• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-60
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• 2008

Korea has been doing a two-port system as a main port development policy and developing the port of Busan and Gwangyang as the transshipment hubs in the northeast Asia. However, the growth rate of the transshipment container volume of the Gwangyang port in 2007 was sharply dropping more than 31.4%. The reasons why reduced the growth rate of transshipment cargo were from the port development in north China and the direct callings of ships. Therefore, it is time to evaluate the transshipment hub port policy of Korea. This study would recognize the decision criteria of shipping companies as customers for the transshipment hub in the northeast Asia by the AHP methodology based on Lirn et al. (2004). It has been known the costs of shipping companies and port location as the main first tier criteria for transshipment ports, and container handling charges, closeness to the main navigation route, carriers' strategy, and nearness to the feeder ports as the important second tier factors. Finally, the domestic terminal operating companies would focus on only a few attributes including the terminal cost factor, but the international shipping companies would be considering more several factors than they do. Therefore, the transshipment port strategy should be enriched in the near future.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.165-185
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• 2011

Transshipment traffic has significant meanings because it gives positive effects on increasing the container handling volumes in seaports, and revitalizes the regional and national development. Korean container port's transshipment traffic volumes, however, will slowly decrease due to the direct ships' calling into Chinese ports, which recently has a huge development plan. There are a lot of stress on forecasting the transshipment traffic volumes because the Korean container port development plans are designed based on this container traffic which consists of import and export traffic, and transshipment traffic. The transshipment traffic volumes are assumed to occupy 40% of total container traffic volumes. Despite of the importance of forecasting the transshipment traffic, a little studies are suggested using the concepts of the port competitiveness. In this respect, this study aims to estimate the Port Competitiveness Index and Transshipment traffic Volumes using the System Dynamics methodology. As a result, transshipment traffic volumes are predicted as: 20 million TEUs in Korea under the 4% annual increasing rates, 90 million TEUs in China under the 6% annual increasing rates, and 2.5 million TEUs in Japan under the 1% annual increasing rates respectively. The suggested results can be used to enhance the container port competitiveness and produce more transshipment traffic volumes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Port Economic Association Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.423-439
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• 2007

중국은 지난 1978년 개혁개방정책을 실시한 이후 연평균 9%를 상회하는 경제성장률을 기록하였고 이는 중국발 수출입화물의 급격한 증가로 이어졌다. 그러나 폭증하는 수출입화물에도 불구하고 중국은 항만인프라의 부족으로 인근 부산항을 이용해 왔고 이것이 세계적인 부산항으로 부상하는데 결정적 기여를 했다는 것은 사설이다. 그러나 부산항이 처리한 환적화물의 경우 2002년에 32.5%였던 환적화물 증가세가 2005년에는 8.1%로 낮아졌으며, 2006년에도 전년대비 0.6%로 기록하면서 성장세가 크게 둔화되고 있다. 이 같은 상황에 처하게 되자 우리나라는 2006년 1월 19일 진해신항 개항과 더불어 기존의 '동북아 중심 국가 추진전략'과 병행하여 '국제물류 네트워크 강화를 통한 고부가가치 물류 허브화 전략'을 수립하여 시행하고 있다. 이 전략은 앉아서 환적화물을 기다리던 수동적인정책에서 벗어나 물류체계의 혁신을 통한 물류 네트워크 확대/ 적극적인 대외 협력 등을 통해 우리 항만이 기업과 환적화물의 안정적인 유치기반을 조성하는 한편, 물류와 금융, 건설, IT 등 관련 산업과의 연계를 통해 우리 물류기업이 글로벌 기업으로 성장하고 세계로 진출할 수 있는 진해신항의 환적화물 유치방안을 마련하여 우리나라 경제성장의 동력이자 미래 경제 전략의 중요한 밑거름이 될 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.549-552
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• 2015

The Korean government establishes a strategy to develop the Busan New Port as a world ranking two transit-oriented port. This paper aims at presenting an efficient Inter-Terminal Transportation system in the Busan New Port as a method of achieving the government strategy. It proposes four systems to treat Inter-Terminal Transportation in the port; Double stack Multiple Trailer System (DMTS) Rail-based transportation system, Private road for Inter-Terminal Transportation, and platform for Inter-Terminal Transportation. This is shown to highly potential for efficient Inter-Terminal Transportation in the port.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.59-60
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• 2018

Busan New Port has continued to expand its capacity to handle transshipment cargos exceeding 50 percent of its total volume, but it is considered inefficient because of the work scheduling based on the worker experience. In particular, depending on the transshipment task situation, which often requires an external truck, excessive congestion caused by the vehicle's delay can lead to increased logistics costs and social costs. One way to resolve this issue is to minimize the single transport of the truck and to maximize dual-cycle transport by putting the finished truck into another task. Therefore, we would like to study how to efficiently schedule transportation transshipment cargos between terminals considering dual-cycle.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.3 s.119
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• pp.197-204
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• 2007

Busan Port has been facing critical situation in terms of container handling volume, especially growth rate of transshipment(T/S) container of the year of 2006 was at a standstill. Annual average growth rate of T/S container during the period of 2003 to 2006 slowed down to 7.7% while it recorded over 34% to the period of 1999 to 2002. It has mainly resulted from the change of circumstance of Northeast Asian ports, that is, firstly mega carriers' increasing direct call to Northern Chinese ports such as Qingdao, Tianjin and Dairen effected to T/S container volume of Busan port, secondly start to operate deep-water port of Shanghai, thirdly Japanese super hub port project to handle their local containers at domestic ports. This paper aims to analyze the T/S type of inter-routes and hub and spoke and statistical status of Busan port. The purpose of the paper is to propose new concept which is to attract T/S container utilizing hub port function of Busan port in Northeast Asia It is that mega carriers are given dedicated terminals to use Busan port as T/S base in the region.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.397-404
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• 2010

The Currently, most cargos of container transshipment between Busan Port and New Port are transported over land, and the rest is transported by barge. This study estimated firstly the traffic between those ports through simulations in order to analyze the feasibility of container transshipment by barge. It forecasted annual profitability using determinants to affect on the barge business by the traffic, and then, discussed the feasibility. This study supposed the flexible scenarios with 50%, 60%, 80%, or 100% transshipment and the 25 monthly barge service numbers between two ports, and measured the influences of different factors according to the above various scenarios. And then the sales were evaluated by the different traffics and freights scenarios provided the business would be actually operated. Finally, Net incomes were simulated to analyze the feasibility of different scenarios by various traffics and freights. The net income should be positive to get the feasibility. To achieve this, the minimum traffic should be secured and the lowest freight per TEU should be determined. While all countries of the world is controlling CO2 emissions and emphasizes the green logistics, this study contributed to solve at the same time the problems about the pollution and the efficiency of transportation by reviewing positively the feasibility of barge transportation as an alternative to transportation overland.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1279-1287
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• 2014

The Korean government establishes a strategy to develop the Busan New Port as a world ranking two transit-oriented port. This paper aims at presenting an efficient inter-terminal transport (ITT) system in the Busan New Port as a method of achieving the government strategy. First, it presents results of long term forecast for the inter-terminal transportation volume in the port. Second, it proposes two systems to treat ITT in the port; Double stack Multiple Trailer System (DMTS) and Rail-based transportation system. The implementation methods in the port are introduced in detail for the both systems, and the required number of the systems and costs are calculated for implementation of both the systems. B/C for DMTS is analyzed to 3.7, moreover unit-fare per [$ton{\cdot}km$] can is lowered to 67% against current fare. DMTS is shown to highly potential for efficient ITT in the port.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.97-120
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• 2011

Purpose of this study is to define competitiveness and attribution factors of Busan port on attracting high value added business such as transshipment cargo. Research finds condition to become optimal transshipment port comprises both internal and external circumstances. As for the internal circumstance, scale and location of the distripark as well as port facilities and the rates, for the external circumstance, international network and information technology on logistics managements are providing positive effects. Optimal plans to attract transshipment cargo should include, first, development of total logistics management system from port entry to unloading, transportation, processing, loading to departure. Second, assign port as free trade zone under customs law to attract foreign investment and goods traffic through tax exemption. Third, unless it is illegal, government needs to grant substantial freedom to shift capital for the foreign investors which will lead increase in cargo traffic and foreign investment.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.314-324
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• 2021

Competition between ports around the world is intensifying to attract transshipment cargo. However, recently, there have been concerns about the departure of transshipment cargo volume at Busan Port, such as the lifting of the cabotage policy in China's shipping sector and the implementation of a safe fare system. In terms of operation, terminal congestion and vehicle waiting time are seriously occurring due to imbalance in the transshipment volume of each terminal and vehicles concentrated in a specific time period. In this paper, we propose a method of inter-terminal transportation (ITT) using buffer space to solve the problem caused by inefficient ITT systems and presented a mixed integer programming (MIP) for the problem. The effect of using the buffer space was analyzed for various work volumes and capacity fluctuation ranges by applying the terminal congestion pattern and ITT vehicle in/out pattern based on the Busan New Port data.