• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.391-396
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• 2005

The objective of this study was carried out investigate the changes of carcass characteristics, physico-chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition in crossbred pigs (Korean native breed ${\times}$ Landrace breed) by backfat thickness. A total 182 Pigs were divided into 3 groups by there backfat thickness, i.e., <11.80mm, $11.80\~25.01mm\;and\;25.01mm<.$ The live weight carcass weight and dressing percent of backfat thickness 25.01mm< group were higher compared to those for backfat thickness <11,80mm and $11.80\~25.01mm group, but the final grade were lower. The pH of backfat thickness 25.01mm< group were higher compared to those for backfat thickness <11.80mm and $11.80\~25.01mm$ group. Shear lone of 25.01 mm< group were lower than that of other groups. Water, crude fat content and cooking loss have no difference between the 3 groups. The hardness of backfat thickness 25.01mm< group were higher compared to those for backfat thickness <11.80mm and $11.80\~25.01mm$ group. The yellowness $(b^*)$ of meat and fat color in backfat thickness 25.01mm< group were lower compared to those for backfat thickness <11.80mm and $11.80\~25.01mm$ group. The stearic acid and saturated fatty acid content were higher compared to those for backfat thickness <11.80mm and $11.80\~25.01mm$ group but the linoleic acid and unsaturated fatty acid content were lower.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.2735-2742
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to assess the association of vitamin D and pulse pressure in Korean adults. The data for analysis were obtained from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010. PP showed a significant positive correlation with Age(p<0.01), TG(p<0.01), TC(p<0.01), FBS (p<0.01), BMI(p<0.01) and Waist measurement(p<0.01). PP showed a significant negative correlation with HDL-C(p<0.01), Height(p<0.01), Weight(p<0.01) and 25(OH)D(p<0.01). When a multiple linear regression analysis was performed, PP was considered as the dependent variable, Age, Height, Weight, Waist measurement, BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, FBS and 25(OH)D as independent parameters, PP maintained a significant association only with Age(p<0.001), Waist measurement(p<0.001), FBS(p<0.001), 25(OH)D(p<0.001), TC(p<0.001), Weight(p<0.001), HDL-C(p<0.001). In conclusion, Our results suggest that vitamin D decrease may contribute to higher PP. To maintain standard level of vitamin D may be expected that decrease in incidence of coronary arterial disease.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.601-608
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to examine the apoptotic effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A(PEA) in squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) 25 cells. Methods : Cell growth reduction and apoptosis induced by PEA were confirmed by WST-1 assay, Hoechst 33258 staining, flow cytometry analysis, and Western blot assay. Results : The PEA treatment decreased the cell viability in a dose and time dependent manner: control; $100{\pm}0^e$(p<0.01), 0.1875 nM; $87{\pm}4.36^d$(p<0.01), 0.375 nM; $82{\pm}0.58^d$(p<0.01), 0.75 nM; $72{\pm}1.67^c$(p<0.01), 1.5 nM; $51{\pm}1.53^{bc}$(p<0.01), 7.5 nM; $31{\pm}1.20^{ab}$(p<0.01), 15 nM; $26{\pm}0.67^a$(p<0.01), control; $100{\pm}0^a$(p<0.05), 24 h; $51{\pm}1.53^b$(p<0.05), 48 h; $16{\pm}0.5^c$(p<0.05), 72 h; $12{\pm}1.67^d$%(p<0.05). The PEA was observed on SCC 25 cells with the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) value of 1.5 nM at 24 hours. The PEA treated SCC 25 cells demonstrated several types of apoptotic indications, such as nuclear condensation, the increase of sub G1, and the cleavage of PARP-1 and DFF 45. Conclusions : PEA showed anti-cancer activity against SCC 25 cells via apoptosis. PEA may potentially contribute to human oral cancer treatment.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.55-71
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• 1997

Digora/sup (R)/ an intraoral digital radiography system utilizing image plate (IP) - has a dynamic range of exposure time which allows it to decrease the patient's exposure time and to increase diagnostic ability through image processing, transmission and storage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Digora/sup (R)/ system by assessing the effects of various exposure times on the detectability on the tip of the endodontic file. Examining the root canals of 45 extracted sound premolars, K -files No. 10, 15, and 20 were placed at slightly varying distances from the apex. The teeth were glued onto resin-plaster blocks. Five exposure times varying between 0.01 seconds and 0.25 seconds were used. Four observers were asked to measure the distance between the tip of the file and a reduction of crown portion, and obtained mean errors (subtracting true file length from the measured file length), comparing Digora/sup (R)/ monitors with E-plus films, which were both obtained under the same geometrical positions. The results were as follows : 1. Comparing E-plus film with Digora/sup (R)/ at 0.01 seconds, the mean errors in E-plus film showed -4.453 nun, -4.497 nun, and -3.857 nun, while the mean errors in Digora/sup (R)/ showed 0.065 nun, 0.607 nun, and 0.719 mm according to the file groups. Therefore there was a significant difference between E-plus film and Digora/sup (R)/(p<0.05). 2. By comparison of mean errors according to the various exposure times in the Digora/sup (R)/ system, the mean error at 0.01 seconds was significantly lower than that at 0.12 and 0.25 seconds in the No. 10 file group(p<0.05). And the standard deviation was the highest at 0.01 seconds. 3. Comparing E-plus film at 0.25 seconds with the Digora/sup (R)/ system, the mean errors showed a significant difference between E-plus film at 0.25 seconds and the Digora/sup (R)/ system at 0.25 seconds in No. 10 and 20 file groups(p<0.05). 4. Comparing E -plus film at 0.25 seconds with other exposure times, the mean errors showed a significant difference between E-plus film at 0.25 seconds and E-plus film at 0 .. 01 and 0.03 seconds in 10 file group(p<0.05). In the No. 15 and 20 file groups, there was a significant difference between E-plus film at 0.25 seconds and E-plus film at 0.01 seconds(p<0.05). In conclusion, Digora/sup (R)/ was better than E-plus film in detectability on the tip of the file at the exposure time of 0.01 seconds in all file groups. And we concluded that Digora/sup (R)/ can shorten exposure times up to 4％ of 0.25 seconds (0.01 sec), which is adequate exposure time for premolar in E-plus film using No. 15 and 20 files.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 1987

It is the purpose to investigate the physiological toxity and mutagenicity by heavy metal compounds such as potasium dichromate, sodium arsenite and selenium dioxide on the development of Drosophila melanogaster. These chemical compounds were highly toxic at every developmental stage of Drosophila. The relative values of fecundity, viability and developmental time obtained on food media containing 5 different levels of potasium dichromate (500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 ppm), also 5 different levels of sodium arsenite and selenium dioxide (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ppm). Resulting in the relative values of fecundity and viability generally decreased, on the contrary developmental time generally reduced as the concentration of chemicals in the food increased. A significant reduction in the fecundity was observed between 800 and 900 ppm (p<0. 01) on the potasium dichromate media, between 15 and 20 ppm (p<0. 05) on the sodium arsenite media, between 20 and 25 ppm (p<0. 02) on the selenium dioxide media. A significant reduction in the viability was observed between 700 and 800 ppm (p<0. 01) on the potasium dioxide media, between 25 and 30 ppm (p<0. 01) on the sodium arsenite media, between 20 and 25 ppm (p<0. 01) on the selenium dioxide media. The developmental time was significantly reduced between 800 and 900 ppm (p<0. 001) on the potasium dioxide media, between 15 and 20 ppm (p<0. 001) on the sodium arsenite media, and between 25 and 30 ppm (p<0. 01) on the selenium dioxide media.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 1987

It is the purpose to investigate the physiological toxity and mutagenicity by heavy metal compounds such as potasium dichromate, sodium arsenite and selenium dioxide on the development of Drosophila melanogaster. These chemical compounds were highly toxic at every developmental stage of Drosophila. The relative values of fecundity, viability and developmental time obtained on food media containing 5 different levels of potasium dichromate (500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 ppm), also 5 different levels of sodium arsenite and selenium dioxide (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 ppm). Resulting in the relative values of fecundity and viability generally decreased, on the contrary developmental time generally reduced as the concentration of chemicals in the food increased. A significant reduction in the fecundity was observed between 800 and 900 ppm (p<0. 01) on the potasium dichromate media, between 15 and 20 ppm (p<0. 05) on the sodium arsenite media, between 20 and 25 ppm (p<0. 02) on the selenium dioxide media. A significant reduction in the viability was observed between 700 and 800 ppm (p<0. 01) on the potasium dioxide media, between 25 and 30 ppm (p<0. 01) on the sodium arsenite media, between 20 and 25 ppm (p<0. 01) on the selenium dioxide media. The developmental time was significantly reduced between 800 and 900 ppm (p<0. 001) on the potasium dioxide media, between 15 and 20 ppm (p<0. 001) on the sodium arsenite media, and between 25 and 30 ppm (p<0. 01) on the selenium dioxide media.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.337-345
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting dental hygienists's stress in order to provide dental hygienists's stress management methods. The results of this study were as follows. 1. A sample of 168 dental hygienists were selected to participate in this study. The participate of 66.1% was under 25 old years and 87.5% was unmarried. A majority of he dental hygienists's job place was clinical areas 86.9% and working experience was 1~4 years (47.6%). A average dental hygienists's salary was 1,000,000~1,500,000 won/month (63.7%). A average dental hygienists's working time was under 8 hours/day (57.1%). 5days/week (58.3%) was working and the participate of 78.0% was working on night-time. 2. Dental hygienists's stress under 25 years old was higher than over 26 years old (p < 0.05). It was found that dental hygienists was significantly related to stress from less income (p < 0.05), longer working time (p < 0.01). In job demand areas, Night-time workers (p < 0.05) and 5days/week (p < 0.05) worker was more stress than others participates. In job autonomy areas, longer working experience in present dental clinical(p < 0.01) and higher salary/ month (p < 0.01) were more stress. The job instability of unmarried dental hygienists were more stress than married subjects. In stress of organization system, longer working time/day (p < 0.05), under 25 years old (p < 0.01), high salary (p < 0.05), 5day/week (p < 0.05) dental hygienists's stress was higher than others.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.199-204
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• 2004

Height has become one of the most important factors to determine the pulmonary function test index, and there is a high correlation between them, so that they have been utilized for evaluating pulmonary function test predictive value or nomogram. Therefore, we have tried to find out that difference and if there is any correlation and linear relationship between height and forced expiratory flow curve. There were a total of 163 subjects, male 93 and female 70. This study was done at the Department of Pulmonary Function Test of Jeon-Ju Presbyterian Hospital and we measured the index at the forced expiratory flow curve of FVC, $FEV_{1.0}$, $FEV_{1.0}$/FVC, $FEF_{25-75%}$, and $FEF_{200-1200m{\ell}}$. When we subjected the group of height more than 160cm, there were gradual increments at FVC(p<0.001), $FEV_{1.0}$(p<0.001), $FEF_{25-75%}$(p<0.05) and $FEF_{200-1200m{\ell}}$(p<0.001), but no changes at $FEV_{1.0}$/FVC in terms of forced expiratory flow curve index. We have analyzed the relationship between height and forced expiratory flow curve, there was a close relationship at FVC(r=0.670, p<0.01), $FEV_{1.0}$(r=0.491, p<0.01), $FEF_{25-75%}$ (r=0.175, p<0.05) and $FEF_{200-1200m{\ell}}$(r=0.370, p<0.01) but there was reciprocal relationship at $FEV_{1.0}$/FVC(r=-0.215, p<0.01). We have tried simple regression analysis to see if height affects forced expiratory flow curve index as a sector, and the result was $FVC(\ell)=0.0642{\times}height(cm)-7.2978$(p<0.01, $R^2=0.449$), $FEV_{1.0}(\ell)=0.0407{\times}height(cm)-4.2774$ (p<0.01, $R^2=0.2411$), $FEV_{1.0}/FVC(%)=-0.2892{\times}height(cm)+121.44$(p<0.01, $R^2=0.0464$), $FEF_{25-75%}(\ell/sec)=0.0176{\times}height(cm)-0.7876$(p<0.05, $R^2=0.0237$), $FEF_{200-1200m{\ell}}(\ell/sec)=0.0967{\times}height(cm)-11.037$(p<0.01, $R^2=0.1214$) this was approved statistically. According to this study, if height is taller than average, forced expiratory flow curve index were increased, there was a close relationship between height and forced expiratory flow curve, and there was a linear relationship as sector between height and forced expiratory flow curve index. Therefore, researches that study other factors such as sex, age, weight, body surface area, and obesity indexes other than height should be done to see if there are any further relationships.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1721-1724
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• 2013

Objective: To investigate the effect of epirubicin on soluble CD25 (sCD25) secretion by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells isolated from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. Methods: Treg cells were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from the newly diagnosed DBLCL patients. The concentration of sCD25 in the supernatant was determined with a commercial sCD25 (IL-2R) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The fluorescence intensity of CD25 was detected by flow cytometry. Results: Cell survival rate was significantly decreased along with the increase of epirubicin concentration after treatment for 24 h. There was also a significant difference in the concentration of sCD25 between the epirubicin group and the control group (P<0.01). A positive correlation between the Treg cells survival rate and the concentration of sCD25 was detected (r=0.993, P<0.01). When equal numbers of CD4+CD25+ Treg cells of the epirubicin group and the control group were cultured for another 24 h without epirubicin the CD25 fluorescence intensity on the surface of Treg cells was obviously higher in the epirubicin group than that in the control group (P<0.01), while the sCD25 concentration in the supernatant in the epirubicin group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Epirubicin may improve the body's immune functions by inhibiting the sCD25 secretion by Treg cells in DLBCL patients.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.107-112
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• 2008

urpose: This thesis is a study the Night myopia was surveyed by Subjective refraction and Objective refraction (Dark retinoscopy), and analyzed the relationship between them. It also looked at the relation between Night myopia and pupil size. Methods: 82 adult subjects (ages of 19 to 44, 44 males and 38 females) were examined by Subjective refraction and Objective refraction in the light place. Then Night myopia and pupil size were examined by Subjective refraction and Objective refraction in the dark again. The Statistics were analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science). Results: As the subjects became younger, the observed Night myopia was getting higher in both Subjective refraction, $x^2$=219.48 (p<0.01) and Objective refraction, $x^2$=241.98 (p<0.01). The relationship was statistically significant by showing large pupil size, $x^2$=151.74 (p<0.01). In Objective refraction, as pupil size became larger in the dark place, so did Night myopia, $x^2$=84.27 (p<0.01), reaching a statistically significant correlation, however, the correlation was low in Subjective refraction. In Subjective refraction, observed Night myopia was 73%, 64 examples of 88 examples, a standard of 0.96${\pm}$0.4584D in ${\pm}$0.25D, in male examples, and it was 64%, 49 examples of 76 examples, a standard of 1.01${\pm}$0.4509D in ${\pm}$0.25D, in female examples. In Objective refraction, it was 48%, 42 examples of 88 examples, in standard of 0.85${\pm}$0.4651D in ${\pm}$0.25D, in male examples. And it was 71%, 54 examples of 76 examples, in standard of 0.96${\pm}$0.4133D in ${\pm}$0.25D, in female examples. Conclusions: Night myopia which is measured by both methods, observed as $x^2$=265.35 (p<0.01) and showed a large relationship. The correlation between the two refractions suggests that observed night myopia diopter by Subjective refraction could be used as correction of night myopia.