• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.33-40
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• 2004

The eliminating of organic compound is essential process of the recovery of zinc sulfate from zinc sulfate waste water contained organic compound. The ozone oxidation and adsorption treatment is good for eliminating of organic compound in waste water. The zinc oxide treated an excess of sulfuric acid for zinc sulfate. We got zinc sulfate 740g from water 1kg.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.555-562
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• 2010

For the rapid and reliable detection of toxic compounds in water, a novel toxicity detection methodology based on sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) has been developed. The methodology exploits the ability of SOB to oxidize elemental sulfur to sulfuric acid in the presence of oxygen. The reaction results in an increase in electrical conductivity (EC) and a decrease in pH. Using a synthetic stream water (EC=0.12 mS/cm and pH=7.2), the baseline steady-state EC and pH values were 0.5~1.2 mS/cm and ~2.5 over 7 days of testing at HRT 30 minutes. When nitrite compounds were added to the system, the effluent EC decreased and the pH increased due to the inhibition of the SOB. Optimum HRT was 30 min and this HRT could be decresed by using smaller sulfur particles.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 1993

Concentrations of sulfate and 6-values of sulfate, $({\delta}^{34}SO_4_){pw}$, dissolved In pore waters were measured from the sediment cores of the two different marine environments : deep northeast Pacific (57-1) and coastal Kyunggi Bay of Yellow Sea (57-2) . Sulfate concentration in pore waters decreases with depth at both cores, reflecting sulfate reduction in the sediment columns. However, much higher gradient of pore water sulfate at 57-2 than 57-1 indicates more rapid sulfate reduction at 57-2, because of high sedimentation rate at the coastal area compared to the deep-sea. The measured 6-values, $({\delta}^{34}SO_4_){pw}$, follow extremely well the predicted trend of the Rayleigh fractionation equation. The range of 26.756 to 61.35% at the coastal core 57-2 is not so great as that of 32.4$\textperthousand$ to 97.8$\textperthousand$ at the deep-sea core 57-1. Despite greater graclient of pore water sulfate at 57-2, the 6-values become lower than those of the deep- sea core 57-1. This inverse relation between the 6-values and the gradients of pore water sulfate could be explained by the combination of the two subsequent factors : the kinetic effect by which the residual pore water sulfate becomes progressively enriched with respect to the heavy isotope of $^{34}S$ as sulfate reduction proceeds, and the intrinsic formulation effect of the Rayleigh fractionation equation in which the greater becomes the fractionation factor, the more diminished values of $({\delta}^{34}SO_4_){pw}$ are predicted.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.15 no.4 s.72
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• pp.60-63
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• 2006

Waste aluminum dross was leached with sulfuric acid to prepare alum used for water treatment product. The remained metallic aluminum in the waste aluminum dross was extracted into the solution to make aluminum sulfate solution. The solution could be used as alum for water treatment product after adjusting the required alumina concentration and the basicity. Comparing to the conventional method for alum using aluminum hydroxide, material cost could be saved in this method. Also, there is an additional merit in view of recycling of the waste aluminum dross by reducing the amount of waste dross to be landfilled.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.371-377
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• 2004

Sulfate adsorption in forest soils is a process of sulfur dynamics playing an important role in plant uptake, cation movement, acid neutralization capacity and so on. The relationship between sulfate adsorption and some physicochemical properties of four forest soils was investigated. Extractable sulfate contents and sulfate adsorption capacity (SAC) in the forest soils varied much among study sites. Extractable sulfate contents were more in sub-surface soils with lower organic matter and greater Al and Fe oxides than in surface soils. The average contents of $Al_d$ and $Fe_d$ in the sub-surface soils were 8.49 and $12.45g\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. Soil pH, cation exchange capacity and clay content were positively correlated with the extractable sulfate contents and SAC. Organic carbon content, however, was negatively correlated with the extractable sulfate contents, implying the competitive adsorption of sulfate with soil organic matter. Considerably significant correlation was found between inorganic + amorphous Al and Fe oxides and the sulfate adsorption, but crystalline Al and other fractions of Fe oxide showed no correlation. Relatively close relationship between the adsorbed sulfates and soil pH, cation exchange capacity, or amorphous Al oxides indicates that the accelerated soil acidification may substantially reduce the potential for sulfate adsorption contributing to sulfur flux in forest ecosystems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.197.2-197.2
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• 2014

그래핀(graphene)의 라만 스펙트럼은 전하밀도(charge density)와 기계적 변형(strain)에 민감하여 연구에 널리 활용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기계적 박리법으로 만든 그래핀에 황산 수용액으로 p-형 화학도핑(chemical doping)을 유발시키고 전하밀도의 변이에 따른 라만 스펙트럼의 변화를 조사하였다. 이러한 변화를 통해 황산과 물 분자의 계면 확산을 이해하고, $SiO_2/Si$ 기판의 화학적 특성이 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 분자의 효율적인 계면 확산을 위해 고온 산화반응을 이용하여 그래핀의 기저면에 나노공(nanopore)을 만든 후, 액상에서 라만 스펙트럼을 측정하였다. 증류수 속에 담궜을 때 물 분자가 그래핀-기판 계면 사이로 확산되면서 열처리에 의해 유발된 정공이 사라짐을 확인하고, D-봉우리의 가역적인 변화로부터 그래핀의 구조적 변화를 유추하였다. 황산 농도를 증가시켰을 때 G와 2D-봉우리의 진동수가 상호간에 일정한 비율로 증가하여 정공의 밀도가 증가함 알 수 있었다. 동일한 시료에 대해 황산의 농도를 감소시킴으로써 p-형 도핑을 제거하고 동일한 반응을 가역적으로 반복할 수 있었다. 상기한 분자의 2차원 확산 현상은 나노공의 유무와 기판의 전처리 조건에 따라 크게 달라진다는 사실을 확인 할 수 있었다. 또한 여러 파장에서 측정된 전하밀도와 기계적 변형에 의한 G와 2D-봉우리의 진동수 변화로부터 다른 연구자들이 활용할 수 있는 검정곡선을 제시하였다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2017

Recovery of sulfuric acid is very important after biomass converted to sugar by acid hydrolysis. In this work, the separation of sulfuric acid from sulfuric acid/glucose solution was studied by electrodiaysis. Three chamber method, which requires both anion membrane and cation membrane, is the most commonly used in the electrodialysis process, but two chamber method using only an anion membrane was the focus of this study. Sulfuric acid was perfectly separated from a mixture of 10~30 wt% glucose and 1~3 M sulfuric acid by electrodialysis using two chamber method. The separation rate of sulfuric acid lineary increased with higher current density when the affect of diffusion and convection of the membrane was small. Without electric energy, 45% of sulfuric acid was separated by diffusion and convection only.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2005

This study examined the feasibility of producing sulfuric acid and ammonia water from ammonium sulfate solution using two-compartment electrodialysis with a bipolar membrane (EDBM). Electrodialysis experiments were carried out with 20 wt% ammonium sulfate at different current densities and sulfuric acid concentrations in a concentrate compartment. The current efficiency increased with the current density from 25 to $100\;mA/cm^2$. Nevertheless, the efficiency was relatively low compared with that of general desalting electrodialysis, owing to the diffusion of sulfuric acid from the concentrate compartment to the diluate. The diffusion rate through the anion exchange membrane increased with the sulfuric acid concentration in the concentrate compartment, which decreased the current efficiency. Conversely, the electrical resistance decreased with increasing current density owing to the Joulian heat generated during water dissociation in the transition region of the bipolar membrane under a high electric field. From the experimental results, we concluded that operating at a higher current density is effective from the perspective of current efficiency and electrical resistance when producing sulfuric acid and ammonia water from ammonium sulfate using a two-compartment EDBM process. Further studies on the effects of increasing the sulfuric acid concentration on current efficiency are required to apply the EDBM process practically.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2010

It has been well known that concrete structures exposed to acid and sulfate environments such as sewer, sewage and wastewater, soil, groundwater, and seawater etc. show significant decrease in their durability due to chemical attack. Such deleterious acid and sulfate attacks lead to expansion and cracking in concrete, and thus, eventually result in damage to concrete matrix by forming expansive hydration products due to the reaction between portland cement hydration products and acid and sulfate ions. Objectives of this experimental research are to investigate the effect of mineral admixtures on the resistance to acid and sulfate attack in concrete and to suggest high-resistance concrete mix against acid and sulfate attack. For this purpose, concretes specimens with three types of cement (ordinary portland cement (OPC), binary blended cement (BBC), and ternary blended cement (TBC) composed of different types and proportions of admixtures) were prepared at water-biner ratios of 32% and 43%. The concrete specimens were immersed in fresh water, 5% sulfuric acid, 10% sodium sulfate, and 10% magnesium sulfate solutions for 28, 56, 91, 182, and 365 days, respectively. To evaluate the resistance to acid and sulfate for concrete specimens, visual appearance changes were observed and compressive strength ratios and mass change ratios were measured. It was observed from the test results that the resistance against sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate solutions of the concretes containing mineral admixtures were much better than that of OPC concrete, but in the case of magnesium sulfate solution the concretes containing mineral admixtures was less resistant than OPC concrete due to formation of magnesium silicate hydrate (M-S-H) which is non-cementitious.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.273-273
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• 2000

우리나라 대기환경기준은 이미 선진국 수준으로 강화되었거나 강화될 계획으로 있어 이에 따른 대기오염 방지시설의 설치 또는 보완이 요구되고 있다. 특히, 배기가스 중 황산화물 배출농도 강화로 황산화물 저감을 위한 배연탈황설비 설치ㆍ가동중에 있으나 황산 Mist가 주요원인으로 추정되는 Plume Opacity가 발생되어 대기 중에서 색깔을 띄게됨에 따라 오염물질 배출농도는 법적 규제기준 이내로 배출되더라도 인간의 심리적 불안감을 유발할 수 있어, 그 발생원인을 규명함과 동시에 현장여건에 적합한 최적의 황산 Mist 저감방법을 연구하고자 하였다. (중략)