• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2019

최근 3D 이미지 스캔(image scan) 작업을 통해 획득한 3D 포인트 클라우드(point cloud)를 활용하는 사례가 점차 많아지고 있다. 특히, 도시나 건물 차원의 실내/실외, 기계 플랜트 등 3D 공간정보 콘텐츠를 활용한 서비스 개발 필요성이 증가하면서, 3D 이미지 스캔 기술의 수요가 급격히 늘고 있다. 기존의 3D 이미지 스캔 방법을 사용하는 경우, 이미지 스캔 작업은 노동집약적인 수작업으로 진행되는 것이 일반적이다. 따라서, 사용자가 복잡한 설비로 이루어진 공간을 스캐닝 할 때나, 사용자가 내부로 진입하기 어려운 좁은 공간을 스캐닝하기에는 어려움이 있으며, 결과적으로 그림자 영역 문제로 인한 품질 저하 문제를 발생시킨다. 본 연구는 사람이 진입하기 어려운 영역에 스캐너가 장착된 로버를 활용해 이미지 스캔을 하는 방법을 제안한다. 스캔 경로를 정확히 제어하기 위해, 로버 이동 규칙 정의 기반 3D 이미지 원격 스캔 자동화 방법을 기술한다. 이 방법을 통해, 사용자는 로버의 스캔 경로를 규칙 기반으로 정의함으로써 3D 스캔 계획을 자동화할 수 있다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2016

Recently, for the purpose of maintenance of facilities and energy, there have been growing cases of the 3D image scan-based reverse design technology mostly in the manufacturing field. In the MEP field, because of differences between design and physical model, the reverse technology has been utilized in factory facilities such as a semiconductor factory. Because 3D point clouds from scanning include accurate 3D object information, the efficiency of management works related to the complex MEP facilities can be enhanced. In this study, the reverse technology was surveyed, and the MEP facility management based on 3D image scanning was analyzed. Based on the results, a method of 3D image scan-based MEP facility management was proposed.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1634-1637
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• 2003

Any given object on the motor-driven turntable is pictured from 8 to 72 different views with a digital camera. 3D shape reconstruction is performed with the integrated software called by Scanware from these multiple digital photographs. There are several steps such as configuration, calibration, capturing, segmentation, shape creation, texturing and merging process during the shape reconstruction process. 3D geometry data can be exported to cad data such as Autocad input file. Also 3D image model is generated from 3D geometry and texture data, and is used to advertise the model in the internet environment. Consumers can see the object realistically from wanted views by rotating or zooming in the internet browsers with Scanbull spx plug-in. The spx format allows a compact saving of 3D objects to handle or download. There are many types of scan equipments such as laser scanners and photogrammetric scanners. Line or point scan methods by laser can generate precise 3D geometry but cannot obtain color textures in general. Reversely, 3D image modeling with photogrammetry can generate not only geometries but also textures from associated polygons. We got various 3D image models and introduced the process of getting 3D image model of an internet-connected watchdog robot.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2017

일반적으로 특수영상 및 3D 애니메이션 제작에서 캐릭터와 배경을 3D 모델링을 할 때 MAYA나 3DS MAX 등의 3D 프로그램을 사용하여 제작한다. 그러나 이러한 제작방식은 작업 시간이 많이 소요될 뿐만 아니라 고비용이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 2D 포토스캔 제작기술을 활용한 3D 모델링 제작방법의 우수성과 효율성을 증명하기 위하여 두 가지 실험을 하였다. 첫 번째, 동일한 오브젝트를 다양한 방법으로 모델링을 하였다. 두 번째, 동일한 백그라운드를 각기 다른 방법을 이용하여 모델링을 하였다. 이 두 가지 실험을 통하여 효과적인 2D 포토스캔 제작방법으로 모델링 시 유의해야할 사항과 제작기술 등을 제시하였다. 또한 실험에 따른 결과물을 바탕으로 2D 포토스캔 모델링 제작방법의 효율성과 우수성을 증명하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.299-311
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a method for measuring breast size from three-dimensional (3D) body scan image data. Background: Previous bra studies established reference points by directly contacting the subject's naked skin to determine the boundary of the breast. But some subjects were uncomfortable with these types of measurements. This study examined noncontact methods of extracting breast reference points from 3D body scan data that were collected while subjects were wearing standardized soft bras. Method: 3D body scan data of 32 Korean women were analyzed. The subjects were selected from the Size Korea 2010 study. The breast landmarks were identified by graphic analyses of slicing contour lines on 3D body scan data. Results: Three methods determining bra cup size were compared. The M1 and M2 methods determined cup size by calculating the difference between bust girth and under-bust girth. The M3 method determined bra cup size by measuring breast arc length. Conclusion: The researchers proposed an anthropometric bra cup sizing system with the breast arc length (M3 method). It was measured from the geometrically defined landmarks on the 3D body scan slicing contour lines. The new bra cup size was highly correlated with breast depth. Application: The noncontact measuring method used in this study can be applied to the ergonomic studies measuring sensitive body parts.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 영상분할기법을 이용한 스캔라인기법에 기초하여 영역 이미지의 새로운 에지 결합방식을 제시한다. 본 논문에서 제시한 기존 알고리즘은 3차원 영상을 2차원 영상으로 적용하는 과정에서 깊이의 정보, 조명등의 영향으로 심한 잡음이 발생하여 이로 인해 정밀측정에 많은 어려움이 있었다. 기존의 스캔라인기법은 광원에 의해 직선추출의 형상인식에서만 활용하였으나 이를 원호에 적용 정밀측정 하였다. 본 연구로 인한 오프라인(Off-line)의 검사방식을 온라인(On-line) 방식에서도 정밀측정이 가능함을 입증하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.251-263
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• 2022

이 논문은 ScanSAR 영상화에 대한 새로운 아이디어를 소개한다. 버스트(Burst) 모드로 신호를 획득하는 ScanSAR의 전통적인 영상화는 버스트 간 영상을 연결하는 Azimuth stitching이 필요하여, 이 과정은 방사왜곡 및 위상왜곡을 유발한다. 전통적인 SPECAN 방법 대신 이 논문에서는 시간영역 교차상관을 이용하여 Azimuth stitching 과정 없이 영상화가 가능한 새로운 방법을 소개한다. 이 방법의 핵심 아이디어는 기준함수 밴드폭을 적절히 확장하여 시간영역 교차상관을 수행하면 Azimuth stitching 없이도 영상화가 가능하다는 점이다. 이 방법을 실제 위성 원시신호에 적용하여 영상 전 구간에서 영상품질과 방사왜곡 관점에서 우수한 성능을 검증하였다. 버스트 모드를 기반으로 하는 ScanSAR는 영상품질(3 dB 해상도, peak-to-sidelobe ratio (PSLR), 압축률, Speckle 잡음 등)은 모든 품질지표에서 도플러 주파수 전 영역 신호를 이용하는 Stripmap에 비해 낮을 수밖에 없다. 그러나, 각 활용분야 및 기술에 따라 선정된 특정 영상 품질지표 만을 개선할 수 있는 방법은 다양하다. 따라서 ScanSAR 영상화는 모든 활용분야에 획일적인 방법에 의한 영상화보다는, 각 활용에 따라 요구되는 품질지표 우선순위에 따라 최적화할 수 있는 영상화 방법을 적용하는 차별화 전략이 요구된다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2022

PURPOSE. This study investigated the accuracy of full-arch intraoral scans obtained by various scan strategies with the segmental scan and merge methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Seventy intraoral scans (seven scans per group) were performed using 10 scan strategies that differed in the segmental scan (1, 2, or 3 segments) and the scanning motion (straight, zigzag, or combined). The three-dimensional (3D) geometric accuracy of scan images was evaluated by comparison with a reference image in an image analysis software program, in terms of the arch shape discrepancies. Measurement parameters were the intermolar distance, interpremolar distance, anteroposterior distance, and global surface deviation. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significance difference post hoc tests were carried out to compare differences among the scan strategy groups (α = .05). RESULTS. The linear discrepancy values of intraoral scans were not different among scan strategies performed with the single scan and segmental scan methods. In general, differences in the scan motion did not show different accuracies, except for the intermolar distance measured under the scan conditions of a 3-segmental scan and zigzag motion. The global surface deviations were not different among all scan strategies. CONCLUSION. The segmental scan and merge methods using two scan parts appear to be reliable as an alternative to the single scan method for full-arch intraoral scans. When three segmental scans are involved, the accuracy of complete arch scan can be negatively affected.

• 복식
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2007

Somatotype is human body shape and physique type which can be classified not only by the size, but also by the shape or posture of the body. Postural variations in the alignment of the back, shoulder, and neck can have an adverse effect on the fit of garments designed to hang from the shoulders. There have been some previous studies about the lateral upper torso by analyzing photographic measurements. In this study, 3D body scan images were used to classify the side somatotype of upper lateral method even though they are major data in the classification of upper torso. This study focused on following objective.; 1) To apply new and developing technology into the apparel industry analyzing 3D body scan images. 2) To classify upper laterla torso using the data through the new improver technology, 3D body scanner. 3) To propose basic materials for well fitted garments for each type of figure. The test subjects for this study were two hundreds nine female aged 19 years and up who were recruited in Cornell university body scan research team. Seventeen Variables(12 angles, 5 lengths) out of 3D body scan data were measured based on these landmarks and applied to analyze. The result of factor analysis indicated that 6 factors were extracted through factor analysis and orthogonal rotation by the method of Varimax and those factors comprise 62.5% of total variance. And the somatotype of upper body is classified into 3 types of figures according to cluster analysis; Bent forward posture, Straight posture, Swayback posture. Future study could be addressed about the somatotype of body by the age group based on the large database with wide variety of age.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different implant computer software on the accuracy of image registration between radiographic and optical scan data. Materials and Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography and optical scan data of a partially edentulous jaw were collected and transferred to three different computer softwares: Blue Sky Plan (Blue Sky Bio), Implant Studio (3M Shape), and Geomagic DesignX (3D systems). In each software, the two image sets were aligned using a point-based automatic image registration algorithm. Image matching error was evaluated by measuring the linear discrepancies between the two images at the anterior and posterior area in the direction of the x-, y-, and z-axes. Kruskal-Wallis test and a post hoc Mann-Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analyses. The significance level was set at 0.05. Result: Overall discrepancy values ranged from 0.08 to 0.30 ㎛. The image registration accuracy among the software was significantly different in the x- and z-axes (P=0.009 and <0.001, respectively), but not different in the y-axis (P=0.064). Conclusion: The image registration accuracy performed by a point-based automatic image matching could be different depending on the computer software used.