• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.275-285
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• 1998

Antibody responses(IgG) to Paragonimus westermani. Clonorchis sinensis, Cysticercus cellulosae, Sparganum Anisakis simplex, Toxocara canis and Trichinella spiralis were studied. The ELISA technique was performed to determine the prevalence of above helminthic diseases. 975 cases obtained from Yanbian of China during October, 1995 to July, 1997 were examined with a positive antibody titer of 5.74% in clonorchiasis, 4.92% in paragonimiasis, 1.54% in cysticercosis. 8.51% in sparganosis, 1.85% in anisakiosis, 12.51% in toxocariasis, and 7.08% in trichinosis respectively. And 23.87% in showed positive antibody titer at least one of the seven helminths. The differences of the age and sex in the positive sera were analysed by the Chi-squared test and the level of significance accepted was p<0.05. The significant differences in positive antibody production were P.W.(p<0.01). C.S.(p<0.01), A.S.(p<0.05). T.C.(p<0.001), and T.S.(p<0.01) respectively in age groups. sparganosis(p<0.05) in sex groups. Other parasites showed that there were no significant differences among age groups and sex groups(males and females). Higher positive antibody rate of C.S. and P.W. occured in the 50-59 years old and those of T.C. and T.S. happened in the 20-29 years old. Patients of internal disease showed more positive antibody titer, that is to say, there was significant difference between positive rate of internal diseases and that of control (p<0.01. p<0.05) in 6 helminths except cysticercosis. The result showed that some cross reactions existed among nematodes, and the developed techniques(EITB) should be done for a correct diagnosis. Also the prevalence of some important helminths may be evaluated from the result and it would be a basic data for controlling parasitic diseases in Yanbian.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.549-558
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• 2002

3.5살짜리 래브라도 리트리버(Labrador Retriever)는 매일 처방되는 피질스테로이드제에 무반응으로 비계절적, 심한 소양증을 2년간 앓고 있는 병력을 갖고 있었다. 공기유래 알레르겐(알러젠; Allergens)들에 대한 시험관내 RAST1(Radioallergosorbent testing; 방사선 알레르기 흡착 시험법)에 양성으로 나타난 것을 기초로 한 면역요법(Immunotherapy)을 18개월 동안 시행했으나 성공적이지 않았다. 부신피질호르몬(Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, ACTH)자극 시험법은 이것이 본래 임상수의사에 의해 발생(Iatrogenic)된 것임을 예시하여준다. 피부 찰과물(Skin scrapings)을 검사한 결과 개 천공개선충(Sarcoptic mange)이라는 진단이 내려졌다. 이버맥틴(Ivermectin)치료효과와 피질스테로이드(Corticosteroid)의 투약중지에 대한 반응이 극적으로 나타났다. 10개월 추적기간(10-month follow-up period)동안에 이 질병은 재발되지 않았다. 이것은 비록 계절적인 알레르겐을 배제하기 위해 긴 기간동안 추적이 필요하였으나 개 천공개선충이 오히려 피질스테로이드요법에 대한 2차적인 것보다는 1차적인 질병이라는 것을 말해준다. 아토피의 진단을 위해 혈청학적 시험법의 이용이 논의되었다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.285-288
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• 2003

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis leading to inflammation and obstruction of the tracheobronchial tree may cause the cystic changes in the lung. We performed segmentectomy of lung under the diagnosis of congenital cystic lung disease in an infant of 2 weeks presenting severe respiratory failure. Histology and serology confirmed congenital CMV bronchiolopneumonitis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 1998

돼지 생식기호흡기증후군(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, PRRS) 바이러스가 웅돈에 감염되었을 경우에는 정충의 기형 등 정액의 질 저하와 더불어 정액에 바이러스가 함유되어 있어 종부시 모돈에 바이러스를 전파하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 감염된 웅돈의 정액으로 인공수정을 실시할 경우 농장의 모돈 전체에 순식간에 바이러스를 전파하여 막대한 피해를 유발할 가능성이 높다. 따라서 감염웅돈을 신속히 검색하여 격리함으로써 피해를 사전에 방지해야 하며, 이를 위해서 웅돈의 감염여부를 신속히 확진하는 진단법의 개발이 필요한 실정이다. PRRS의 진단을 위해서는 바이러스학적인 진단법으로는 바이러스 분리동정, 혈청학적인 방법으로 바이러스 분리동정이 필수적이나 검사시간이 많이 소요되고, 분리동정 자체가 까다로운 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 웅돈의 정액내에서 PRRSV 바이러스에 대한 유전자를 RT-PCR법으로 증폭하는 방법을 개발하였으며, 진단의 민감도를 높이기 위하여 Nested PCR법으로 재확인 할 경우, 바이러스의 역가가 $1TCID_{50}$만 함유되어 있어도 진단이 가능한 조건을 확립하였다. 이 방법을 이용할 경우 웅돈의 정액시료에 대한 PRRS 바이러스 감염여부를 신속, 정확하게 검색하여 감염웅돈을 통한 PRRS바이러스의 전파를 미리 차단할 수 있으므로 PRRS방제에 효과적으로 이용될 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.711-720
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• 2003

Bakground : Complete resection by the surgery has been selected as the treatment of choice in lung cancer patients, but in cases of recurrence after excision or inoperable cases, the importance of anticancer chemotherapy has been emphasized. If one can select a set of the sensitive chemotherapeutic agents before anticancer chemotherapy, it will give more favourable results. Subrenal capsular assay has been recognized as a useful in-vivo chemosensitivity test of thoracic and abdominal tumors and it can be done in a short time for a rapid interpretation of tumor responsiveness to anticancer chemotherapeutic drugs. It has been reported that various kinds of cancer cells can be implantable to the kidney, but so far there is no comparative study of xenogeneic cell implantation on liver, spleen and kidney. The author implanted the human lung cancer cells under the capsule of S.D rat's liver, spleen and kidney respectively and compared the pattern of growth and histology. Material and Method: After incubation of human lung cancer cell line (SW-900 G IV) in RPMI 1640 (Leibovitz L-15 medium) culture media, 3${\times}$3${\times}$3 mm size fibrin clots which contain 108 cancer cells were made. Thereafter the fibrin clots were implanted at subcapsule area of liver, spleen and kidney of S.D. female rat. For immune suppression, cyclosporin-A (80 mg/Kg) was injected subcutaneously daily from post-implantation first day to sixth day. The body weight was measured at pre and post implantation periods. The growth pattern and the size of tumor mass were observed and the pathologic examination and serum tumor marker tests were performed. Result: Body weight increased in both of control and experimental groups. Serum Cyfra 21-1 was not detected. Serum levels of CEA and NSE revealed no significant change. The SCC-Ag increased significantly in implanted group. The growth rate of human lung cancer cells which was implanted on spleen was higher than on liver or kidney. The surface area, thickness, and volume of tumor mass were predominant at spleen. The success rates of implantation were 80% on kidney, 76.7% on spleen and 43.3% on liver. Pathologic examination of implanted tumors showed characteristic findings according to different organs. Tumors that were implanted on kidney grew in a round shape, small and regular pattern. In the spleen, tumors grew well and microscopic neovascularization and tumor thrombi were also found, but the growth pattern was irregular representing frequent daughter mass. Human lung cancer cells that were implanted in the liver, invaded to the liver parenchyme, and had low success rate of implantation. Microscopically, coagulation necrosis and myxoid fibrous lesion were observed. Conclusion: The success rate of implantation was highest in the kidney. And the mass revealed regular growth that could be measured easily. The SCC-Ag was presented earlier than CEA or Cyfra21-1. The Cyfra21-1 was not detected at early time after implantation. The best model for tumor implantation experiment for chemosensitivity test was subrenal capsular analysis than liver and spleen and the useful serum tumor marker in early period of implantation was the SCC-Ag.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.271-279
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• 1998

Background: Diagnosis by direct microscopy and/or by culture of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis from body fluids or biopsy specimens is "Gold standard". However, the sensitivity of direct microscopy after Ziehl-Neelsen staining is relatively low and culture of mycobacteria is time consuming. Detection of mycobacterial DNA in clinical samples by the polymerase chain reaction is highly sensitive but laborious and expensive. Therefore, rapid, sensitive and readily applicable new tests need to be developed. So we had evaluated the clinical significance of serologic detection of antibody to 38 kDa antigen, which is known as the most specific to the M. tuberculosis complex, and culture filtrate antigen by ELISA in sputum AFB smear negative patients. Method: In this study, culture tests for acid fast bacilli with sputa or bronchial washing fluids of 183 consecutive patients who were negative of sputum AFB smear were performed. Simultaneously serum antibodies to 38 kDa antigen and unheated culture filtrate of M. tuberculosis were detected by an ELISA method. Results: The optical densities of ELISA test with 38 kDa and culture filtrate antigen were significantly higher in active pulmonary tuberculosis cases than in non tuberculous pulmonary diseases (p<0.05), but in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, those of the sputum culture positive patients for M. tuberculosis were not significantly different from those of the sputum culture negative cases(p>0.05). In the smear-negative active pulmonary tuberculosis patients, the sensitivity of the ELISA using 38 kDa antigen and culture filtrate was 20.0% and 31.4%. respectively. The specificity was 95.3% and 93.9%. respectively. Conclusion : In active pulmonary tuberculosis but smear negative, the serologic detection of antibody to 38 kDa antigen and culture filtrate by ELISA cannot substitute traditional diagnostic tests and does not have clinically significant role to differenciate the patient with active pulmonary tuberculosis from other with non-tuberculous pulmonary diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.7
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• pp.789-792
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• 2005

We report a case of cat scratch disease (CSD) caused by Bartonella henselae in a 14-year-old boy who developed lymphadenopathy in the right cervical area, after a raising canine pet for 10 months. The cervical lymphadenopathy persisted for 14 days. Immunofluorescent antibody testing for B. henselae with the patient's serum was 1:64 positive. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis using the patient's lymph node aspirates for B. henselae DNA was also positive. This is the first case of cat scratch disease confirmed by PCR for B. henselae DNA in children.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.165-174
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• 1999

Background: Coal-worker's pneumoconiosis(CWP) is radiologically divided into two major groups: simple pneumoconiosis (SP), in which small, rounded or irregular opacities smaller than 1cm are observed, and progressive massive fibrosis(PMF), which is characterized by opacities larger than 1cm. SP has a life expectancy equivalent to miners with no radiographic evidence of CWP, but PMF is associated with more obvious impairments of ventilatory capacity and premature death. But only minority of workers develop PMF when exposed to dust concentrations similar to those experienced by workers who develop only SP. In this study, immune status in patients with CWP were evaluated by measurement of the serum immunoglobulin levels between control, SP and PMF groups. Method: Coal workers selected for this study were emplyees of the Tae-Baek and Dong-Hae Hospital. All the patients were men of 45-76 years old and the mean duration of exposure to coal dust were 23.2 years. By X-ray examination, 51 patients were classified in SP, 59 in PMF category. The normal controls examined were 58 men of 26-70 years old. Serum Ig levels were estimated by using Nephelometer(Behring Nephelometer : Germany) and serum were collected 51 in SP, 49 in PMF and 57 cases in control group. Results: The levels of IgG were increased but the levels of IgM were decreased with increasing age in control groups. There were no statistical difference of immunoglobulin levels between smokers and nonsmokers in control groups. There were no statistical difference of immunoglobulin levels between Control, SP and PMF groups. Multiple regression analysis were undertaken to determine the statistical significance of the apparent trends and estimate the effects associated with age, smoking habit and radiological category of CWP. According to this analysis, the levels of IgG were decreased significantly in SP group and had decreasing tendancy, but not statistically significant in PMF group. Conclusion : From the observations described, CWP patients had decreased IgG concentration compared to control gorup. Therefore, there was some relation between CWP and immunoglobulin concentration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.124-130
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• 2002

The present study was carried out to investigate the pretreatment of effects of water extract obtained from Eucommia ulmoides leaf (ELE) on hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) -treated rats. Thirty two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups, i.e. normal group (N), $CCl_4$-treated group (T), ELE-treated group (E), and ELE-treated group after injection of $CCl_4$(TE). The administration of $CCl_4$increased the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase in serum, but their activities were significantly decreased by the addition of ELE. Alkaline phosphatase activity in serum was significantly decreased in $CCl_4$-treated group, while the activity was not decreased by the extracts. Higher levels of HDL cholesterol was found in E and TE group which showed lower levels of total and LDL-cholesterol. Histopathologic findings by light microscopic examination showed fatty change, ballooning degeneration, acidophilic degeneration, spotty necrosis and zonal necrosis in $CCl_4$treated liver tissue. But the degree of liver damage was not identified in liver tissue of the TE group. These results indicated that Eucommia ulmoides leaf water extracts led migtigation of liver demage induced with $CCl_4$.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.310-320
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• 2003

To study the nutritional and health status of the elderly in Songnam, the anthropometic measurments, fat composition of body(FAT), blood pressure(BP) and blood test for analyzing biochemical indies of the elderly in seongnam were carried out in 338 free-living elderly (161 men, 177 women) aged from 58 to 92. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were assessed, and body fat was analyzed by BI(Bioelectrical Impedence) method. Biochemical measurements including blood glucose(BG), GPT, serum total cholesterol(TC) and albumin(AL) were analyzed. Average heights of the subjects were lower than the standards established in the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances, and average weights were similar to the standards. FAT were significantly higher in women(36.4%) than men(27.7%), and both groups showed higher values than the reference. Mean systolic BP levels of men and women were 153.3mmHg and 153.7mmHg, and diastolic BP levels were 87.5mmHg and 86.0mmHg, respectively, and there were no significant differences between the sex. Mean BG levels of men and women were 115.9mg/㎗ and 123.7mg/㎗, respectively, and there were no significant differences between the sex and among the age groups. Mean GPT levels of men and women were 19.4unit and 18.1unit, respectively, and women older than 75 years showed significanly low levels of GPT compared to other women's age groups. Mean TC levels of men and women were 186.0mg/㎗ and 206.6mg/㎗, respectively, and significantly higher TC levels were shown in women than men. Mean AL levels of men and women were 4.8g/㎗ and 4.8g/㎗, respectively, and men aged 50 ∼ 64 years showed significant high AL levels compared to other age groups of men. It was suggested that nutrition education program was a good way to improve health status of the elderly.