• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

This study was conducted to analyze recognition, applicability, class satisfaction, and needs as well as students' attitudes for eating behavior by 1st and 3rd graders of a mixed middle school located in Gyeonggi area in relation to food and nutrition section of the Technology and Home Economics curriculum and thereby provide basic data for development of strategies of educational effect maximization of food and nutrition in the curriculum. 522 questionnaire were collected and statistically processed. Findings from this study are as follows. Both 1st and 3rd graders were found to exhibit relatively low preference for technology and home economics curriculum. While 1st graders were more interested in the subject than 3rd graders, the frequency of practical use of the food and nutrition section in every day life was higher in 3rd graders than that in 1st graders. For food and nutrition section of the subject, preference level of the 1st graders was higher than 3rd graders. The 1st graders were higher than 3rd graders in the needs for food and nutrition section as well as in usefulness in every day life of the unit. The applicability in every day life of the unit was found to be generally higher, with 1st graders having a higher level of applicability than 3rd graders (p<0.001). Class satisfaction of the unit was higher in 1st graders than 3rd graders, with the most satisfactory unit being 'basics and practice of cooking' both for 1st and 3rd graders. Needs for food and nutrition unit were higher in 1st graders than 3rd graders, with the unit highly needed being 'basics and practice of cooking' both for 1st and 3rd graders. Regarding interrelation of the degree of preference, need, applicability and class satisfaction, as the preference was high on food and nutrition, the degree of need, applicability, and class satisfaction was high. As respondents recognized food nutrition section necessary, they were more satisfied and showed high applicability for the section. Therefore, contents of food and nutrition section should be improved with re-organization of educational and subject contents so that they will be best fit for students by grade, to increase preference, applicability and necessity in every life. In addition, to maximize the applicability of the subject in everyday life, sufficient class-time should be assigned for the purpose of experiment- and practice-based education, and a wide range of teaching strategies are needed to increase students' interest in the subject.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.381-385
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• 2007

Purpose : Traditional herbal medicines may be overused in Korea. Expenditures and inaccuracies of hospital prescription are increasing gradually. So we investigated the frequency and nature of herbal medicine use among elementary school pupils. Methods : We interviewed students of three elementary schools located in Gwangju with survey papers. We analyzed 905 returned surveys. Results : They consisted of 421 males and 484 females. Five hundred ninety (65.2 percent) of pupils who have taken herbal medicines since birth. First grade made up 74.1 percent, 2nd grade 63.0 percent, 3rd grade 64.8 percent, 4th grade 63.3 percent, 5th grade 65.5 percent, and sixth grade 61.9 percent, respectively. The mean frequency of herbal medicine use was 3.2 times. 6th grade was 3.3 times, 5th grade 3.9 times, 4th grade 3.7 times, 3rd grade 2.7 times, 2nd grade 2.7 times, and 1st grade 2.6 times, respectively. The mean cost of herbal medicine use was from 50,00-100,000 won. The mean age of pupils who took their 1st herbal medicine was 55 months, 6th grade 67 months, 5th grade 58 months, 4th grade 54 months, 3rd grade 55 months, 2nd grade 51 months, and 1st grade 47 months. The most common reason of herbal medicine use was "looking weak, without disease." The rate of elementary pupils who had good effects was 63.7 percent; the rate of side effects was 4.5 percent. Conclusions : The rate of elementary pupils who took herbal medicines was high and gradually higher in lower grades. So, clinicians have to cope directly with this situation and to educate parents about herbal medicines.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2006

This study executed questionnaire by own recording way using questionnaire to Dental Hygiene of W health science college and 365 students locating in Cholla-bukdo area from September 10, 2005 October 9. Distribution by class was first-year student 115 people, second-year student 125 people, third-year student 120 people, and collected data enforced crossing analysis, multiple response analysis, correlation analysis using statistical analysis program SPSS(V. 11.5) and significance level(${\alpha}$) used in all verifications was 0.05. 1. Seoul was the most to employment hope area and(p<0.01), there was difference that keep in mind statistically because appears salary highest about selection reason(p<0.001). 2. knowledge degree about can go to work appeared by 52.8% for doing not know, and when go to work 60.8% was thinking aptitude and interest most importantly and there was difference that keep in mind statistically(p<0.01). 3. when go to work 35.3% prevention medical examination and treatment business that 27.2% hopes dental management business appear(p<0.01). 4. I appeared accomplish result weak static correlation that analyze interrelation of degree of dictionary knowledge about can do interest degree about dental hygienist job and an employment(p<0.01).

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.139-146
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• 2019

This study was done to compare college adjustment and life stress of nursing students by grades in Korea. A total of 417 participants were recruited using a convenient sampling method. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire from October 15 to October 30, 2019. The results of the study showed that the college adjustment of nursing students was significantly higher in 4th grade (3.45 ± 0.53) than 1st grade (3.18 ± 0.61). Life stress was highest in first grade (0.91 ± 0.46), followed by fourth grade, second grade, and third grade. college adaptation and life stress by grade were inversely correlated in all grades. Therefore, it is necessary to check the difference between college adaptation and life stress according to grade level, and to prepare customized programs according to the grades, so that students can make a good college adjustment through stress management of nursing college students.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.13-17
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of the study is to provide for prospects of Department of Ophthalmic Optics. Methods: This study surveyed on notion in sunder of the frist grade 100 people, second grade 100 people, third grade 100 people in the third educational system of Department of Ophthalmic Optics. Results: 1. Recognition of beforehand information for Department of Ophthalmic Optic were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 40 people(40%) by ordinary, at second grade 42 people(42%) by ordinary and at third grade 34 people(34%) by low. 2. Goodness of fit of register for a course and content for Department of Ophthalmic Optic were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 54 people(54%) by ordinary, at second grade 51 people(51%) and at third grade 47 people(47%) by suitableness. 3. Satisfaction of choice for Department of Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 43 people(43%) by high, at second grade 45 people(45%) by ordinary and at third grade 41 people(41%) by high. 4. Consideration of instruction for Department of Ophthalmic Optic were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 55 people(55%), at second grade 60 people(60%) and at third grade 49 people (49%) by good. 5. Relationship of friend in Department of Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 40 people(40%), at second grade 50 people(50%) and at third grade 51 people(51%) by good. 6. Relationship a senior-younger men in Department of Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 47 people(47%), at second grade 50 people(50%) and at third grade 41 people(41%) by ordinary. 7. Prospects of future for Department Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 47 people (47%), at second grade 50 people(50%) and at third grade 45 people(45%) by ordinary. 8. Affairs after graduation of Department of Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 60 people(60%), at second grade 68 people(68%) and at third grade 66 people(66%) by optical shop. Conclusions: Satisfaction of choice for Department and Prospects of future for Department were investigated to be good as a whole.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.317-326
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• 2012

The study aims at analyzing and comparing the effect of video teleconferencing English class with native speakers on class satisfaction and self-efficacy of elementary school students according to grades. Revised Kim's self efficacy and researcher's class satisfaction measuring tools were used for this. Grade 3 got the highest score and grade 6 had the lowest one in class satisfaction. In post-testing on self efficacy, average score was lower than in pre-testing except grade 3. Grade 3 got the highest score and grade 6 had the lowest one in self efficacy. I conclude that as students' grade goes up, their interests decrease in teleconferencing class and native speaker teachers.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1173-1180
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive monitoring skills of elementary students on science by the grade and sex. The subject of this study was 1001 elementary students of $2{\sim}6$ grade from 5 schools. The instrument of study, TSCM I (Test of Science Cognitive Monitoring I ) for $2{\sim}4$ grade and TSCM II for $4{\sim}6$ grade were developed. The results of this study showed that the effectiveness of cognitive monitoring skills was 63.4% for $2{\sim}4$ grade and 57.4% for $4{\sim}6$ grade. The effectiveness of cognitive monitoring skills of 3 and 4 graders was significantly higher than 2, while 5 and 6 was higher than 4 graders. Girls were higher than boys for 2 and 3 grade, but 4${\sim}$6 graders were not significantly different by the sex.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.697-715
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the overall understanding of patterns by second- and third-grade elementary school students. For this purpose, 12 classes per grade were selected from 10 schools, and a 46-item test was administered to 216 second graders and 223 third graders. The results of the study showed that in most cases, there was no statistically significant difference in the understanding of patterns between second- and third-graders. The exception occurred regarding the 10 items of identifying the structure of a pattern: Second-graders did better than third-graders regarding 8 items, whereas vice versa regarding 2 items. The items that both second- and third-graders struggled with included finding multiple components of a given pattern, comparing the structures between patterns, and guessing a particular term in an open pattern. Based on these findings, this paper discusses second- and third-graders' understanding of patterns and suggestions for further instruction.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.564-575
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• 2015

A self-administered survey was conducted in dental hygiene students at colleges or universities in Daegu and North Gyeongsang Province to provide basic data necessary to suggest standards for the direction of career for dental hygiene students and construct desirable image of dental hygienists. The data were collected from February to May 2013; with the exception of 46 questionnaires containing insincere responses, 1,679 were finally analyzed using SPSS/Win 18.0, drawing the following conclusion: The freshmen showed higher levels of regret for selection and enrollment recommendation than the sophomores, juniors, or seniors and the sophomores, juniors, and seniors showed higher levels of willingness to change courses than the freshmen; thus, those in lower grades showed higher environment satisfaction. As for desired career, regardless of grades, they showed higher preference for being employed as a dental hygienist; as for desired paths to get a job, the freshmen were more likely to get professors' recommendations and the sophomores, juniors, and seniors showed higher preference for open recruitment. They showed higher preference for getting a job in a large city because of greater possibility of improvement. As for the desired period of employment, regardless of grades, they showed higher preference for employment before getting married and for reemployment after their children grew up; as for desired workplace, the freshmen showed higher preference for a dental clinic in a hospital, whereas the sophomores, juniors, and seniors showed higher preference for a dental hospital. As for the differences in image of dental hygienists by grades, the freshmen and sophomores showed higher levels of attitudes than the juniors; the freshmen and sophomores showed higher levels of beliefs than the juniors or seniors; and the seniors showed higher levels of values than the freshmen, sophomores, or juniors, and the sophomores and juniors showed higher levels of values than the freshmen; thus, students in lower grades showed higher levels of attitudes and beliefs and those in higher grades showed higher levels of values. Such factors of enrollment satisfaction as willingness to change courses and persuasion to make enrollment had significant effects on image of dental hygienists. Dental hygiene students need to make efforts to establish a job identity and get desirable image of dental hygienists and to make constant efforts to promote more accurate and positive image of dental hygienists through systematic and positive public relations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.153-159
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• 1982

A statistical study on medical students who entered certain college of medicine during 10 years ('73 to '82) was performed in order to evaluate medical educational wastage. The obtained results summerized were as follows; 1. The normal promotion rate of 10 cohorts(CI-CX) was 83.4% and 5 cohorts(CI to CV) whose members had already graduated(including dropouts) was 77.5%. 2. The mean repetition rate in 1st grade was 15.5%, in 2nd grade 5.4%, in 3rd grade 1.4% arid in 4th grade 0.6%. 3. The predicted number of repetion(spell base) which are attendance at the college in 1st grade was 31.6, in 2nd grade 28.9, in 3rd grade 18.6 and in 4th grade 22.7; 4. The total wastage of 10 cohorts was 224.8 SY, which corresponded to educational resources of 56.2 out-puts for normal demand. 5. The mean unit cost of 10 cohorts was 4.62 and the mean Input/Output ratio was 1.06.