• Ceramist
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.349-365
• /
• 2018

Since the electrification of vehicles has been extended, solid-state batteries have been attracting a lot of interest because of their superior safety. Especially, polymer, sulfide, and oxide based materials are being studied as solid electrolytes, and each type of materials has advantaged and disadvantages over others. Oxide electrolytes has higher chemical and electrochemical stability compared to the other types of electrolytes. However, ionic conductivity isn't high enough as much as that of organic liquid electrolytes. Also, there are many difficulties of fabricating solid-state batteries with oxide based electrolytes because they require a sintering process at very high temperature (above ${\sim}800^{\circ}C$). Herein, we review recent studies of solid-state batteries with oxide based electrolytes about the ionic conductivity, interfacial reactions with Li metal, and preparation of solid-state cell.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 1974

포항종합제철(浦項綜合製鐵)은 제품출하시(製品出荷時) 해송비(海送比)를 약(約) 80% 정도(程度)로 잡고 있으며, 현재(現在) 하루 평균(平均) 약(約) 3,000ton가량의 제품(製品)이 출하(出荷)되고 있다. 따라서 강재품(鋼材品) 수송(輸送)에 push-barge system을 적용(適用)했을 경우에 각(各) 주요예상소비지(主要豫想消費地)의 1일(日) 예상소비량(豫想消費量)을 장래의 시설확장(施設擴張)을 고려(考慮)하여 1,000ton/day에서 4,000ton/day까지 가정하였고 속도(速度)는 연안화물선(沿岸貨物船)의 예(例)를 따라 7knots에서 13knots까지에 걸쳐 조사(調査)하였다. 회항시(廻航時) 화물(貨物)은 일단 없는 것으로 가정하였으며 몇가지 생각될 수 있는 것은 schedule중(中)에서 "1 tugboats: 3 barges", "2 tugboats: 4 barges", "3 tugboats: 5 barges"의 3가지만을 대상(對象)으로 하였다. 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 소비량(消費量) 1,000ton/day인 경우에 포항-울산(浦項-蔚山) : 1,000 DWT barge, 8 knots, 1 tugboat: 3 barges 포항-부산(浦項-釜山) : 1,550 DWT barge, 8 knots, 1 tugboat : 3 barges 포항-인천(浦項-仁川) : 2,690 DWT barge, 9 knots, 2 tugboats : 4 barges 등이 최적(最適)인 것으로 나타났다. 또 자항화물선(自航貨物船)과 비교(比較)하면 같은 크기의 자항화물선(自航貨物船) $2.5{\sim}3.0$척(隻)에 해당(該當)하는 효율(效率)을 가진다. 이 결과(結果)로 미루어 보건대 push-barge system은 앞으로 연구개발(硏究開發)의 충분(充分)한 가치(價値)가 있는 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.170-174
• /
• 2021

As the rising attention to the medical and healthcare issue, Bio-MEMS (Micro electro mechanical systems) platform such as bio sensor, cell culture system, and microfluidics device has been studied extensively. Bio-MEMS platform mostly has high resolution structure made by biocompatible material such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). In addition, three dimension structure has been applied to the bio-MEMS. Lithography can be used to fabricate complex structure by multiple process, however, non-rectangular cross section can be implemented by introducing optical apparatus to lithography technic. X-ray lithography can be used even for sub-micron scale. Here in, we demonstrated lines with round shape cross section using the tilted gold absorber which was deposited on the oblique structure as the X-ray mask. This structure was used as a mold for PDMS. Molded PDMS was applied to the cell culture platform. Moreover, molded PDMS was bonded to flat PDMS to utilize to the sub-micro channel. This work has potential to the large area bio-MEMS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.38 no.10
• /
• pp.1397-1405
• /
• 2009

This study was to investigate food components of Bigum spinach growing in Jeonnam Shinan. The samples used in this study were Pohang spinach of inland and jo-saeng, chung-saeng, man-saeng, chungman-saeng spinach of Bigum located on Jeonnam Shinan. We analyzed proximate composition, mineral content, germanium, organic acid, free sugar, vitamin A, C, and E contents. We conducted the sensory evaluation after blanching and color changes of before and after blanching of 5 kinds of spinach. The results were as follows: moisture and ash contents were significantly higher in Pohang spinach than Bigum spinach. Crude protein, carbohydrates and crude fiber contents were higher in Bigum spinach than Pohang spinach. In mineral contents, potassium and zinc contents were higher in Pohang spinach than Bigum spinach whereas calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, sodium contents were higher in Bigum spinach than Pohang spinach. Germanium contents was 14.06$\sim$27.16 ppb in Bigum spinach whereas not detected in Pohang spinach. In organic acid contents, man-saeng and jo-saeng of Bigum spinach were high in oxalic acid, citric acid, malic acid and formic acid contents. Succinic acid and acetic acid contents were high in Pohang spinach. Almost all free sugars were higher in Bigum spinach, especially jo-saeng and man-saeng, than Pohang spinach except lactose. Vitamin A contents was similar with Pohang and Bigum spinach except chung-saeng but vitamin C and E contents were higher in Bigum spinach than Pohang spinach. Color L (light) after blanching was significantly higher in chungman-saeng than other spinaches. Color a (redness) was significantly lower in chung-saeng and man-saeng than others and chungman-saeng was significantly higher than others. Color b (yellowness) was low in man-saeng and high in jo-saeng of Bigum spinach. In case of sensory properties after blanching, taste, sweet, overall preference were significant higher in Bigum spinach except chung-saeng than Pohang spinach.

• ICROS
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.39-45
• /
• 1995

생산량의 증대, 품질의 균일화, 생산 원가의 절감, 조업인원의 합리화를 위한 기술개발경쟁에서 기술우위를 확보하는 것이 국경을 초월한 무한경쟁체제에서 포항제철소가 국제경쟁력을 확보할 수 있으며, 포항제철 기술연구소가 앞으로 추진해 나아가야 할 방향일 것이다. 이를 위해서 우리 연구소, 특히 제어.계측.자동화 연구에 치중하고 있는 시스템연구팀은 공정 라인의 "no touch operation"을 구현하기 위해 artificial intelligence 등의 기술을 바탕으로 전 공정의 자동화, EIC 통합, 설비진단 자동화, 품질진단 자동화를 이루어 나가는 방향으로 나가고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2001.11a
• /
• pp.377-378
• /
• 2001

포항지역은 인구규모 50만 정도의 중소도시이지만 도심은 항만을 끼고 있고 포항제철 및 연관산업체가 입지하여 선박, 전동기관차 그리고 인근의 공항 등 다양한 형태의 대기오염물질 배출원이 공존하고 있는 지역이다. 지금까지 대기오염배출량 산정에는 주로 자동차 및 산업체 및 주거지역지역과 같은 오염원을 다루고 있으며 기관차, 항공기 및 선박과 같은 오염원에 의한 대기오염물질 배출량 산정은 드물다. 이러한 복합적인 오염원이 존재하는 곳에서의 대기질 관리에 있어 가장 선행되어야 할 사항 중의 하나는 주요한 대기오염 배출원의 파악과 가장 현실성 있는 오염원의 배출목록을 작성하는 것이다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2015.07a
• /
• pp.354-356
• /
• 2015

포항항 관제구역은 2009년 8월 영일만항 개장으로 방파제(길이 5.5km) 신설에 따라 정박지 'S-5'내 조류 및 저질변화로 인해 정박선의 주묘현상이 현저하게 발생하고 있으며, 포항 신항내 고층구조물 신설로 인해 동일 시간대 풍향 풍속등 기상현상이 포항구항 및 영일만항, 호미곶과는 달리 강력하게 발생하여 입 출항선박의 안전에 위험을 초래하고 있다. 이와 같이, 관제구역내 환경변화에 따른 정박선의 현저한 주묘 및 포항 신항내 강력한 풍향 풍속등의 발생이 선박의 안전을 위협하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 관제구역내 환경변화에 따른 해상교통안전의 위험을 줄이기 위한 VTS의 역할 및 대처방안에 대해 모색해 보고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.382-388
• /
• 1994

포항가속기연구소에서 사용될 진공게이지 교정시스템이 설계 제작되었다. 이 교정시스템은 동적 교정방법으로 설계되었으며 transfer standard 로서 spinning rotor gauge를 사용하였다. 포항가속기의 저장리에 사용될 모든 진공게이지는 교정시스템으로 교정을 하여 사용할 것이며, 주로 교정할 게이지로 는 Bayard-Alpert(BA) nude ionization gauge와 cold cathode gauge등이 있다. 본 논문에서는 포항가속 기의 진공게이지 교정시스템에 대해서 소개를 하였고 현재까지 BA nude ioni-zation gauge 6대 extractor gauge 1대 high pressure gauge 1대와 cold cathode gauge 5대를 10-4에서 10-4 Torr 범위내 에서 교정하여 그 결과를 보였다.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2019.07a
• /
• pp.307-308
• /
• 2019

The Pohang Light Source (PLS) - II is a 3 GeV third-generation synchrotron radiation facility. To inject electron beam from LINAC, a kicker modulator system and kicker magnets are installed in the PLS-II storage ring tunnel. The injected beam then falls into the storage ring beam dynamic aperture. This paper describes the design and implementation of the solid-state kicker modulator for PLS-II. The solid-state kicker modulator is consisted of high voltage solid state switch stacks. the technical considerations of the solid-state switch stacking for kicker modulator is discussed. The achieved capability of the solid-state kicker modulator demonstrates that is fulfills the design requirement of providing half-sine pulsed current of 10kA (peak), 6us (Base-width), with jitter < 2ns (Standard deviation). simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the solid-state kicker modulator.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.31 no.5
• /
• pp.267-272
• /
• 2022

A dual-phase structure refers to a material with two different phases of components or crystal structures. In this study, we analyze the stress distributions for harmonic and composite structured materials which are a kind of dual-phase structure materials. The finite element method (FEM) was used to progress compression test to analyze the strain distribution, and rather than constituted of a fully dense material, a dual-phase structure was designed to make a lightweight structure that has different shapes and volumes of vacancy in each case. As a result of each case, the dual-phase structured materials showed different stress distribution patterns and based on this, the cause was identified through the research.