• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.819-829
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• 2022

Professional baseball is one of the spectator sports that has been loved for a long time by the citizens as a recreational activity since its establishment in 1982, and has been playing pivotal role as a national sport. However, there has been decline in the number of audiences since 2019. Hence, this research paper aimed to provide strategic direction for planning and improvement of professional baseball stadiums by applying the concept of servicescape. In this research, five key factors of servicescape that affects players performance and the level of immersion of spectators were derived through literature review, and based on these key factors, case study analysis were carried out for 51 domestic and foreign baseball stadiums while focusing on the factors derived. Domestic baseball stadiums highly concentrate on spectatorship without effectively responding to change in spectators demand and its effective use of space rather than baseball games. As in foreign cases, it is critical to modify mangement process and planning direction, and improve policies while perceiving baseball stadium as recreational and cultural space.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.330-342
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• 2012

Most of professional baseball teams are not good for business condition because of operation costs in spite of support of mother company. This study measured the relative efficiency and productivity change of the Korean professional baseball teams using DEA model and Malmquist Index for 2006-2008. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, in case of efficiency of CCR for 2006-2008, the number of efficient professional baseball teams(CCR value is one) are two(Doosan Bears, Samsung Lions), two(Doosan Bears, SK Wyberns), two(Lotte Giants, LG Twins) respectively. Second, in case of efficiency of BCC for 2006-2008, the number of efficient professional baseball teams(BCC value is one) are three(Doosan Bears, Samsung Lions, LG Twins ), four(Doosan Bears, SK Wyberns, Samsung Lions, Kia Tigers), four(Lotte Giants, LG Twins, SK Wyberns, Samsung Lions) respectively. Third, average of Malmquist Index representing productivity change for 2006-2008 are 1.0615, 1.0293 respectively. These values mean increase of productivity. Results of this study can be used by inefficient professional baseball teams to improve inefficiency.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.147-154
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• 2019

Baseball was first introduced in Korea by American Gillette, who was the general manager of the YMCA in the late Joseon Dynasty. There are many discussions about the timing of the first baseball game in Korea, but it has yet to be sorted out. But what is certain is that baseball was introduced directly from the after 1903, when the first Korea YMCA, the Hwang seong Christian Youth Association, was founded. Gillett studied at Springfield YMCA International Training School in the United States from 1900 to 1901. The school is where Gulick worked as a teacher, who actively embraced strong Christianity from Britain and laid the foundation for the YMCA project in the United States. Therefore, Gillett was influenced by this Muscular Christianity, and the reason behind the introduction of baseball in our country is the same Muscular Christianity idea. Gillett, the manager of the YMCA in Korea, has developed various sports projects in Korea based on this Manager idea. It also helped the Korean people, who have been under Japanese colonial rule since 1905, to strengthen their bodies and minds and It helped the independence movement of Koreans. These specific and practical examples are YMCA baseball team active and the 105-member incident.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.15-21
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• 2002

We studied the relations between variables related to fan's preference in a area of pro-baseball which is the most popular one among pro-sports. The dependent variables are pro-baseball team fan's preference to both the team and the products of the company which has a pro-baseball team, while the independent variables are sex, age, and hometown of fans. Eight hypotheses are constructed with those variables. For testing them a questionnaire was used, whose reliability was checked using Kronbach Alpha. Subjects were 314 college students in a local city. For statistical analysis nonparametric tests like Mann Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, etc were used. Useful and significant results among variables were obtained. Since these results have important implications about management of pro-sports teams and fans and fans Preference to products in a view of sports marketing management, more researches should be done continuously in the future in this area.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.1585-1592
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• 2016

Estimation of winning percentage in baseball has always been particularly interesting to many baseball fans. We have fitted models including linear regression and Pythagorean formula to the Korean baseball data of seasons from 1982 to 2015. Using RMSE criterion for both the linear formula and the Pythagorean formula, we compared two models in predicting the actual winning percentage. Pythagorean expectation is superior to linear formula when there is either high or low winning percentage. Two methods yield very similar efficiencies when the actual winning percentage is about 50%. To understand and use for estimating winning percentage, it is easier linear formula as estimated equations.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.169-175
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• 2011

Since 2009, a new method of computing the percentage of victories is being used in the regular league of the Korean professional baseball. This method produced enormous results from the first year of application, and also had an effect on the team standings in 2010. In this paper, we have examined the effects this method had on the Korean professional baseball in 2009 and 2010. We also have discussed what the Korea Baseball Organization need to complement in using this method and suggested complementary measures.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.47-61
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• 2015

Recently, female announcers in the baseball programs on television are drawing attention to their fashion. This study analyzes the shape, color, material, detail, and accessory of female announcers in the baseball programs broadcasted by KBS N SPORTS, MBC SPORTS+, SBS Sports, and XTM. The characteristics of their fashion were classified into reliability, popularity, differentiation, attractiveness, and dynamics. The analysis showed that the fashion of the female announcers of KBS N SPORTS showed reliability in shape, color, material, accessory, popularity, and differentiation in detail. For MBC SPORTS+, the popularity was shown in shape, color, material, and attractiveness was shown in detail. For SBS Sports, the differentiation and attractiveness were shown in material, and the differentiation and dynamics were shown in accessory. For XTM, the attractiveness and dynamics were shown in shape, the differentiation and dynamics were shown in color, the dynamics were shown in material, and the popularity was shown in accessory.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2014

At the time the interest and love of the Korean professional baseball is increasing, the need for effective recruiting method rising. Recruiting existing methods were scheme based on expert evaluation, to obtain the players of each team. However, the existing method does not reflect only objective rating but also subjective way of school tie and delays are effect. Therefore the conventional method could not be the efficient. Therefore this paper analyze Korea baseball player's efficiency based on entire team and each team by using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) method, and use this efficiency to discuss effective way of recruiting players. Finally, the validity of experiment is confirmed by the matters of actual sell of players who are scouted by experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.653-659
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• 2015

The Pythagorean formula for baseball postulated by James (1982) indicates the winning percentage as a function of runs scored and runs allowed. However sometimes, the Pythagorean formula gives a less accurate estimate of winning percentage. We use the records of team vs team historic win loss records of Korean professional baseball clubs season from 2005 and 2014. Using assumption that the difference between winning percentage and pythagorean expectation are affected by unusual distribution of runs scored and allowed, we suppose that difference depends on mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation of runs scored per game and runs allowed per game, respectively. In conclusion, the discrepancy is mainly related to the coefficient of variation and standard deviation for run allowed per game regardless of run scored per game.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.455-468
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• 2008

Based on the huge baseball game records, the steal plays an important role to affect the result of games. For the research about success or failure of the steal in baseball games, logistic regression models are developed based on 2007 Korean professional baseball games. The analyses of logistic regression models are compared of those of the discriminant models. It is found that the performance of the logistic regression analysis is more efficient than that of the discriminant analysis. Also, we consider an alternative logistic regression model based on categorical data which are transformed from uneasy obtainable continuous data.