• 제목/요약/키워드: 16S-rRNA

검색결과 1,879건 처리시간 0.034초

Sinomonas terrae sp. nov., Isolated from an Agricultural Soil

  • Hyosun Lee;Ji Yeon Han;Dong-Uk Kim
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제33권7호
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    • pp.909-914
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    • 2023
  • While searching for the bacteria which are responsible for degradation of pesticide in soybean field soil, a novel bacterial strain, designated 5-5T, was isolated. The cells of the strain were Gram-staining-positive, aerobic and non-motile rods. Growth occurred at 10-42℃ (optimum, 30℃), pH 5.5-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-7.5), and 0-2% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1%). The predominant fatty acids were C15:0 anteiso, C17:0 anteiso, and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c). The predominant menaquinone was MK-9 (H2). Diphosphatidylglycerol, glycolipids, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylglycerol were the major polar lipids. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain 5-5T is a member of the genus Sinomonas and its closest relative is Sinomonas humi MUSC 117T, sharing a genetic similarity of 98.4%. The draft genome of strain 5-5T was 4,727,205 bp long with an N50 contig of 4,464,284 bp. Genomic DNA G+C content of strain 5-5T was68.0 mol%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain 5-5T and its closest strains S. humi MUSC 117T and S. susongensis A31T were 87.0, and 84.3 % respectively. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain 5-5T and its closest strains S. humi MUSC 117T and S. susongensis A31T were 32.5% and 27.9% respectively. Based on the ANI and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization analyses, the 5-5T strain was considered as novel species belonging to the genus Sinomonas. On the basis of the results from phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain 5-5T represents a novel speciesof the genus Sinomonas, for which the name Sinomonas terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5-5T (=KCTC 49650T =NBRC 115790T).

발효식품 추출물과 미생물을 활용한 참깨 종자전염성 병 방제 (Effect of Extracts and Bacteria from Korean Fermented Foods on the Control of Sesame Seed-Borne Fungal Diseases)

  • 김용기;홍성준;심창기;김민정;박종호;한은정;박종원;박소향;지형진;김석철
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.297-308
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    • 2015
  • 참깨 종자전염성 병해를 방제하기 위하여 다양한 유용미생물을 함유하는 김치, 고추장, 된장, 간장, 막걸리를 채집하여 식품 추출물을 조제하고 종자전염성병원균에 대한 억제 효과를 조사하였다. 추가로 식품유래 미생물의 참깨 종자전염성 병해 억제 효과를 in vitro 및 in vivo 조건하에서 조사하였다. 50개 식품추출물에 처리한 참깨 종자를 샤레상에 처리하였을 때 20개 식품추출물이 유묘썩음증상을 92% 이상 감소시켰고, 7개 식품 추출물 처리는 온실조건에서 지상부 출현율을 58.3-66.8% 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 여러 발효식품으로부터 얻은 218종의 발효미생물 중 7종의 종자전염성 병원균에 대하여 높은 항균활성을 보였던 29균주를 처리하여 종자소독효과를 검정한 결과, 20균주가 병 억제 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 20균주 중 13균주는 모썩음 증상을 유의성 있게 감소시켜 건전주율을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 16S rDNA region의 염기서열분석을 통해 in vitro 및 in vivo에서 항균활성 및 종자소독 효과를 보인 식품유래 유용미생물 16종에 대한 동정을 수행하였다. 그 결과 14균주는 Bacillus 속 세균으로, 막걸리로부터 분리된 2균주는 Saccharomyces 속으로 동정되었다. 발효식품에서 분리된 선발 균주는 대부분 B. amyloliquifaciens인 것으로 나타났다. 선발 균주 중 B. amyloliquefaciens Gcj2-1와 B. amyloliquefaciens Gcj3-1를 코팅제로 bentonite, kaolin, talc 및 zeolite를 첨가 혼화하여 제제화하였을 때 두 균주 공히 talc와 kaolin 제형이 억제 효과가 우수하였고 그 다음이 zeolite 제형이었다. 그러나 bentonite 제형의 경우에는 타 제형에 비해 억제 효과가 낮게 나타났다. 선발된 발효식품유래 미생물은 in vitro와 온실조건에서 참깨 종자전염성병 방제에 있어서 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 결과를 근거로 국내산 발효식품 추출물 및 발효식품 유래 미생물은 참깨 종자소독용 방제제로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

Paenibacillus polymyxa CK-1이 생산한 길항물질이 Trichoderma sp. 생육에 미치는 영향 (The effect of antagonists produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa CK-1 on the growth of Trichoderma sp.)

  • 이상원;최진상;김철호
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.201-208
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    • 2014
  • 버섯배지의 발효를 효율적으로 행하면서 버섯의 재배 시 빈번하게 발생하는 푸른곰팡이 병의 원인 균주인 Trichoderma sp. 곰팡이 성장을 억제하는 세균의 분리를 행하였다. 균원시료로부터 1차 분리한 약 200여 균주 중에서 성장속도가 빠르고, SM, AM 및 CM의 평판배지 상에서 clear zone이 뚜렷한 6균주를 2차 분리하였다. 분리한 6균주 중 cellulase, amylase 및 protease의 효소활성이 높고 T. virens와 T. harzianum에 대하여 강한 항균활성을 나타낸 C-1균주를 최종 분리균주로 선정하였다. 분리한 C-1균주는 Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology에 의한 동정과 16S rDNA 염기서열 분석을 행한 결과 Paenibacillus polymyxa 밝혀져 P. polymyxa CK-1으로 명명하였다. P. polymyxa CK-1균주의 생육조건을 검토한 결과 최적배양온도는 $45^{\circ}C$, 생육을 위한 배지의 최적 pH는 6.0~7.0 범위로 나타났다. T. virens와 T. harzianum 곰팡이의 생육억제를 위한 P. polymyxa CK-1의 배양시간은 22~36시간이 적당하였다. 그리고 P. polymyxa CK-1균주의 24시간째 배양용액을 처리한 petri dish에 두 곰팡이를 각각 접종한 후 10일 동안 방치하여도 곰팡이의 생육은 관찰되지 않았다. P. polymyxa CK-1 균주가 생산한 길항물질의 열안정성을 검토한 결과 $60^{\circ}C$$100^{\circ}C$로 20분 동안 처리한 시험구에서는 두 곰팡이의 균사성장이 전혀 관찰되지 않았지만 $121^{\circ}C$에서 20분 동안 처리한 시험구에서는 약간의 균사성장이 관찰되었다. P. polymyxa CK-1배양액이 버섯균사 생육에 미치는 영향을 검토한 결과 팽이버섯, 표고버섯 등의 다양한 버섯균사 생육에 전혀 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

Carbonic Maceration처리에 의한 Campbell Early 발효액의 감산 효과: 감산 관련 미생물의 분리 및 특성 (Deacidification Effect of Campbell Early Must through Carbonic-Maceration Treatment: Isolation and Properties of the Bacteria Associated with Deacidification)

  • 장은하;정석태;정성민;임병선;노정호;박교선;박서준;최종욱
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.973-979
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    • 2011
  • Carbonic maceration 처리는 포도주 제조 시 사과산을 감소시키는 방법으로 사과산 감소의 원인 중 미생물의 영향을 알아보고자 사과산을 감소시키고 젖산을 생성시키는 미생물을 분리, 동정한 결과Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus plantarum 및 Streptococcus thermophilus의 젖산균이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 분리된 균들은 대부분 당에서 젖산을 생성하는 균으로 알려져 있으며 사과산을 함유한 배지에서 균의 배양 중 사과산을 이용하지 않고 젖산을 생성하는 것으로 보아 주로 당을 이용하여 젖산을 생성하는 것으로 보인다. 사과산을 이용해 젖산을 생성시키는 대표적인 malo-lactic bacteria인 Oenococcus oeni 균은 본 실험에서는 동정되지 않았다. 따라서 carbonic maceration 처리 시 사과산의 감소는 포도에 자연적으로 생육한다는 malo-lactic bacteria나 감산 관련 미생물의 영향은 크게 받지 않는 것으로 판단되며, 젖산 함량의 증가는 당을 이용하는 다양한 젖산균에 의해 생성되는 것으로 판단된다.

소수성 및 친수성 담체를 이용한 Trickling Bed Biofilter의 생물학적 수소생산 (The Fermentative Hydrogen Production in Trickling Bed Biofilter Filled with Hydrophilic-and Hydrophobic-Media)

  • 전병승;이선미;김용환;구만복;채희정;상병인
    • 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.379-388
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    • 2006
  • Two mesophilic trickling bed bioreactors filled with two different types of media, hydrophilic- and hydrophobic-cubes, were designed and conducted for hydrogen production under the anaerobic fermentation of sucrose. Each bioreactor consisted of the column packed with polymeric cubes and inoculated with heat-treated sludge obtained from anaerobic digestion tank. A defined medium containing sucrose was fed by the different hydraulic retention time(HRT), and recycle rate. Hydrogen concentrations in gas-phase were constant, averaging 40% of biogas throughout the operation. Hydrogen production rate was increased till $10.5\;L{\cdot}h^{-1}{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of bioreactor when influent sucrose concentrations and recycle rates were varied. At the same time, the hydrogen production rate with hydrophobic media application was higher than its hydrophilic media application. No methane was detected when the reactor was under a normal operation. The major fermentation by-products in the liquid effluent of the both trickling biofilters were acetate, butyrate and lactate. In order to run in the long term operation of both reactor filled with hydrophilic and hydrophobic media, biofilm accumulation on hydrophilic media and biogas produced should be controlled through some process such as periodical backwashing or gas-purging. Four sample were collected from each reactor on the opposite hydrogen production rate, and their bacterial communities were compared by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of PCR products generated using bacterial 16s rRNA gene primers (8f and 926r). It was expressed a marked difference in bacterial communities of both reactors. The trickling bed bioreactor with hydrophobic media demonstrates the feasibility of the process to produce hydrogen gas. A likely application of this reactor technology can be hydrogen gas recovery from pre-treatment of high carbohydrate-containing wastewaters.

Antifouling Activity towards Mussel by Small-Molecule Compounds from a Strain of Vibrio alginolyticus Bacterium Associated with Sea Anemone Haliplanella sp.

  • Wang, Xiang;Huang, Yanqiu;Sheng, Yanqing;Su, Pei;Qiu, Yan;Ke, Caihuan;Feng, Danqing
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.460-470
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    • 2017
  • Mussels are major fouling organisms causing serious technical and economic problems. In this study, antifouling activity towards mussel was found in three compounds isolated from a marine bacterium associated with the sea anemone Haliplanella sp. This bacterial strain, called PE2, was identified as Vibrio alginolyticus using morphology, biochemical tests, and phylogenetic analysis based on sequences of 16S rRNA and four housekeeping genes (rpoD, gyrB, rctB, and toxR). Three small-molecule compounds (indole, 3-formylindole, and cyclo (Pro-Leu)) were purified from the ethyl acetate extract of V. alginolyticus PE2 using column chromatography techniques. They all significantly inhibited byssal thread production of the green mussel Perna viridis, with $EC_{50}$ values of $24.45{\mu}g/ml$ for indole, $50.07{\mu}g/ml$ for 3-formylindole, and $49.24{\mu}g/ml$ for cyclo (Pro-Leu). Previous research on the antifouling activity of metabolites from marine bacteria towards mussels is scarce. Indole, 3-formylindole and cyclo (Pro-Leu) also exhibited antifouling activity against settlement of the barnacle Balanus albicostatus ($EC_{50}$ values of 8.84, 0.43, and $11.35{\mu}g/ml$, respectively) and the marine bacterium Pseudomonas sp. ($EC_{50}$ values of 42.68, 69.68, and $39.05{\mu}g/ml$, respectively). These results suggested that the three compounds are potentially useful for environmentally friendly mussel control and/or the development of new antifouling additives that are effective against several biofoulers.

식충식물로부터 Protease를 생산하는 Bacillus sp. SH-8의 분리와 효소 생산성 (Enzyme Production of A Protease-producing Strain, Bacillus sp SH-8 Isolated from Insect-eating Plant)

  • 윤기홍;이미성;박병완;박용하;김홍익;김정현;김문숙
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.323-328
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    • 2006
  • 식충식물에서 채취된 시료로부터 protease치 생산균으로 분리된 SH-8은 그람 양성간균으로 16S rRNA외 부분 염기서열에 근거하여 Bacillus속 균주로 확인되었다. Protease 생산을 위한 배지를 제조하기 위해 질소원, 탄소원, 인, 금속이온의 성분을 변화시키면서 균의 성장과 효소 생산성을 비교하였다. 포도당을 탄소원으로 사용하였을 때는 균의 성장은 정상적으로 일어나지만, pretense생산이 완전히 억제되는 것으로 나타났으며, 가용성 전분을 탄소원으로 사용하였을 때 효소 생산성이 가장 높았다. 질소원으로는 yeast extact가 효소 생산에 가장 적합하였으며, 농도가 높으면 효소 생산성이 저하되었다. 한편 2가 금속이온중 $Zn^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$을 배지에 첨가하였을 때는 균의 성장이 심하게 저해되었으며, 효소 생산도 되지 않았다. $CaCl_2$를 첨가한 배지에서는 효소 생산성이 증가되었으며, 효소 반응에 $CaCl_2$를 첨가하였을 때도 효소 활성이 증가하였다. 이로보아 $CaCl_2$는 Bacillus sp. SH-8의 protease 생산성과 활성을 모두 증가시키는 것으로 판단된다. 가용성 전분(2%), yeast extract(0.3%), $CaCl_2$(0.3%), $CaCl_2$(0.01%)와 $KH_2PO_4$(0.01%)를 포함하는 것으로 구성된 최적화 배지에서 최대효소 생산성은 435 U/ml로 나타났으며 26시간이 되었을 때 배양액 내 효소활성은 급격히 감소하였다.

김치의 저장성 향상을 위한 항균활성 우수 유산균 선발 (Selection of Lactic Acid Bacteria with Antibacterial Activity for Extension of Kimchi Shelf-life)

  • 최학종;김유진;이나라;박해웅;장자영;박성희;강미란;김현주;이종희;이종훈;변유량;김태운
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제43권2호
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    • pp.328-332
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    • 2014
  • 김치는 살균공정 없이 유통되기 때문에 유통과정에서도 발효가 진행되는 특성을 가지고 있어 김치의 산도가 계속 증가하여 김치의 상품성이 저하되는 문제점을 안고 있다. 본 연구에서는 김치발효과정 중 과도한 산생성에 관여하는 균주선발과 더불어 이들 균주의 성장을 억제할 수 있는 항균활성을 지닌 균주를 김치로부터 선발하고자 하였다. 우선 김치과숙 관련 균주를 선발한 결과 Lb. plantarum 20-10, Lb. plantarum A-1, P. pentosaceus A-2, P. pentosaceus A-5, Lb. plantarum A-6, P. pentosaceus B-11로 동정이 되었다. 이들 균주를 억제할 수 있는 항균활성을 지닌 균주를 적숙기 김치로부터 선발한 결과 Lc. lactis, Lb. brevis 두 균주가 항균활성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이들 균주의 김치 종균으로서의 적용 가능성을 살펴본 결과 모든 균주가 PH 3.5에서의 내산성, 3% NaCl에서의 내염성, $4^{\circ}C$에서의 생육가능성을 나타내었다.

Comparative analysis of the microbial communities in raw milk produced in different regions of Korea

  • Kim, In Seon;Hur, Yoo Kyung;Kim, Eun Ji;Ahn, Young-Tae;Kim, Jong Geun;Choi, Yun-Jaie;Huh, Chul Sung
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제30권11호
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    • pp.1643-1650
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    • 2017
  • Objective: The control of psychrotrophic bacteria causing milk spoilage and illness due to toxic compounds is an important issue in the dairy industry. In South Korea, Gangwon-do province is one of the coldest terrains in which eighty percent of the area is mountainous regions, and mainly plays an important role in the agriculture and dairy industries. The purposes of this study were to analyze the indigenous microbiota of raw milk in Gangwon-do and accurately investigate a putative microbial group causing deterioration in milk quality. Methods: We collected raw milk from the bulk tank of 18 dairy farms in the Hoengseong and Pyeongchang regions of Gangwon-do. Milk components were analyzed and the number of viable bacteria was confirmed. The V3 and V4 regions of 16S rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced on an Illumina Miseq platform. Sequences were then assigned to operational taxonomic units, followed by the selection of representative sequences using the QIIME software package. Results: The milk samples from Pyeongchang were higher in fat, protein, lactose, total solid, and solid non-fat, and bacterial cell counts were observed only for the Hoengseong samples. The phylum Proteobacteria was detected most frequently in both the Hoengseong and Pyeongchang samples, followed by the phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Notably, Corynebacterium, Pediococcus, Macrococcus, and Acinetobacter were significantly different from two regions. Conclusion: Although the predominant phylum in raw milk is same, the abundances of major genera in milk samples were different between Hoengseong and Pyeongchang. We assumed that these differences are caused by regional dissimilar farming environments such as soil, forage, and dairy farming equipment so that the quality of milk raw milk from Pyeongchang is higher than that of Hoengseong. These results could provide the crucial information for identifying the microbiota in raw milk of South Korea.

Optimization of Indole-3-Acetic production by phosphate solubilization bacteria isolated from waste mushroom bed of Agaricus bisporus

  • Walpola, Buddhi Charana;Noh, Jae-Geun;Kim, Chan Kyem;Kyung, Ki-Cheon;Kong, Won-Sik;Yoon, Min-Ho
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.53-62
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    • 2013
  • A total of 35 phosphate solubilizing bacterial strains were isolated from waste mushroom bed of Agaricus bisporus in Buyeo-Gun, Chungnam and screened for the production of indole acetic acid (IAA). The best IAA producing strain was identified as Pantoea rodasii using 16S rRNA analysis. In addition to the IAA production, this strain could act as an efficient phosphate solubilizer (1100 ${\mu}g$ $ml^{-1}$ after 5 days of incubation) also. The selected strain was cultured under different conditions in order to assess the optimum conditions for maximum IAA production. The nutrient broth (NB) medium was recorded as the best medium, where the maximum IAA production (229 ${\mu}g$ $ml^{-1}$) was recorded at the start of stationary phase (12 hours after inoculation) of the bacteria growth. The performance of the strain was found to be maximum at the temperature of $30^{\circ}C$ followed by $25^{\circ}C$. IAA production was found to be increased with increasing tryptophan concentration (from 0.1 to 0.6%), however beyond this limit, a slight reduction in IAA production was observed. The strains' ability to produce IAA was further confirmed by extraction of crude IAA and subsequent TLC analysis. A specific spot from the extracted IAA preparation was found corresponding with the standard spot of IAA with same $R_f$ value. The results of HPLC analysis conducted in identifying and quantifying the IAA production more precisely, are in agreement with the results of the assessment done with colorimetric method. As revealed by the results of the pot experiment, the isolated strain could significantly enhance the growth (as measured by shoot and root growth) of mung bean plants compared to that of non-inoculated plants. Therefore it can be concluded that the present strain, Pantoea rodasii has great potential to be used as bio-inoculants.