• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.690-694
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• 2013

The aim of the present study is to obtain ecological data necessary for increasing the survival rate and effective individual management of fox cubs by analyzing the behavioral pattern during the lactation period. The subjects of the present study were baby foxes born in 2013 and taken care of at the species restoration technology institute, Korea National Park Service. Our analysis on the lactation of fox cubs and their appearance pattern outside the burrow revealed that the frequency and duration of lactation decreased with the growth of the cubs, whereas the frequency of the cubs venturing outside the den, activity time, and distance ventured increased. By the $30^{th}$ day after birth, in particular, the lactation behavior of the vixens largely decreased, and the activity of the cubs outside the den increased accordingly. Thus, for future management of the propagation of fox individuals for securing the original breed, it is necessary to increase the living food source. In addition, while capturing foxes for individual marking of cubs born in the wild, it is desirable to capture cubs older than 30 days not only for easy capture but also to minimize negative influence on the growth of the cub.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.237-246
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• 2009

In this research, there was an investigation about the objective and content domains concerning marine education in the Fish and Marine High School. Also, validity and guidance level on the classification were analyzed. According to the analysis, analyzing guidance level of Marine related contents which are included in school marine education is as follows. There are 971 information and knowledge domains, 710 skill domains, 5 value and attitude domains and 8 behavior and participation domains in the objective domain in school marine education. The number of the knowledge domains was most while attitude domains was least. Content domain of school marine education consists of 774 ocean human and marine ecology domains, 461 artificial marine environment and facility domains, 290 marine resource domains, 76 marine pollution domains, 123 marine conservation and measure domains. So, ocean human and marine ecology domains were most while ethics of marine conservation domains were not included.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.367-381
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• 2003

Dispersal polymorphism in insects Is a kind of adaptive strategy of the life history together with the diapause, consisting of the “long-winged or alate forms” of migratory phase and the “short-winged or apterous forms” of stationary phase. Dispersal polymorphism is a polymorphism related with the flight capability, and has three categories ; the wing polymorphisms, flight muscle polymorphisms, and flight behavior variations. Phase variation is another type of dispersal polymorphism varying in morphology, physiology and wing forms in response to the density of the population. The dispersal migration is a very adaptive trait that enables a species to keep pace with the changing mosaic of its habitat, but requires some costs. In general, wing reduction has a positive effect on the reproductive potential such as earlier reproduction and larger fecundity The dispersal polymorphism is a kind of optimization in the evolutionary strategies of the life history in insects; a trade-off between the advantages and disadvantages of migration. Wing polymorphism is a phenotypically plastic trait. Wing form changes with the environmental conditions even though the species is the same. Various environmental factors have an effect on the dispersal polymorphisms. Density dependent dispersal polymorphism plays an important role In population dynamics, but it is not a simple function of the density; the individuals of a population may be different in response to the density resulting different outcomes in the population biology, and the detailed information on the genotypic variation of the individuals in the population is the fundamental importance in the prediction of the population performances in a given environment. In conclusion, the studies on the dispersal polymorphisms are a complicated field in relation with both physiology and ecology, and studies on the ecological and quantitative genetics have indeed contributed to understanding of its important nature. But the final factors of evolution; the mechanisms of natural selections, might be revealed through the studies on the population biology.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.33 no.3 s.91
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• pp.282-294
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• 2000

The reproductive ecology and the early life history of Macropodus chinensis were investigated in aquarium. Mature male made the bubble nest and spawned with wrapping the female and reverse posture. The parental male protected the offspring until the larvae depart the bubble nest. Egg productivity and egg hatching rate were the highest at water temperature in $28^{\circ}C$ and $26^{\circ}C$ respectivity than any other artificial temperature. The eggs were buoyant, globular and 0.95${\sim}$1.05 mm in diameter. Cleavage was progressed at intervals of 15 minutes. Eggs hatched in 42${\sim}$44hours after fertilization and the newly hatched larvae were 3.0${\sim}$3.2 mm in total length. The lawae were 4.5${\sim}$5.4 mm in 4${\sim}$5 days after hatching and fed on the food with dispersion from the nest. In 40${\sim}$45 days after hatching, all fin rays completely developed, and juveniles reached 18.2${\sim}$23.5 mm in total length. In 90${\sim}$110 days after hatching, body from of young fishes were similar to adult with 37.4${\sim}$48.2 mm and represented secondary sexual characters longer than 45.0 mm in total length, and about 120 days, fishes began spawning(water temperature for ontogenesis: $26.0{\pm} 1^{\circ}C$).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.812-826
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• 2012

The selection rate of tree burials (TB) is still low in spite of increasing concerns about TB and government's efforts to increase TB participation. It is necessary to understand the factors affecting TB selection. This study investigated the relationship between major variables (attitude: ATT; subjective norm: SN; perceived behavioral control: PBC) of Ajzen's theory of planned behavior (TPB), additional variable (custom: CUST), and intention to select TB by using structural equation modelling (SEM). Samples were selected from Gwang-ju citizens using proportionate stratified sampling (PST) by region during September of 2011. Four hundred and twelve responses were used for data analysis. The model showed fair goodness of fit. All four variables (ATT, SN, PBC, CUST) influenced intention to select TB. The four variables explained 53.0% of intention to select TB. SN(${\beta}$=0.459) was the most predictive variable on the intention, followed by ATT(${\beta}$=0.247), PBC(${\beta}$=0.152), and CUST(${\beta}$=0.102) in decreasing order. The results were discussed and some suggestions to increase the intention of tree burial selection were made.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.427-434
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• 2008

The studies of seven individuals of Asiatic black bears were carried out with radio telemetry from October 2004 to December 2006 in Jirisan National Park. They were attached radio-transmitter and calculated by the 95%MCP and fixed kernel method(95%, 50%). As a result, Mean annual home ranges for female and male asiatic black bears were 71.66$km^2$ and 90.20$km^2$. The seasonal home ranges were calculated 19.81$km^2$ for females and 33.47$km^2$ for males in spring, 30.48$km^2$ for females and 20.26$km^2$ for males in summer, 22.63$km^2$ for females and 23.23$km^2$ for males in autumn and 0.22$km^2$ for females and 0.78$km^2$ for males in winter(F=4.193, P<0.05). The degree of home range overlapped 38%, 12.5% among females, 22.4% among males. Mean elevation of seven bears was 744$\pm$236m in spring, 682$\pm$253m in summer, 937$\pm$218m in fall and 975$\pm$137m in winter(F=8.526, P<0.001). It is assumed that home range sizes and location were closely correlated to environmental characteristics of the habitats and the seasonal variation of home-range was related to distribution of food sources.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2017

The Jeju Olle Trail Route No. 1 has opened in 2007, and over one million visitors per year trek total of 26 Olle trails throughout the island of Jeju as of 2017. The Olle trekking is one of eco-friendly tourism activities in the era of social issues with environmental collapse and threats. Up until now, studies on the Jeju Olle trail are focused on the visitors while the studies on residents who are the other major pillar of Jeju Olle trail have been limited. The study aims to compare the visit types, satisfaction level and pro-environmental behaviors between the visitors and residents on Jeju Olle trails. Total of 290 survey was collected in three month period from December, 2016 to February, 2017. The survey result indicates the Jeju residents trek the Jeju Olle in a larger group than the Jeju Olle visiting trekkers and show lower level in the visit satisfaction and pro-environmental behaviors. The noticeable lower level in the pro-environmental behaviors of residents can directly connect to the issue of Jeju environment as a whole, and the continuing environmental education program and promotion for residents to improve the pro-environmental behavior level is essential.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

The ecosystem is the complex system consisting of various biotic and abiotic factors and the factors interact with each other in the hierarchical predator-prey relationship. Since the competitive relation spatiotemporally occurs, the initial state of population density and species distribution are likely to play an important role in the stability of the ecosystem. In the present study, we constructed a lattice model to simulate the three-trophic ecosystem (predatorprey- plant) and using the model, explored how the ecosystem stability is affected by the initial density. The size of lattice space was $L{\times}L$, (L=100) with periodic boundary condition. The initial density of the plant was arbitrarily set as the value of 0.2. The simulation result showed that predator and prey coexist when the density of predator is less than or equal to 0.4 and the density of prey is less than or equal to 0.5. On the other hand, when the predator density is more than or equal to 0.5 and the density of prey is more than or equal to 0.6, both of predator and prey were extinct. In addition, we found that the strong nonlinearity in the interaction between species was observed in the border area between the coexistence and extinction in the species density space.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.373-394
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• 2022

This study aimed to find out the formation of ecologically educational place identity of nature trails in national parks, which elementary school students to adults can understand, by analyzing the connectivity between characteristics (signs) of nature trails and elementary science environment-related key concepts and the domain of ecological education in the course of environment and by developing a semiotic interpretation model of place identity based on Barthes's semiotic theory. When analyzing correlations between the interpretation board-focused surrounding environment of nature trails and the content system of ecological education, this study found out that it showed the highest connectivity with the domain of 'System of Ecological Environment'. When analyzing the formation of place identity of nature trails in terms of semiotics, this study discovered that geographical locations or landscapes, artificial environments and physical elements as characteristics of surrounding environments mostly acted on the formation of placeness. Besides, it was found that both knowledge and attachment elements equally could act on the formation of a sense of place. Being likely to develop through interaction between placeness and a sense of place, place identity was mostly composed of behavioral internal stages and sympathetic internal stages. To diversify the formation of place identity, however, this study found it necessary to develop environment education projects and create surrounding environments and interpretation boards with the environmental uniqueness of nature trails reflected much more.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.650-656
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• 2014

This study was executed in Woraksan National Park from Febuary, 2008 to December, 2013 in order to study the behavioral characteristics of introduced four female gorals using annual home range, seasonal home range, and elevation use characteristics. Annual home range of reintroduced female gorals were $1.13{\pm}0.32km^2$ of MCP 95%, $0.37{\pm}0.18km^2$ of MCP 95% and $0.07{\pm}0.03km^2$(t=0.607, p>0.05) of FK 50% respectively. In seasonal home range and elevation use characteristics of MCP 95%, autumn($0.73{\pm}0.26km^2$) and summer($0.77{\pm}0.06km^2$) were the largest home range and spring($0.58{\pm}0.38km^2$) and winter($0.47{\pm}0.25km^2$) had a smaller home range and it showed that there was a difference between summer and winter home ranges(F=3.868, P<0.05). As a result of seasonal elevation analysis, elevation use was 435m(28.4%) in spring, 464m(26.7%) in summer, 414m(28.8%) in autumn, and 393m(21.2%) in winter, respectively. It showed that these gorals used higher elevation in summer(F=0.783, P>0.05). We could not analyze the characteristics of introduced gorals, because only introduced female gorals were used for this study. However, we could understand that habitat use characteristics were of statistical significance in introduced gorals from the analyses of their home range, seasonal home range and elevation use.