• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.821-828
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• 2003

The virtual angioscopy was implemented using MR angiography image of carotid artery Inside of the carotid artery is one of the body region not accessible by real optical endoscopy but can be visualized with virtual endoscopy. In order to determine the navigation path, we segmented the common carotid artery and internal carotid artery from the MR angiography image. We used the coordinates as a navigation path for virtual camera that were calculated from medial axis transformation. We used the perspective projection and marching cube algorithm to render the surface from volumetric MRA image data. A stroke occurs when brain cells die because of decreased blood flow to the brain. The carotid artery is the primary blood vessel that supplies the blood flow to the brain. Therefore, the carotid artery stenosis is the primary reason of stroke. The virtual angioscopy is highly recommended as a diagnosis tool with which the specific Place of stenosis can be identified and the degree of stenosis can be measured qualitatively. Also, the virtual angioscopy can be used as an education and training tool for endoscopist and radiologist.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.196-200
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• 2008

Kimura's Disease is a very rare, chronic inflammatory disorder with an unknown etiology, and this illness is primarily seen in young Asian males. The typical clinical features consist of painless subcutaneous masses in the head or neck region, and especially in the salivary gland and submandibular region. It is often accompanied with a regional lymphadenopathy, peripheral blood eosinophilia and elevated serum IgE levels. Histologically, it is characterized by prominent germinal centers in the involved lymph nodes, together with eosinophilic infiltration in these lymph nodes. The treatment modalities for this disease are steroid therapy, radiation therapy and surgical excision. Its clinical course is of a benign nature. We report here on a case of a 28 year old man who had a soft tissue mass in his left arm. We excised this mass and the microscopy confirmed that he suffered from Kimura's disease on microscopic examination in his left distal arm.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2008

Abdominal obesity, especially, visceral obesity is thought to be a risk factor of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease. Based on previous studies visceral fat accumulation is highly related to these diseases compared to subcutaneous fat accumulation. The purpose of this study was to see the relation between abdominal obesity and lipid profiles in adult women. The included subjects were 25 adult women(BMI > $23\;kg/m^2$), who visited the obesity clinic in a general hospital from April 2006 to September 2007. Blood pressure, fasting glucose and lipid profiles were measured. The abdominal fat distribution had been assessed by CT scan at the level of L4-L5. From bivariate analyses, the visceral fat accumulation showed negative correlations with TC and TC/HDL. The BMI, total abdominal fat and Visceral fat/Subcutaneous fat ratio showed significant correlations with visceral fat accumulation. From linear regression analyses of all the study subjects, TC, TG and HDL were found to be determinants of the visceral fat accumulation($R^2\;=\;0.474$).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.785-788
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• 1996

Pericardial abscess due to liver abscess is a very rare disease, the result of which is usually fatal when untreated. But a combination of antibiotics therapy and pericardial drainage has broug t good result. A 32-year-old man was admitted to the emergency room because of fever and chilling sensation. Chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly and a mass lesion In the left lobe of liver on ultrasonography. The echocardiography revealed impending cardiac tamponade. Pus drainage of the liver abscess through per- foration of right diaphram and pericardiotomy were performed. The pericardium was thickened and 600 ml of purulent fluid and necrotic debris were drained. Fibrin clots were firmly attached to the undelying myocradium. Histological examination of the pericardium showed acute inflammation with microabsscess and Escherichia soli was cultured from pericardial pus. He was discharged after 4 weeks on antibiotics, but Doppler echocardiograpy revealed a slightly thickened pericardium with a mild constrictive physiology.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.588-590
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• 1999

It is now generalized to perform cardiac surgery in the patients with end-stage renal disease. The growing number of patients with chronic renal failure wake us up to the need to prepare for proper management. There are not only the prevalence of coronary artery disease, but also a great amount of valve dysfunction exist in this group. Peritoneal dialysis may be one of the obstacles for cardiopulmonary bypass but it is not a great hindrance in cardiac surgery with careful preparation and well organized perioperative care. The author has performed mitral valve replacement in a 33-year-old anuric female patient with chronic renal failure and severe mitral insufficiency. Preoperatively, the patient was kept in adequate fluid and electrolyte balance using peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis continued and regulated according to the laboratory data in this patient during and after the surgery. She recovered well showing an uneventful course and was discharged on postoperative 1 th day.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1420-1425
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• 2010

Innate immunity is the first line of host defense consisting of various molecules against infectious challenges. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) belongs to the collectin protein family which takes part of innate immunity and is able to recognize specific carbohydrates on the surface of a variety of infectious agents acting as a pattern recognition molecule. In this way, MBL differentiates self from non-self and interacts with other molecules of the immune system. MBL genotype shows various MBL2 polymorphisms which are responsible for MBL deficiency in a substantial portion of the entire human population and for susceptibility to infectious disease. Therefore, it has been highlighted in the relationship between genetic variants and clinical significance. Here we focus on presenting anoverview of our understanding of MBL structure and functions.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.389-391
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• 2009

Antiepileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS), a delayed immunological reaction, is a relatively rare side effect of antiepileptic drugs and is usually overlooked. An array of symptoms can occur one to eight weeks after treatment with an antiepileptic drug. Symptoms may be as simple as a fever, skin rash, or lymphadenopathy, but may eventually involve internal organs and cause fatal outcomes. Additionally, because the symptoms resemble the features of various arrays of diseases and the reported mortality rate is approximately 10%, the importance of early diagnosis and ability to differentiate AHS from other diseases cannot be overemphasized. We report a case of a 14-year-old girl with AHS caused by lamotrigine, which mimicked atypical Kawasaki disease and infectious mononucleosis.

• KOREAN ASSOCIATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSES
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• v.8 no.2 s.28
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• pp.10-18
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• 2001

우리나라 대기오염의 수준은 지난 90년대 초반 이후 아황산가스와 총부유분진의 농도가 감소하고, 대신 오존과 이산화질소의 농도가 증가하면서 점차 다른 선진국에서 경험하는 대기오염현황을 보이고 있다. 한편 PM10과 PM2.5와 같은 미세분진의 경우 그 측정기간이 짧고 자료가 제한적이지만, 일부 지역에서 증가추세를 보이고 있으며, 그 수준을 비교하였을 때 현재 선진국에서 책정한 미세분진의 규제농도를 훨씬 상회하는 것으로 판단된다. 대기오염으로 인한 건강영향으로는 급성으로 고농도에 수 시간에서 수 일 동안 노출되는 경우 폐기능의 저하, 심박동의 변화, 그리고 신체내 염증물질의 증가 등 인체 기능의 변화가 보고되고 있으며, 기존에 폐장질환이나 심혈관질환을 앓고 있는 사람들의 경우 증세의 악화와 의료이용의 증가 등을 경험하거나 더 나아가 사망에 이르러 수명이 단축되는 것이 보고되고 있다. 급성노출의 경우 미세분진 PM10 10 $\mu$m/m3 당 전체 사망률이 0.5-1$\%$ 가량 증가하는 것으로 보고되며, 만성노출을 조사한 코호트 연구에 근거하는 경우 대기오염에 노출되는 전체 인구에 있어 PM2.5 1 $\mu$m/m3 당 1개월의 수명이 단축되는 것으로 추정되고 있다. 아직 대기오염으로 인한 건강영향의 기전이 전부 밝혀진 것은 아니지만, 일부 연구에서 대기오염물질 중에서 전이금속의 역할이 보고되고 있으며, 대기오염에 노출되면서 기관지, 폐포 및 혈액 등에서 염증매개물질의 분비 및 확산 그리고 심장을 비롯한 각 장기 기능의 변화가 보고되고 있다. 한편 이러한 변화들이 증세와 건강상의 비가역적 변화를 야기하는데 있어 대기오염 수준의 역치는 없는 것으로 판단되고 있다. 이러한 대기오염의 영향에 대한 개인수준의 해결책으로서는 자동차 사용의 절제 및 개인적인 쓰레기 소각의 자제 등 오염원 발생의 감소와 함께 대기오염 수준에 따른 증세 및 투약의 적절한 조절과 신체 활동의 조절을 통하여 오염원을 회피하는 것이 강조되어야 하며, 또한 흡연 특히 실내흡연의 금지와 실내 주방기구 및 난방기구의 관리 등이 구체적으로 제시될 수 있다. 마지막으로 대기오염물질들이 신체에 들어와 산화제로 작용하는 만큼, 식품을 통한 항산화제의 섭취가 일반적인 건강관리 수준에서라도 반드시 강조되어야 할 것이다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.473-478
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• 2002

근관내 spirochetes의 존재유무가 명확하게 밝혀져 있지 않았으나 최근 PCR을 사용한 연구에서 Treponema denticola균주가 감염근관의 50% 이상의 경우에서 발견됨에 따라 이 세균이 치수 및 치근단 질환에 관여하는지에 대한 관심 이 높아졌다. 하지만 그 정확한 기전은 아직 밝혀져 있지 않다. 이와 관련하여 Shenker등이 T. denticola의 sonicated extract에서 순수분리된 단백질 (SIP)이 임파구 proliferation을 방해함을 보고한바 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 면역억제단백질 SIP이 어떤 기전에 의해서 임파구증식을 억제하는지를 밝히는 데 있다. 건강한 혈액 공여자로부터 추출해낸 T세포에 PHA (phytohemagglutinin)로 증식자극을 주게되는데 이 과정에서 SIP을 처리하거나 처리하지 않은 경우를 비교하여 세포주기 진행과정을 유세포분석기 (Becton-Dickinson FACS$^{tarplus}$) 를 통하여 평가하였다. 실험결과 세단계의 chromatography과정을 통해 순수정제된 SIP은 50kDa와 56kDa의 두가지 polypeptide로 구성되어 있고 0.25$\mu\textrm{g}$으로 처리된 T 임파구는 42.5%의 [$^3$H]thymidine incorporation 억제가 그리고, 0.5$\mu\textrm{g}$으로 처리한 경우는 75.1%의 억제가 일어나 dose-dependent한 양상이 나타났다. Propidium iodide와 유세포 분석기를 사용하여 세포주기를 분석한 결과 medium으로만 처리한 경우 97%이상의 임파구는 G$_0$/G$_1$ phase에 머물러 있었으나 PHA자극을 받은 경우 G$_0$/G$_1$ phase에서 58%, S phase에서 34.6%, G$_2$/M phase에서 7.4%로 분포되어 나타났다. SIP으로 전처리한 경우 세포 증식이 감소하여 0.25$\mu\textrm{g}$을 첨가한 경우 75.1%가 G$_0$/G$_1$ phase에 머물러 있었고 더 강한 농도의 0.5$\mu\textrm{g}$을 첨가한 경우는 87.7%가 G$_0$/G$_1$ phase에서 S phase로 진행되지 않고 머물러있었다. 따라서 SIP으로 전처리된 T 임파구는 그 증식이 G$_0$/G$_1$ phase에서 차단된 것으로 보인다. 이러한 면역억제현상이 in vitro 상태뿐 아니라 in vivo에서도 진행된다면 spirochete가 치수 및 치근단 질환의 병인론에 연관된 면역반응저하기전에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추론할 수 있다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 2012

Since urachal abnormalities are uncommon and have various clinical manifestations such as umbilical discharge, periumbilical pain, recurrent urinary tract infection and abdominal mass according to its structure, it is not easy to diagnose. We report our experience of a patient with urachal remnant abscess who presented with gross hematuria initially, and improved after the management with intravenous antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of abscess.