil servants had a positive response to anti-smoking programs. 6. The most important problem of anti-smoking programs in governmental offices was the lack of concern of civil servants. Governmental offices have to provide the greatest administrative services and services concerning the quality of life for citizens. Anti-smoking education programs in governmental offices for civil servants was the beginning of an activity of the services concerning the quality of life for citizens. Governmental offices have to actively implement anti-smoking programs for civil servants.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2002

This study was aimed at identifying on the state and knowledge toward smoking and passive smoking in middle school students. The data were collected from 6th. to 18th. August, 2001. Subject were 125 middle school students who were participated in the Smoking Cessation Program of S Health Agency in Busan. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS program for frequency, percent, mean, and chi-square test. The smoking related state and attitude of subjects were as follows; the nurmber of the smoking students are 10(8.0 %) at present, 19(15.2 %) at past experience, 53(42.4 %) having at present smoking friends, 73(58.4 %) having at present smoking family. Also the smoking starting time of present or past smoking experience was the middle school; 12(9.6 %) and elementary school; 11(8.8 %). They started because of the peer group members; 12(9.6 %), curiosity; 8(6.4 %), and looking good; 7(5.6 %). The passive smoking related state and attitude of subjects were as follows; the number of the passive smoking aware rates are very well level; 71(56.8 %), well level; 54(43.2 %). The exposed experience to passive smoking was always; 38(30.4 %), sometimes; 86(68.8 %), not experience; 1(0.8 5). The place of exposure to passive smoking was game rooms; 67(53.6 %), house; 30(24.0 %), fast food place or cafeteria; 10(8.0 %), and street or in a vehicle ; 3(2.4 %). The main smoker to passive smoking exposure was unknown person; 61(48.8 %), grand parents or parents; 43(34.4 %), brothers or friends; 8(6.4 %), teachers; 4(3.2 %). The chief complant of passive smoking exposure was dyspnea; 36(28.8 %), coughing; 34(27.2 5), dizziness; 21(16.8 %), no symptom; 18(14.4 %). The mostly affected smoker to passive smoking exposure was parents; 52(41.6 %), brothers or friends; 48(38.4 %). The health affected perception to passive smoking exposure was very affected; 109(87.2 %), not affected; 3(2.4 %). In conclusion, it can be well recognized that considerable number of middle school students is exposed to the passive smoking in their homes and by unknown persons, but, their knowledge and attitude toward the exposure to passive smoking is not effective. Therefore, it is hoped that regular smoking education program at school and restriction campaign in home and the public place is necessary.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2009

치과종사자의 금연에 대한 태도, 금연지도활동의 실태, 금연지도활동의 장애요인에 대한 자료를 조사 분석하여 금연지도활동을 확대하는데 필요한 자료를 얻기 위하여 강원도 원주시 구강보건지료기관에 근무하는 치과의사, 치과위생사, 간호조무사, 치과코디네이터를 대상으로 하여 설문조사법을 적용하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 치과종사자의 금연에 대한 태도점수의 평균 6점 만점에서 5.18점(${\pm}1.21$)으로 비교적 금연에 대해 긍정적인 태도를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 2. 치과종사자의 금연지도활동 점수의 평균은 12점 만점에서 6.67점(${\pm}1.85$)으로 비교적 낮게 나타났다. 3. 금연지도활동의 장애요인으로는 금연문제를 거론하기가 힘들다는 응답이 42.3%로 가장 큰 장애요인으로 나타났다. 4. 치과종사자의 금연지도활동 점수와 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보인 변수는 금연에 대한 태도, 연령, 금여권유 시, 금연 가능성에 대한 인식이었다. 이상의 결과로부터 구강건강관리인력의 금연지도활동에 대한 자기효능감을 높이기 위해 정규교과과정이나 보수교육 프로그램의 개발을 통행 지속적으로 금연지도활동에 대한 이론 및 기술교육을 통해 제공해야 하며, 금연중재 프로그램의 적용과 관련하여 프로그램의 효과를 평가할 수 있는 연구가 필요하다.