• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.874-878
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• 2007

최근 들어 하구의 이용도가 높아져 감에 따라 용수 취수, 염해 방지공, 하도 계획, 수질 개선 등의 문제와 관련하여 하도 내로 침입하는 염수쐐기를 적절히 제어해야 될 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 이를 위해 염수쐐기의 형태와 거동특성을 정확하게 예측하고 내부유동 구조를 구명하는 것이 필요하다. 염수쐐기의 수리학적 특성에 관한 국내외 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 국내에서는 하구에서의 유동장 해석을 위한 연구와 염수침입 현상과 반대로 담수 유출이 해양환경에 미치는 영향에 관한 해양공학적 연구가 주로 수행되었다. 국외에서는 1950년대 초반에 하구에서의 염도 혼합양상과 확산계수의 결정 및 수학적 모형에서 각 항들의 상대적 중요성 평가와 같은 기초적인 연구가 수행되었으며, 1970년대에 컴퓨터의 급속한 발전에 힘입어 다양한 수치적 기법이 개발되어 폭이 좁고 성층화된 하구에서의 수치계산이 수행되었다. 본 연구에서는 정상 염수쐐기의 형태 및 거동특성을 파악하기 위하여 수리실험을 수행하였다. 실험은 염수수조, 담수유입부, 수로부로 구성된 실험수로에서 수행되었으며, 염수와 담수간의 밀도차에 근거하여 실험 조건을 설정하였다. 실험을 통하여 밀도차와 담수유입량에 따라 염수쐐기의 형태 및 거동특성이 지배됨을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.223-230
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• 1990

Suspended materials during maritime construction works may cause surrounding environmental changes Therefore, it is important to know the behavior of the muddy water lumps caused by dropping soil in coastal areas. Two-dimensional behaviors of the muddy water moving along the inclined boundaries are investigated experimentally, which are the change of height, length, and moving velocity, the properties of movement at the head of muddy water, the coefficient of entrainment and shape, and the accumulation shape. The shape of the muddy water lumps was similar with the slope thermal. Therefore, the moving characteristics were found to be described using turbulence theory.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.166-177
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• 2006

The accuracy impact of using high-order Boussinesq-type model as compared to the typical order model is examined in this paper. The multi-layer model developed by Lynett and Liu(2004a) is used for simulating of wave breaking over a shelf region. The nonlinearity of the waves tested, ${k_0}{A_0}$, ranges from 0.029 to 0.180. The overall agreement between the two-layer model and the hydraulic experiments are quite good. The one-layer model overshoals the wave near the breakpoint, while the two-layer model shoals at a rate more consistent with the experimental data.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

Wave-induced currents drive nearshore transport processes, and hence an accurate understanding of wave-current interaction is required for proper management of coastal zone. This paper presents details of an adaptive quadtree grid based numerical model of the coupled wave climate and depth-averaged current field. The model accounts for wave breaking, shoaling, refraction, diffraction, wave-current interaction, set-up and set-down, mixing processes, bottom friction effects, and movement of land-water interface at the shoreline. The wave period- and depth-averaged governing equations arc discrctized explicitly by means of an Adarns¬Bashforth second-order finite difference technique on adaptive hierarchical staggered quadtree grids. Results from the numerical model are in reasonable agreement with the laboratory data of longshore current generated by oblique waves on a plane beach (Visser 1980, 1991).

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.174-186
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• 1998

A Galerkin's finite element model incorporating infinite elements for modeling of radiation condition at infinity has been developed, which is based on an extended mild-slope equation. To illustrate the validity and applicability of the present model, the example analyses were carried out for a resonance problem in the rectangular harbor of Ippen and Goda (1963) and for wave transformations over circular shoals of Sharp (1968) and Chandrasekera and Cheung (1997). Comparisons with the results obtained by hydraulic experiments and hybrid element method showed that the present model gives very good results in spite of the rapidly varying topography. Numerical experiments were also performed for wave transformations over a circular concave well which may be an alternative to conventional wave barriers.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.125-131
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• 1997

In order to analyze the feasibility of the drain layer construction method, which is one of the beach protection methods, a hybrid model is constructed by combining the wave model and the seepage flow model. The used wave model is the analytic solution given by Shuto (1972). and the seepage flow model is used by Richards equation which governs the saturated-unsaturated flow in the porous media. It is concluded by the sensitivity analysis of the hybrid model that the most sensitive parameter in the flow field within the beach is the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The developed hybrid model will be efficiently used in the analysis of the parameter when the drain layers are constructed in the beach, if the field datas are obtained more.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.204-211
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• 1993

Boundary element method is applied to simulate nonlinear water waves using Green's identity formula in a numerical wave flume. A system of linear equations is formulated from the governing equation and free surface boundary conditions in order to calculate velocity potential and water surface elevation at each nodal point. The velocity square terms are included in the dynamic free surface boundary condition. The free surface is treated as a moving boundary. the vertical variation of velocity potential being considered in calculating the time derivative of the velocity potential at the free surface. The present method is applied to simulate solitary wave and Stokes 2nd order wave, and shows excellent agreements with their theoretical values.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.212-220
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• 1993

A numerical model for the transformation of irregular waves in a coastal area is developed, which takes account of shoaling, refraction, diffraction, bottom friction and wave breaking. The governing equations are the usual energy conservation equation and kinematic conservation equations, but to consider the diffraction effects additional terms are included in the usual kinematic conservation or wave number equations. A linear superposition technique is used to represent the spectral formation. and an explicit formula is developed for the estimation of friction factor of irregular waves. A breaking criterion of component waves, which is the modified form of the Kitaigorodskii saturation relation, is employed to restrict the growth of shoaling waves in very shallow waters. The model was applied to a laboratory test and satisfactory agreement was obtained between the computation and measurement.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 1992

A numerical method using the truncated Fourier series is presented to predict the wave potential and water surface profile for two dimensional nonlinear standing waves. The unknown coefficients of the series are to be determined through the Newton solution of nonlinear simultaneous equations given by the governing equation and boundary conditions of the problem. In order to prove the effectiveness of the present method. an existing Stokes-like perturbation method is considered together, and a hydraulic experiment for measuring water surface profile and wave pressure is performed as well. The results are such that the present method can generally give exact solutions even for relatively big wave stiffness regardless of the water depth condition. It also demonstrates its validity by showing double humps in the crest of temporal wave pressure profile which normally appear in strongly nonlinear standing waves.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.439-451
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• 1994

A numerical model for harbour oscillation is presented by use of Galerkin finite element method. The governing equation is used by the modified mild slope equation derived from Chen (1986) in which bottom friction is incorporated. Since the existing absorbing boundary condition. however. is shown to be incorrect correct boundary condition and forcing term due to an incident plane wave are rederived. Computation results for a rectangular harbour are shown in comparison with both laboratory data and existing numerical results. After the values of friction factor (f) and reflection coefficient (K$_{r}$) are discussed, the set (K$_{r}$=0, 94, f=0) is found to be best fitted to the laboratory data of the rectangular harbour.