• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.663-670
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• 2014

The Pyeongtaek port is expected lack of waiting anchorage due to increase of incoming ships whit increasing of trading volume in the near future. In case of an anchorage facility's structural alternations and expansion, it should be considered comprehensively how it affects other anchorage facilities. In addition, the volume of ship traffic to relevant area should be estimated accurately and then the facility's scale is calculated. In this paper, researchers calculated cargo per unit ship with the throughput for every ship and predicted the number of ships which had entered Pyeongtaek port. As a result, the port's ability to be docked was predicted to be not enough in 2030. It will exceed the number of ships able to cast anchor at specific two parts simultaneously 12.6 and 1.6 respectively consequently, the necessity to expand the ports was suggested. Hence, the best expansion plan was examined with analysis of marine transportation environment at each ports and the improvements suggested are anchoring ships at Ippado anchorage is 19.7 and the one at Janganseo anchorage is 12.6.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.38 no.6_1
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• pp.1463-1478
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• 2022

Maritime transport accounts for 99.7% of the exports and imports of the Republic of Korea; therefore, developing a vessel monitoring system for efficient operation is of significant interest. Several studies have focused on tracking and monitoring vessel movements based on automatic identification system (AIS) data; however, ships without AIS have limited monitoring and tracking ability. High-resolution optical satellite images can provide the missing layer of information in AIS-based monitoring systems because they can identify non-AIS vessels and small ships over a wide range. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate vessel monitoring and small vessel classification systems using high-resolution optical satellite images. This study examined the possibility of developing ship monitoring systems using Compact Advanced Satellite 500-1 (CAS500-1) satellite images by first training a deep learning model using satellite image data and then performing detection in other images. To determine the effectiveness of the proposed method, the learning data was acquired from ships in the Yellow Sea and its major ports, and the detection model was established using the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm. The ship detection performance was evaluated for a domestic and an international port. The results obtained using the detection model in ships in the anchorage and berth areas were compared with the ship classification information obtained using AIS, and an accuracy of 85.5% and 70% was achieved using domestic and international classification models, respectively. The results indicate that high-resolution satellite images can be used in mooring ships for vessel monitoring. The developed approach can potentially be used in vessel tracking and monitoring systems at major ports around the world if the accuracy of the detection model is improved through continuous learning data construction.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.314-324
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• 2021

Competition between ports around the world is intensifying to attract transshipment cargo. However, recently, there have been concerns about the departure of transshipment cargo volume at Busan Port, such as the lifting of the cabotage policy in China's shipping sector and the implementation of a safe fare system. In terms of operation, terminal congestion and vehicle waiting time are seriously occurring due to imbalance in the transshipment volume of each terminal and vehicles concentrated in a specific time period. In this paper, we propose a method of inter-terminal transportation (ITT) using buffer space to solve the problem caused by inefficient ITT systems and presented a mixed integer programming (MIP) for the problem. The effect of using the buffer space was analyzed for various work volumes and capacity fluctuation ranges by applying the terminal congestion pattern and ITT vehicle in/out pattern based on the Busan New Port data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.174-176
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• 2011

부산항 컨테이너 하역시장의 안정화를 위해서는 시장의 구조적 문제해결이 긴요하다. 이 연구에서는 부산항의 현황과 문제점을 살펴본 후, 컨테이너 물동량과 유효하역능력을 비교 분석하여 운영구조 개편을 위한 컨테이너부두 통합운영 방안을 제시하였다. 특히 이 연구에서는 통합운영 구도 및 프로세스는 물론 신항으로의 북항부두 대체 적정시기를 제안하였다.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.55-67
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to estimate and forecast the marine trading volumes based on the structural model. We employ GPH cointegration test since the structural model must be stationary to get the accurate predicted values. The empirical results show that our model is stationary. This paper also applies variance decompositions and impulse-response functions to the structural model composed of exchange rate, domestic industrial activity, and world business. The results indicate that while both loading and unloading volumes respond positively to the shocks in income and then decay very slowly, their responses are different to the shocks in exchange tate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.240-241
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• 2019

With slow sea trade volumes growth and increasing competition of ports, port industry is witnessing an increasing number of factors that have driven up the costs. Using financial data collected from Korea's container terminal operators, this study analyzed cost structural characteristics. The differences by terminal size, region and operating status of the terminal operators were examined and the suggestion were presented based on the result of the analysis.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2020

The global container terminal market is predicted to see continued future volume growth. According to Drewry, global container shipments rose by 6.3% year-on-year to 750 billion twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) in 2017 and are forecast to experience continued growth to 9.3 billion TEUs in 2022. According to IHS Markit, the global terminal operator (GTO) market is forecast to grow more than 10% annually, up from $2.4 billion in 2017, to exceed $3 billion by 2022. However, Hyundai Merchant Marine is the only real GTO in Korea. In particular, the shipping and port markets are facing drastic changes, both at home and abroad, including a slowdown in the growth of domestic export and import shipments, environmental changes in the container market caused by the trade frictions between the US and China, and increased changes in container shipments caused by the trade frictions between Korea and Japan. In this study, we propose ways for domestic companies to participate in the continuously growing GTO market. After analyzing the current status of the global GTO market, the government expressed a desire to explore ways to establish GTOs through the Port Authority and the Korea Ocean Business Corporation. Therefore, four types of establishment plans were proposed, along with a legal framework for the establishment of GTOs.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.550-556
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• 2020

Over the past years, the role of ports in the global network of supply chains has becoming increasingly important, not merely as a physical location for loading and unloading goods, but also as an essential center of economic activity where additional value is added to cargo. Due to the overall growing importance of ports, each country has chosen to adopt hub growth as a primary economic strategy. Northeast Asia in particular, due to its high population density, experiences intense competition between its ports. Busan's port, as a result, has used the establishment of Distripark in order to attract high and stable trade volume, and compete more effectively with other ports in the region. This study estimates the unit cost of the logistic process for the all principal cargos handled at Busan New Port, with the findings revealing that unit cost increases gradually starting with chemical products, LME bulk goods, automobile parts, LME containers, general cargoes, and LME inland transportation goods coming in last. Future research will look more closely at all all categories of cargo handled in the Distrpark of Busan New Port, thereby enabling us to better understand the value created by the port, and how to best implement effective trade volume-attraction strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Port Economic Association Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.515-536
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• 2007

The Korea's West Coast has been considered as the gateway to the economies of Southeast Asia and China. Thanks to geographical advantages, harbors located in this region have been playing a vital role despite the fact that most harbors in this region are the small and medium ones. The GunJangHang is such harbor. This paper aims to investigate the important role of this harbor, as well as to analyze the competitiveness of GunJangHang port with those of the luncheon phosphorus port, Pyongteak port, and Mokpo port regarding the rapid increasing cargo volume through this region recently.

• Proceedings of the Korea Multimedia Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.254-259
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• 1998

오늘날 컨테이너의 과다한 물동량 증가로 인하여 수작업으로 이루어지는 컨테이너 식별자를 처리하는데 어려움을 겪고 있는 가운데, 이를 자동으로 인식하고 그 결과를 항만 물류 처리 자동화 시스템에 적용하고자 하는 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 컨테이너의 인식 처리를 자동화하기 위한 방안으로 컨테이너의 식별자 인식에 신경망 알고리즘의 하나인 Back-propagation을 적용하였으며, BP 알고리즘을 적용하기 위해서 적절한 scaling 비율을 구하고, 학습 DB를 구축하여 기존의 식별자 인식보다 신속하고 정확한 처리가 가능하도록 구현하였다.