• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.164-176
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• 2020

Efficient production of antigen specific cytotoxic T cells is critical for appropriate adoptive immune response. In vitro culture and expansion of human T lymphocyte clones are very sophisticated and subtle procedure in immune cell therapy and hard to control. Therefore, many groups devoted their efforts to manipulate artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs) that can induce T cell activation and clonal expansion. To mimicking of natural antigen-presenting cells, aAPCs encompass basic signal molecules required for T cell activation: MHC:antigen complexes, co-stimulatory molecules and soluble immune modulating molecules. Orchestrated organization of these molecules is important for efficient T cell activation. Here, we discuss how those molecules have been incorporated in several aAPC models, but also how physical properties od aAPC are important for interaction with T cells.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.245-253
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• 2006

Objectives: Since 1983, vaccination for Hepatitis B virus has been recommended for all neonates in Korea. The objectives of this study was to assess the changing trend of the positive rate of HBsAg and anti-HBs in university students in one province. Methods: The study population consisted of one university students who taken physical exam in 2004, which included 8,527 students (3,391 males and 5,136 females). Serum HBsAg and anti-HBs were detected by immunochromatography method. Results: The positivities of HBsAg and anti-HBs were 2.7% and 61.1%. The positivity of HBsAg was significantly higher in males(p< .05), while that of anti-HBs was significantly higher in females(p< .05). There was some differences of HBsAg positivities among age groups. But there was no correlation between age and the positivities. There was some differences of anti-HBs positivities among age groups. But there was no correlation between age and the positivities. Conclusion: The positivity of HBsAg has significantly decreased and that of anti-HBs has increased with years. It was suggested that the changes of positivity were caused by nationwide hepatitis B vaccination program.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.243-248
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• 1994

Plasma membrane proteins of a Korean isolate of Trichomonus vofinalis HY-1 were fractionated for antigen analysis. Homogenates of T. vaginalis were fractionated by the differential centrifugation using sucrose step-gradient method. The interface layer from the 25%/45% sucrose was collected as a plasma membrane fraction and its purity was examined by transmission electron microscopy. The antigenicity of plasma membrane fraction was analysed by enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot technique with immune rabbit serum and compared with surface antigen labelled with N. hydroxysuccinimide-biotin. The fluffy fraction of 25%/45% sucrose interface was homogeneous and membrane particles were present as extended sheet and concentric vesicles showing typical trilamellar appearance under transmission electron microscope. Seven fractions at 40, 50, 60, 110, 130, 140 and 150 kDa were identified as the antigenic membrane proteins in EITB with anti HY-1 rabbit serum. The common band at 60 kDa was detected both in antigenic fractions of plasma membrane and surface protein labelled with NHS-biotin. This result indicates that this protein is considered as a major surface antigen of T. vaginalis. The role of this surface antigen at 60 kDa should be studied further.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 2004

Antigenic analysis of Herpes simplex type 2 virus was performed and its major antigen was localized using an immunoelectron microscopy. Antigens of 32, 43, 59 and 69 kDa were constantly expressed during the course of infection for 48 hr in the infected Vero cell. An antigen of 51 kDa was turned out to be the major one in inducing a immune response in Western-blot analysis. The 51 kDa antigen was localized on the surface of HSV-2 by immunoelectron microscopy using colloidal golds and anti-HSV 2 polyc1onal antibody. Immunofluorescence assay indicated that viral antigens were found throughout the infected cell and, especially, on the surface of the cell.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.166-178
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• 1985

In order to express hepatitis B surface antigen $(HB_sAg)$ containing pre-surface antigen region in mammalian calls, 2.7 kb DNA fragment containing pre-surface region-$HB_sAg$ gene poly(A) addition site of HBV genome was cloned into simian virus 40(SV 40) based chimeric vector pSVOB. 2.7 kb DNA fragment was derived from pHBVD 107 containing tandem copies of the HBV genome in a head-to-tail arrangement by Bgl II digestion. Construction of the vector pSVOE involved the incorporation of SV40 sequences spanning the viral origin of replication and 72 bp repeats (enhancer) into a pBR 322 derivative lacking sequences which inhibit replication in mammalian cells. Bam HI linker was inserted at the Pvu II site in the proximity of SV40 late promoter of pSVOE and named as pSVOB. To construct the recombinant plasmid pSVBS, pHBVD 107 was digested with Bgl II to isolate 2.7kb DNA fragment and the fragment was ligated into the Bam HI site of pSVOB by ligation. Preliminary result showed that the recombinant plasmid pSVBS produced $HB_sAg$ in the monkey cell producing large T antigen (COS cell).

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 1993

Surface proteins of Trichomonqs unginnlis (T vqsinalis) were analyzed to study the antigenic variation. The surface proteins of protozoa were labelled by N- hydrokysuccinimide-biotin (NHS-biotins, the NHS-biotin-labelled proteins were immunoprecipitated with rabbit antiserum to purifjr the antigenic fractions and analysed by SDS-PAGE plus electroblotting. The results obtained in this study were as follows; Biotinylated T. uaginalis-proteins obtained from intact cell and cells disrupted prior to labelling were detected by antibiotin-peroxidase in Western blots. Labelled proteins were immunoprecipitated by T. vcqinalis-immunized rabbit serum and the six bands with, the molecular weights of 46, 60, 68, 90, 130 and 220 kDa were identified as having antigenicity. T unginalis HY-1,HY-15 and ATCC 50148 were immunoprecipitated by immune rabbit serum after biotinylation and there were no difference from antigenic bands among these strains by this tehchnique. In conclusion with the results obtained in the present study, it was assumed that surface proteins of T vaqinclis were labelled by biotinylation and the six labelled bands at 46, 60, 68, 90, 130 and 220 kDa in their molecular weight were identified as having antigenicity by immunoprecipitation (IPI and this biotinylation-IP technique may be used for further study of surface antigen of T vaginalis.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.455-460
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• 1986

Dane particle was prepared from the plasma of chronic HBsAg carrier with high levels of HBsAg activity. DNA extracted front Dane particle core after a DNA polymerase reaction with $\alpha$-($^{32}$P) dNTP, was identified as HBV DNA by liquid scintillation counter and agarose gel electrophoresis-G.M. counting. To produce Hepatitis B surface antigen for use as a vaccine against Hepatitis B virus infection, yeast strains harboring recombinant plasmid with Apase promoter was used. Recombinant plasmid was construced from pHBV 130 and pAN 82, transformed into E coli, and then transferred into yeast strains. HBsAg was produced by derepression in Burkholder minimal medium with controlled inorganic phosphate concentration. The kinetics of HBsAg production was also investigated. Total HBsAg activity increased rapidly between 3 and 6 hours after transfer to phosphate-free medium and reached a maximum at around 9th hour. The transfer into phosphate-free medium after 6 hours in high phosphate cell growth medium gave maximum activity.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.134-140
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• 1991

B형 간염바이러스의 표면항원, 파상풍, 디프테리아균의 toxoid, 백일해의 혼합백신인 PDT-Hepa의 효능을 실험하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 시험물질을 기니픽에 접종하였을 때 B형 간염 바이러스의 표면 항원과 파상풍 및 디프테리아균의 toxoid에 대한 항체형성이 뚜렷이 관찰되었으며, 항체형성의 정도는 접종용량에 비례하였다. 백일해의 경우는 시험물질을 마우스에 접종시킨 후 마우스에 감수성이 있는 Bordetella pertussis 18323주로 직접 공격 접종하여 이 균에 대한 방어력이 형성되어 있음을 관찰하였으며, 이러한 방어정도는 투여 용량에 비레함을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.19 no.1 s.19
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• pp.45-55
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• 1986

It is well known that Korea is one of the endemic area for type B viral hepatitis. A screening test for HBsAg by RPHA method was performed to evaluate the prevalence of HBsAg among urban, rural and coastal area population during the period between Jan. 1985 and Aug. 1985. The results obtained are as follows; 1) The HBsAg was detected in 242 among 2,849 with positive rate of 8.49%. The positive rate by sex showed higher rate in males(9.07%) than females(6.79%) for HBsAg. But these differences by sen were not statistically significant. 2) By living area, the positivity of HBsAg was 8.67% in urban, 7.43% in rural and 8.37% in coastal area. But the differences were not statistically significant. 3) The positivity differences of HBsAg were significantly observed between male(9.26%) and female(6.44%) in urban area. But there was not in rural and coastal area. 4) The positivity was the highest in 4th decade in urban area. But 6th decade in rural and 4th and 5th decade in coastal area. Generally the positivity of HBsAg was more prevalent in young age and decreasing by the age increasing in the male. But in the female it was most common in 6th decade. 5) Elevated SGOT(>40 Unit) was significantly higher in HBsAg positive group(13.6%) than in HBsAg negative group(3.4%).

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.494-498
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• 1989

Hybridoma cell lines, which secrete monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the surface antigens of Cryptosporidium parvum Sporozoites, were produced by fusing spleen cells of C. parvum Sporozoite-immunized mice with P3-X63-Ag8 myeloma cells. Two cloned antibody-secreting cell lines, Kor1 and Ea2, were established and produced IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies, respectively. Percoll-purified sporozoites were solubilized and separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Western blot assay demonstrates that an antigen of 20-kDa was bound by monoclonals. By indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, mAb exhibited uniform binding to the sporozoite surface.