• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.28-39
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 추력조절용 핀틀 노즐의 길이비에 따른 정상상태와 비정상상태 특성을 파악하기 위해 수치해석을 수행하였다. 노즐과 핀틀의 영역은 분리하여 격자를 생성하고 중첩격자기법을 사용하였다. 핀틀 형상은 길이비에 따라 5가지로 선택하였고, 정상상태 해석결과 핀틀의 길이가 길수록 추력과 추력계수가 높게 나타났다. 비정상상태 해석의 경우 핀틀의 속도에 따라서 연소실 압력 경향이 달라지며 추력과 유동구조에 영향을 미친다. 노즐 출구에서의 추력은 노즐목 단면적 변화에 빠른 응답특성을 보이며, 추력과 추력계수 등 성능 주요 인자들의 예측시 핀틀의 구동 속도와 핀틀 거동에 의한 연소실 압력파의 전달속도를 고려해야 한다.

• 대기
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

Recently, Japan's Meteorological Research Institute presented the d4PDF database (Database for Policy Decision-Making for Future Climate Change, d4PDF) through large-scale climate ensemble simulations to overcome uncertainty arising from variability when the general circulation model represents extreme-scale precipitation. In this study, the change of precipitation characteristics between the historical and future climate conditions in the Yongdam-dam basin was analyzed using the d4PDF data. The result shows that annual mean precipitation and seasonal mean precipitation increased by more than 10% in future climate conditions. This study also performed an analysis on the change of the return period rainfall. The annual maximum daily rainfall was extracted for each climatic condition, and the rainfall with each return period was estimated. In this process, we represent the extreme-scale rainfall corresponding to a very long return period without any statistical model and method as the d4PDF provides rainfall data during 3,000 years for historical climate conditions and during 5,400 years for future climate conditions. The rainfall with a 50-year return period under future climate conditions exceeded the rainfall with a 100-year return period under historical climate conditions. Consequently, in future climate conditions, the magnitude of rainfall increased at the same return period and, the return period decreased at the same magnitude of rainfall. In this study, by using the d4PDF data, it was possible to analyze the change in extreme magnitude of rainfall.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제34D권11호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1997

Utilizing 2-dimensional device simulations incorporating lattic eheating models, we analyzed in detail the DC breakdown characterisics of NMOS trasistors with different structures, which are commonly used as ESD protection transistors. The mechanism leading to device failure resulting from electrostatic discharge was explained by analyzing the 1st and 2nd breakdown characteristics of LDD devices. Also a criteria for more robust designs of NMOS transistor structures against ESD was suggested by examining the characteristics changes with changes in structural parameters such as the LDD doping concentration, the drain junction depth, the distance between source/drain contacts, and the source junction area.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.90.2-90.2
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• 2010

Lunar sodium observations are being prepared by a group of WCU scientists at the Kyung-Hee Observatory. We have been working on 3-D Monte Carlo simulations of the lunar sodium exosphere since 2009, and we need to obtain additional sodium images in order to constrain our models. Using a newly-designed simple coronagraph which is optimized for lunar observations, we plan to make direct sodium image observations. We present the structure of the planned coronagraph, optical-image observation plans, and spectroscopic observation plans of the lunar tail. We will also present updated results from the 3-D Monte Carlo simulations.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.31.3-31.3
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• 2017

The presence of a bar in disk galaxies indicates that galaxies reached their dynamical maturity, and secular evolution has started to play key roles in the evolution of disk galaxies. Numerical simulations predicted that as a barred galaxy evolves, the bar becomes longer by capturing its immediate neighbor disk stars. We test the hypothesis by exploring bar lengths and measuring the light deficit around the bar at various redshift. Supplementing already classified barred galaxies in later type disk galaxies ($$T{\geq_-}2$$, Sheth et al. 2008), we classify barred galaxies among earlier type disk galaxies (T<2) up to z~0.8 using F814W images from the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS). We estimate the length of bars analytically for ~400 galaxies, and find that there is a slight decrease in bar length with redshift. We also find that longer bars show more prominent light deficit around the bar and this trend is stronger for nearby galaxies. Our results are consistent with the predictions from numerical simulations, and imply that the bar induced secular evolution is already in place since z~0.8. 

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2010

In this work, the presence of nitrification biochemical oxygen demand (NBOD) frequently occurred in the sewer outflow in winter season was analysed by the COD fraction methods using the respirometry and process simulations with real operation data measurements and analysis. The activated sludge models applied in this process simulation were based on the ASM No.2d temp. models, published by International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ). The ASM No.2d model is an extension of the ASM No.2 model and takes into account of carbon removal, nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal. The denitrifying capacity of phosphorus accumulating organisms has been implemented in the ASM No.2d model because experimental evidence shows that some of the phosphorus accumulating organisms can denitrify. It was shown that the concentrations of autotrophs (X_AUT) in the secondary clarifier and the $NH_4-N$ of T-N increased in the presence of NBOD measurements. Because of the low temperature (average $8^{\circ}C$) and possible operational troubles, the outcoming autotrophs exhausted oxygen in the process of nitrifying $NH_4-N$.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권1C호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 보청기의 음향궤환 및 잡음을 제거시키기 위한 새로운 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이 알고리즘은 2개의 마이크를 사용하여 궤환제거 필터의 계수를 갱신시키는 잔차신호에서 음성신호를 제거함으로서 수렴성능을 향상시킨다. 먼저 궤환제거기가 마이크 신호에서 궤환신호를 제거하고, 이어서 빔포밍 기법을 이용하여 잡음을 제거한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 궤환 및 잡음제거기의 성능을 검증하기 위하여 시뮬레이션 프로그램을 작성하고 모의실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과, 제안한 적응 알고리즘을 사용하면 궤환제거기와 잡음제거기에서 각각 약 14.43 dB의 SFR 및 10.19 dB의 SNR 지수가 개선되는 것을 확인하였다.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.30-45
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• 2013

The present work focuses on the unsteady aerodynamics and aeroelastic properties of a small-medium sized wind-turbine blade operating under ideal conditions. A tapered/twisted blade representative of commercial blades used in an experiment setup at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory is considered. The aerodynamic loads are computed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques. For this purpose, FLUENT$^{(R)}$, a commercial finite-volume code that solves the Navier-Stokes and the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, is used. Turbulence effects in the 2D simulations are modeled using the Wilcox k-w model for validation of the CFD approach. For the 3D aerodynamic simulations, in a first approximation, and considering that the intent is to present a methodology and workflow philosophy more than highly accurate turbulent simulations, the unsteady laminar Navier-Stokes equations were used to determine the unsteady loads acting on the blades. Five different blade pitch angles were considered and their aerodynamic performance compared. The structural dynamics of the flexible wind-turbine blade undergoing significant elastic displacements has been described by a nonlinear flap-lag-torsion slender-beam differential model. The aerodynamic quasi-steady forcing terms needed for the aeroelastic governing equations have been predicted through a strip-theory based on a simple 2D model, and the pertinent aerodynamic coefficients and the distribution over the blade span of the induced velocity derived using CFD. The resulting unsteady hub loads are achieved by a first space integration of the aeroelastic equations by applying the Galerkin's approach and by a time integration using a harmonic balance scheme. Comparison among two- and three- dimensional computations for the unsteady aerodynamic load, the flap, lag and torsional deflections, forces and moments are presented in the paper. Results, discussions and pertinent conclusions are outlined.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2007년도 The 1st International Symposium on Advanced Magnetic Materials
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• pp.211.1-211.1
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• 2007

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2019

토도로카이트(todorokite)는 $3{\times}3$ 망간 팔면체로 이루어진 상대적으로 큰 나노공극(nanopore)을 가지는 터널구조의 산화망간광물로 나노공극에 다양한 양이온 함유가 가능하기 때문에 금속이온 거동에 큰 역할을 할 수 있다. 주로 결정도가 낮고 다른 산화망간광물들과 함께 집합체로 발견되어 나노 공극 내부 양이온의 배위(coordination)구조는 실험만으로 여전히 규명하기 매우 어렵다. 이번 논문에서는 고전분자동력학(classical molecular dynamics, MD) 시뮬레이션을 이용하여 토도로카이트 터널에 함유된 $Mg^{2+}$ 이온의 배위구조에 대한 연구결과를 처음으로 소개한다. 기존 실험에서는 토도로카이트 내부에 함유된 $Mg^{2+}$가 공극의 중앙에 우세하게 자리한다고 알려져 있다. MD 시뮬레이션 결과, $Mg^{2+}$ 이온의 약 60 %가 나노공극의 중앙에 위치하지만, 약 40 %의 $Mg^{2+}$는 광물의 표면에 해당하는 공극의 코너에 위치하였다. 공극 중앙의 $Mg^{2+}$는 수용액에서처럼 물 분자와 6배위수를 보였다. 공극 코너의 $Mg^{2+}$ 역시 6배위수를 보였는데, 물 분자 이외에도 망간 팔면체 표면 산소와 배위를 보였다. $Mg^{2+}$ 이온의 동적 거동을 파악하기 위해 계산한 평균 제곱 변위(mean squared displacement) 결과에서는, 수용액 벌크(bulk) 상태에서 갖는 물 분자와 양이온의 동적 성질이 토도로카이트 1D 나노공극에서는 유지되지 못하고 잃어버리는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.