• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1143-1147
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• 1996

Video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS) is emerging as a potentially less invasive means of managing a wide variety of thoracic disorders. VATS was performed in 46 cases, in the Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery of Chonbuk national University Hospital from August 1992 to July 1995. There were 20 men and 26 women, whose age ranged from 14 to 56 years. They were diagnosed hyperhidrosis in 21 cases, mediastinal tumor in 12 cases, pneumothorax in· 10 cases, and one case each of lelomyoma of the esophagus, Raynaud's syndrome, Burger's disease. Operation time averaged 89.7 minutes, and no patient was converted to d thoracotomy. The number of troche used, period of chest tube drainage, and postoperative hospitalization were 3, 1.8 days, and 4.B days, respectively. The postoperative complication ocurred in 5 cases (remnant pneumothorax 1 case, phrenic nerve aralysis 1 case, persistant air leakage 2 cases, compensatory hyperhidrosis 1 case). One patient with persistent air leak was managed by thoracotomy on postoperative) days, and the other patient by chemical pleurodesis. One patient diagnosed pathologically as thymic carcinoma, was managed by radiation therapy. There was no postoperative death. VATS has the benefits of reduced postoperative pain and postoperative hospitalization, and good cutsmetic effect.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.385-393
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• 1997

다세포 생물에서 몸의 효율적 생존을 위한 각 기관의 homeostasis는 세포 증식과 사망에 의해 조절된다. 따라서, apoptosis라 명명된 세포사망은 정교한 기전에 의한 능동적이고 자발적인 사망기전으로써 몸의 정상적 유지를 위한 필수적인 현상이다. 발생기 세포나 신경세포 또는 흉선세포 분화 동안 과다한 세포의 제거가 apoptosis의 대표적인 예이며, 각종 호르몬에 의해 그 기능이 조절되는 난소세포에서도 apoptosis가 활발히 일어난다. Rat난소에는 태어날 때 수십 만개의 난포를 지니고 있는데, 이 중 단지 1%만이 배란에 사용되어질 뿐이고 나머지는 모두 사망하게 된다. 이러한 난포사망은 난소의 적절한 세포 수를 유지하기 위한 필수적 과정이며, 인위적으로 apoptosis를 억제하는 유전자인 bcl-2를 과다 발현시키면 난소암이 발생하는 연구결과가 이를 입증해주고 있다. 이처럼 중요한 난포 사망기전은 apoptosis라는 개념이 정립되면서 최근 들어 점차 그 연구가 활발해지고 있다. Apoptosis의 특징 중 뚜렷한 점은 DNA가 일정한 간격으로(180∼200 bp)잘려지는 DNA fragmentation현상으로, 이를 이용하여 DNA3'-end 부위에 방사선동위원소를 label한 후 이를 전기영동으로 분리하면 apoptosis를 손쉽게 측정할 수 있다. 난소의 기능은 시상하부호르몬인 LH와 FSH 뿐만 아니라 난소에서 분비되는 각종 난소국부호르몬들에 의해 조절된다. 특정한 발육단계의 난포는 특정한 호르몬에 의해 그 기능을 조절 받는데, 이러한 난소기능 조절기작은 매우 복잡한 경로를 지니고 있다. 이러한 복잡한 기작으로 인해 초기 연구에서첨 생체 내에서 밝히려는 연구 시도는 어려움에 부딪치게 되었다. 생체내 실험은 난소가 다양한 발육단계의 난포를 동시에 지니고 있어 특정한 발육단계의 난포 사망기전을 연구하기 어렵다. 또한 난포는 생체 내에서 다양한 호르몬을 동시에 분비하기 때문에 특정한 난소국부호르몬이 사망기전에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 힘든 점이 있다. 최근 들어 난포체외배양이 다양하게 개발되면서, 이러한 어려운 점을 극복할 수 있게 되었다. 본 논문은 각 발육단계의 난포를 절단해 체외배양하면서, apoptosis DNA 절단 현상을 이용하여 각종 난소국부 호르몬들이 난포발육단계별로 사망기전에 미치는 영향을 요약해 보였다. 난포는 발육하면서 점차 복잡한 호르몬 경로를 생존을 위해 필요로 한다. Prevulatory난포생존에 필요한 난소국부호르몬들은 early antral 단계의 난포에서는 그 미치는 영향이 감소되다가 preantral단계의 난포에서는 영향을 전혀 미치지 못했다. 단지 예외는 cGMP처리로써, 세포내 cGMP수준을 일정하게 유지시켜주는 것이 난포발육단계에 무관하게 생존에 중요한 인자로, 장래 연구는 난포 세포내의 cGMP수준을 조절하는 기작을 규명하는데 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.9-17
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• 2013

Butanethiol is known as a typical odorant with hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, but on the physical and chemical properties and biological hazard assessment, including inhalation toxicity data are very scarce. Butanethiol as a colorless transparent liquid, and has physic-chemical characteristics with flash point as $-23^{\circ}C$ and strong fire risk, boiling point $84-85^{\circ}C$, vapor pressure 80.71 mmHg ($25^{\circ}C$), freezing point $-140.14^{\circ}C$. From whole body exposure with SD rats, the $LC_{50}$ is above 2,500 ppm (9.22mg/L), and then it is classified as the acute toxic chemical (inhalation) category 4 according to the governmental notification No. 2012-14.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.243-248
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze the secondary carcinogenesis rate caused by exposure of organs at risk of damage using a glass dosimeter during radiosurgery in vestibular schwannoma disease. Using a pediatric phantom of human tissue equivalent material, the volume of the tumor was set to a total of three volumes: 0.506 cm³, 1.008 cm³, and 2.032 cm³, and a radiosurgery plan was established with an average dose of 18.4 ± 3.4 Gy. After mounting the human body phantom on the table of surgical equipment, glass dosimeters were placed on the right eye, left eye, thyroid gland, thymus, right lung, and left lung to measure the exposure dose, respectively. In this study, the incidence of secondary cancer due to exposure to damaged organs during gamma knife radiosurgery in vestibular schwannoma disease with the largest tumor volume of 2.032 cm³ was measured with a glass dosimeter. This study studies the risk of secondary radiation exposure dose that can occur during stereotactic radiosurgery, and it is considered that it will be used as basic data in the field of radiation damage related to the stochastic effect of radiation in the future.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 1998

This study has been focused on both estrogenic and proliferating activity of genistein (GEN) and bisphenol A (BPA). GEN and BPA enhance the proliferation of estrogen-dependent MCF-7 human breast cancer cells at concentrations as low as 100 nM of GEN and 8 ng/ml of BP A achieving similar effect to that of estradiol at 1 nM. Expression of the estrogen responsive gene, pS2 was also induced in MCF-7 cells by treatment with genistein at dose as low as 1 nM and BPA at dose as low as 4 ng/ml. Using 21 day-old ovariectomized nude mice, we examined end-bud formation and mammary gland development after treatment with bisphenol A or genistein. Compared with untreated control, mammary gland development and end-bud formation were significantly increased in mice fed genistein or bisphenol A (p<0.05). Taken together, it is concluded that GEN and BP A can act as an estrogen agonist resulting in cell proliferation and induction of the estrogen responsive pS2 gene in MCF-7 cells in vitro and in athymic mice in vivo, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that GEN and BP A might modulate human endocrine system and these compounds might be considered as a endocrine modulator at the low levels of doses.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 2004

Neutral salt-soluble, hot water-soluble and methanol-soluble materials (hereinafter referred to Fr. NaCl, Fr. HW and Fr. MeOH, respectively) were extracted from sclerotium of Grifola umbellata. The Fr. NaCl and Fr. HW did not show any direct cytotoxicity against NIH3T3, Sarcoma 180 and MCF-7, but Fr. MeOH showed cytotoxicity against these cell lines at the concentration of $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. Intraperitoneal injection with Fr. NaCl showed antitumor effect with life prolongation of 66.7% and decrease the number of Sarcoma 180 cells of 54.2% in mice inoculated with Sarcoma 180. Fr. NaCl improved the immunopotentiation activity through alternative complement pathway and the alkaline phosphatase activity by $85.05{\sim}88.73%$ and 6 folds, respectively. The number of peritoneal exudate cells and the circulating leucocytes were increased by 1.7 and 3.6 folds in the Fr. NaCl treating group compared with the control group, respectively. The weight of immunoorgans such as liver, spleen and thymus were also gradually increased. The hematological analysis of the Fr. NaCl group was similar with that of the control group. The total polysaccharide and protein contents of Fr. NaCl were 98.25% and 1.44%, respectively. These results indicate that the antitumor activity of Fr. NaCl was exerted through immunopotentiation, but not through cytotoxicity against the tumor cells.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2008

Russula rosacea, one of edible and medicinal mushroom belonging Agaricales of Basidiomycota, has been known to have good inhibitory effects on sarcoma 180 and Ehrlich carcinoma of mice. Neutral saline soluble (0.9% NaCl), hot water soluble and methanol soluble substances (hereinafter referred to Fr. NaCl, Fr. HW and Fr. MeOH, respectively) were extracted from fruiting body of the mushroom. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, crude polysaccharides were not cytotoxic against cancer cell lines such as Sarcoma 180, HepG2, HT-29 and NIH3T3 at the concentration of $10{\sim}2000\;{\mu}g/ml$. Intraperitoneal injection with crude polysaccharides exhibited life prolongation effect of $21.4{\sim}45%$ in mice previously inoculated with Sarcoma 180. Fr. HW improved the immuno-potentiation activity of B lymphocyte by increasing the alkaline phosphatase activity by 6.8 fold compared with control at the concentration of $500\;{\mu}g/ml$. In case of Fr. NaCl, the numbers of peritoneal exudate cells and circulating leukocytes were increased by 6 and 2.6 folds at the concentration of 50 mg/kg, respectively. Therefore, the antitumor effect against mice Sarcoma 180 by Russula rosacea could be due to immunomodulating activity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.343-348
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• 2006

To investigate the immunostimulating and anticancer activities from hot water extract of Capsosiphon fulvescens, tumor cell toxicity, sarcoma-180 growth inhibition activity, complement system-activity, intestinal immune system and oral toxicity were performed. The extract of Capsosiphon fulvescens was prepared by hot water and precipitated by using ethanol. Partially purified extract (CFE) was obtained after dialysis and ultrafiltration. The polysaccharide compositions consisted of xylose(19.1%), fucose(15.3%), mannose(4.2%) and galactose(7.9%). The tumor cell toxicity of CFE slightly showed at high concentrations of 10-30 ${\mu}g/ml$, but inhibition ratio against mouse solid tumor was more increased for CFE of 40.1-59.4% than the control. Blood leukocyte counts increased to a maximum of 83% including liver, spleen and thymic of mouse. Immunoglobulin A binding amounts showed a high level of CFE of $2,454{\pm}113.8-2,670{\pm}133.1{\mu}g/mg$ in comparison with the control of $2,092{\pm}123.0{\mu}g/mg$. Acute toxicity of CFE was not detected at the concentration of 2,000 mg/kg in normal mouse.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2006

Tremella fuciformis, one of edible and medicinal mushroom belonging to Tremellaceae of Basidiomycota, has been known to have a curative effect on sarcoma 180 of mice and lowering high blood pressure of human beings. Neutral salt soluble [0.9% NaCl (Fr. NaCl)], hot water soluble (Fr. HW) and methanol soluble (Fr. MeOH) substances were extracted from Tremella fuciformis. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, Fr. HW and Fr. NaCl were not cytotoxic against cancer cell lines such as NIH3T3, Sarcoma 180, and HT-29 at the concentration of $2000{\mu}g/ml$, while Fr. MeOH was cytotoxic to NIH3T3 and Sarcoma 180. Intraperitoneal injection with Fr. NaCl showed antitumor effect with life prolongation of 53% in mice inoculated with Sarcoma 180. Fr. NaCl improved the immunopotentiation activity of B lymphocyte by increasing the alkaline phosphatase activity by $3.0{\sim}8.1$ folds, respectively. Intraperitoneal injection with Fr. NaCl increased the numbers of peritoneal exudated cells and circulating leukocytes by 7.4 folds and 1.6 folds, respectively, than in the control group. The antitumor effect of T. fuciformis against Sarcoma 180 of mice was likely due to immunopotentiation activity.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2006

Armillaria mellea, one of edible and medicinal mushroom belonging to Tricholomataceae of Basid-iomycota, has been known to have outstanding inhibitive effects on the sarcoma 180 and Erhrlich carcinoma of mice. Neutral salt soluble (0.9% NaCl), hot water soluble and methanol soluble substances (hereinafter referred to Fr. NaCl, Fr, HW and Fr. MeOH, respectively) were extracted from the mushroom. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, crude polysaccharide were not cytotoxic against cancer cell lines such as NIH3T3 and Sarcoma 180 at the concentration of $1000{\mu}g/ml$. Intraperitoneal injection with crude polysaccharides exhibited life prolongation effect of $60{\sim}67.5%$ in mice inoculated with Sarcoma 180, respectively. Fr, NaCl improved the immunopotentiation activity of B lymphocyte by increasing the alkaline phosphatase activity by $1.8{\sim}3.0$ folds, respectively. In case of Fr. NaCl, the numbers of peritoneal exudate cells and circulating leukocytes were increased by 10 and 2 folds, respectively.