• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.37-37
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• 1993

1) 급성독성시험: 랫드와 마우스 공히 투여후 5~6일에 농도의존적의 강한 독성이 발현 되었으며 표적장기로는 소화기계, 임파계, 조혈기계 등으로 나타났다. 랫드에서의 반수 치사량은 암수 각각 771.9(505.6~1178.4)mg/kg과 479.8(302.7~760.4)mg/kg이었으며 마우스에서는 암수 각각 527.4(393.7~701.1)mg/kg과 463.0(308.8~694.2)mg/kg 이었다. 2) 유전독성: S. typhimurium을 이용한 복귀돌연변이시험, CHL세포를 이용한 염색체이상 시험, 마우스에서의 소핵시험결과 DA-125는 돌연변이 유발능을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 3) 국소자극성: 혈관주위주사에 의한 피부자극성 시험결과 DA-125는 adriamycin의 3배 용량에서 궤양, 괴사등 유사한 병변이 유발되었으나, 병변회복은 adriamycin에 비해 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 또한 토끼에서의 안점막자극시험 결과에서 DA-125는 실제적으로 자극이 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.478-480
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• 2002

피부란 인체를 외부의 자극으로부터 보호하며 수분의 손실을 막아주는 기능을 수행하는 중요한 장기 중의 하나이다. 피부가 화상이나 각종 외상에 의하여 결손이 일어나게 되면 그 보호작용이 상실되어 기능의 장애를 일으키게 된다. 또한 수분손실에 따른 여러 가지 부작용과 외부로부터의 세균감염 등을 일으켜 환부의 치료를 어렵게 하거나 2차적인 기능장애 또는 손상 등과 같은 추가적인 부작용을 초래하게 된다. (중략)

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.542-545
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• 1999

Primary skin irritation tests for Sangmosu were performed in male New Zealand White rabbits. In primary skin irritation test, body weights were not significantly changed and Primary Irritation Index(P.I.I) was 0.25, indicating Sangmosu as barely irritating material. These results indicate that Sangmosu was not considered to be irritant in test animals.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.327-329
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• 2001

피부란 인체를 외부의 자극으로부터 보호하며 수분의 손실을 막아주는 기능을 수행하는 중요한 장기 중의 하나이다. 피부가 화상이나 각종 외상에 의하여 결손이 일어나게 되면 그 보호작용이 상실되어 기능의 장애를 일으키게 된다. 또한 수분손실에 따른 여러 가지 부작용과 외부로부터의 세균감염 등을 일으켜 환부의 치료를 어렵게 하거나 2차적인 기능장애 또는 손상 등과 같은 추가적인 부작용을 초래하게 된다. (중략)

• 월간산업보건
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• s.382
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• pp.11-14
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• 2020

눈, 피부 및 점막 자극의 가능성을 최소화하기 위해 옥시 염화인(phosphorus oxychloride)의 직업적 노출기준 TLV-TWA를 0.1ppm(0.63 mg/㎥)으로 권고하였다. 옥시 염화인 독성의 징후 및 증상으로는 두통, 현기증, 식욕 부진, 메스꺼움, 흉통 및 호흡 곤란이 있고 심한 급성 또는 반복 만성 노출에 의해서는 기관지 폐렴, 폐부종 그리고 신장 손상을 유발한다. 옥시 염화인은 물 또는 습한 공기에서 분해되어 염화수소와 인산을 형성한다. 피부, 감작제(SEN), 발암성 표기와 TLV-STEL을 권고하기에 충분한 자료가 없다.

• 월간산업보건
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• s.384
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• pp.19-23
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• 2020

눈, 피부 및 호흡기 자극의 가능성을 최소화하기 위해 오황화인(Phosphorus pentasulfide)에 대한 직업적 노출기준 TLV-TWA는 1 mg/㎥ 그리고 TLV-STEL은 3 mg/㎥으로 권고하였다. 오황화인에 대한 독성 자료는 거의 없으며 오황화인은 습한 공기에서 인산(Phosphoric acid)과 황화수소(Hydrogen sulfide)로 쉽게 가수 분해된다는 사실에 근거하여 인산에 대한 독성 자료로 TLV를 권고하였다.(현재의 인산에 대한 TLV 문서 참조) 피부 흡수(Skin), 감작제(SEN), 그리고 발암성 표기에 대한 경고주석(notation)을 권고하기에는 유용한 자료가 충분하지 않다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.698-704
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• 2020

Although various biological extracts derived from the resources from Jeju are currently being developed for cosmetic materials, few studies using Brown algae from Jeju have been conducted. This study identified materials with high antioxidant levels and examined their whitening effects to assess their feasibility as potential cosmetic resources. Brown algae from Jeju (Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar, Laminaria japonica, Ecklonia cava, Hizikia fusiforme (Harvey) Okamura (HF), and Sargassum fulvellum (Turner) C. Agardh (SF) were processed using a supercritical fluid system at 50℃ and 400 bar, and their total phenol content, antioxidant activity, tyrosinase inhibition, and primary skin irritation were measured. Of all the samples, only SF using the supercritical fluid system (SFS) displayed concentration-dependent behavior for the total phenol content (p<0.05). Among the samples, the antioxidant activity of SFS was significantly higher (p<0.05) and the one increased at higher concentrations (p<0.05). On the other hand, tyrosinase was inhibited to a greater extent with HF than the others. The primary skin irritation tests showed that none of the samples were skin irritants. This study confirmed the feasibility of using Phaeophyceae from Jeju as potential cosmetic materials, where the samples can be selected and utilized based on the required physicochemical properties.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.189-196
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• 2007

In order to investigate the potential of very low molecular weight hyaluronic acid(oligo HA) as a cosmetic ingredient, we first measured its cytotoxicity in fibroblast, keratinocyte, and SIRC cell lines. For efficacy test, its moisturizing effect and penetration rate were evaluated in an artificial skin system and Caco-2 cells. Oligo HA did not show any cytotoxicity at a concentration of 300 ${\mu}g/mL$ in fibroblasts and 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$ in keratinocytes but it showed weak proliferation. In vitro ocular test, oligo HA showed negligible cytotoxicity at the maximum concentrations used(2,000 ${\mu}g/mL$) in SIRC cells. In the test of the single and repeated cutaneous applications, oligo HA under occlusive patch did not provoke any cumulative irritation and sensitization. Oligo HA at a concentration of 0.01 % exhibited a more potent moisturizing effect than hyaluronic acid at a concentration of 0.01 %. In the permeability test using artificial skin and Caco-2 cell lines, hyaluronic acid(M.W. $1.1{\times}10^6$) was hardly observed in the down medium of the inserts. On the other hand, oligo HA(M.W. 5,000) was detected in the down medium up to 16.0 % at 6 h in Caco-2 cell culture and up to 90 % at 6 h in an artificial skin system. These results suggest that oligo HA could be useful as an active ingredient for cosmetics.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2013

To substitute animal test, skin equivalents (SEs) have been developed for skin irritation and corrosion test. Recently, we have developed new SEs containing Cervi cornus Colla (CCC). In the present study, we used the SEs for cutaneous cytotoxicity test. Sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) or sodium carbonate was applied to the SEs-, and the epidermal damage by H&E and immunohistochemical stains was evaluated. Our results showed that SDS or sodium carbonate affected the epidermal part of SEs containing CCC in a dose-dependent manner and decreased the expression of p63. It is concluded that SEs containing CCC could be used for an alternative model of animal test and would be greatly helpful in the development of in vitro irritation and corrosion test.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.605-609
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• 2022

Shaving for adult men is one of the essential requirements for life. For physiological reasons, most adult men have beards, and if men trim their beards and take good care of them, their appearance becomes cleaner. If a dull blade is used for a wet razor, or if an appropriate massage is not used, skin irritation may occur, resulting in shaving wounds. Therefore, the convenience and comfort of the razor are required as much as the skin becomes smooth after shaving. In this paper, a pre-shaving method of sound massage was proposed to reduce the irritation of wet shaving on the skin and increase the convenience of shaving. It softens the skin or secretes oil through non-face-to-face low-frequency speakers to increase skin gloss, making shaving smooth and safe. We recorded the sound of the wet shave state to determine the skin condition before and after the wet shave, and objectively compared and analyzed the effect with this sound spectrum. In other words, it can be seen from the experimental results that the sound massage before shaving reduces the friction between the razor and the skin and the skin and beard by -7.0 dB, improving the skin wound of the wet shave and achieving a refreshing shave.