• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.273-281
• /
• 1990

Two rice varieties, Samkangbyeo and Sangpungbyeo, were transplanted on 1/2000a pots at 6 different dates beginning on May 11 with 10 day interval in 1987 and at 4 different dates beginning on May 21 with 10 day interval in a paddy field at the Chungbuk Provincial Rural Development Administration. Dry matter distributions to stem and leaf sheath, leaves and ear at different growth stages were analyzed to provide basic informations neccessary for the development of dynamic growth model. Dry matter production was reduced as transplanting was delayed and the degree of reduction was greater at the transplanting later than June 1. Dry matter distribution to stem and leaf sheath was increased up to 60-70 days after transplanting with the maximum ratio between 60-70%, which were decreased to 37-43% in pots and 27-33% in field at the end of ripening stage. On the other hand, dry matter distribution to leaf blade was decreased from 40-50% at transplanting to 11-17% at harvesting. Ear dry matter distribution increased rapidly after heading and the distribution ratio was 42-49% in pots and 52-62% in field. Although regression equations to predict dry matter distribution to different parts of rice plant were satisfactory for individual experiment, the application to different experiment was not appropriate.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2017

Red mud is an inorganic by-product produced from the mineral processing of alumina from Bauxite ores. The development of alkali-activated slag-red mud cement can be a representative study aimed at recycling the strong alkali of the red mud as a construction material. This study is to investigate the optimum water content, compressive strength, water absorption and efflorescence of alkali-activated slag-red mud soil pavement according to binder type. The results showed that the optimum water content, moisture absorption coefficient and efflorescence area of alkali-activated slag-red mud soil pavement increased but the compressive strength of that decreased as the redmud content increased.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 2004

To examine the effect of storage condition on the quality and microbiological change of strawberry “Minyubong”, the rate of weight loss, decay rate, pH and titratable acidity, and microbial (total bacterial count, mold and yeast) changes were determined during storage. Strawberry fruits were packaged with low-density polyethylene (LDPE). Strawberries were then stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ and 20$^{\circ}C$, respectively. LDPE package was effective on the decrease of decay rate of strawberry as well as the rate of weight loss, compared with the non-packaged. Microbial changes of strawberry stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ and 20$^{\circ}C$ were monitored during storage. Packaging affected the microbial change, resulting in retarding the growth of total bacteria as well as mold and yeast, compared with the non-packaged, regardless of storage temperature. These results indicate that storage of strawberry fruits wrapped with LDPE at 4'C should be recommended in terms of quality as well as its shelf-life.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2020.08a
• /
• pp.81-81
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 새싹인삼(Panax ginseng sprout) 재배용으로 이용하기 위한 묘삼(종삼)의 장기 저온저장 시 사용되는 필름의 종류가 묘삼의 출아율이나 생육에 영향을 미치는 지 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 포장에 사용된 필름은 다공성물질인 제올라이트와 페그마타이트가 5% 함유된 50㎛ low density polyethylene(기능성 LDPE) 필름과 nylon/polyethylene 80 ㎛(Ny/PE) 필름에 묘삼을 100g씩 포장한 후 골판지 상자에 담아 -2℃의 저장고에서 10개월 동안 저장하면서 8개월째부터 2개월마다 시료를 꺼내어 5℃에서 5일 동안 온도 순화를 시킨 후 1차 조사에서는 육안조사로 실험실에서 건전한 묘삼과 부패 묘삼을 조사하였고, 건전한 묘삼만 새싹인삼 수경재배 농가에 재식한 후 2차 조사로 묘삼의 출아율과 출아된 묘삼이 새싹인삼으로 건전하게 생육한 비율을 조사하였다. 조사결과 Ny/PE 필름에 8개월 저장된 묘삼의 경우 1차 육안검사 시 뇌두부위가 검게 변하여 묘삼이 대부분 고사된 것으로 조사되었다. 필름 개봉 전 필름 내부의 O₂ 및 CO₂ 가스농도를 측정한 결과 O₂ 농도는 1.91%, CO₂ 농도는 38.9%로 측정되었고, 필름 개봉 시 알코올 냄새의 이취가 나는 것으로 보아 Ny/PE 필름으로 포장 된 묘삼이 -2℃의 저온저장기간 동안에도 호흡을 하면서 필름 내 산소를 완전히 소모하고 혐기적인 환경으로 변화시켜 대사활동이 불가능하였기 때문에 뇌두의 싹이 고사된 것으로 조사되었다. 반면 기능성 필름으로 포장한 묘삼은 저장 8개월에 정식 후 74.3%의 출아율을 보였고, 건전한 새싹인삼의 비율은 67.2%로 조사되었다. 정식 전·후 묘삼의 개체수 대비 건전 출아율의 비율은 56.7%를 나타내어 Ny/PE 필름으로 포장한 묘삼의 결과와 큰 차이를 보였다. 기능성필름의 개봉 전 필름 내부의 O₂ 및 CO₂ 가스농도를 측정한 결과 O₂ 농도는 12.9%, CO₂ 농도는 4.6%로 측정되어 묘삼의 저온저장 시 필름을 적용할 경우 공기의 유동이 원활이 이루어져 내부 O₂ 농도를 일정 수준 이상 유지해주는 필름을 사용하는 것이 묘삼의 출아와 생육에 좋은 것으로 조사되었다.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.274-278
• /
• 2001

The antimicrobial extracts of Rheum palmatum and Coptis chinensis root as well as grapefruit seed extract were applied to dipping treatment for keeping qualities of zucchinis, respectively, which were then packed in low density polyethylene films incorporated with 1% antimicrobial extracts and stored at 10$\^{C}$. Dipping and packaging in the antimicrobial agents suppressed the growth of putrefactive microorganisms and the decay ratio of zucchinis. In addition, the loss ratio of ascorbic acid content of zucchinis and their weight were decreased during the storage of zucchinis. Consequently, the combined method of dipping and packaging in antimicmbial agents tumid out to be superior to dipping treatment or film-packaging in the view point of decay ratio and the quality control of zucchinis.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.20 no.6 s.84
• /
• pp.553-560
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of packaging materials (general, charcoal) on the physicochemical properties of white, brown and black rices stored at 30'E . The weight losses of the rices were $2.2\~3.0\%$ during storage. The germination rates of the white rice packed with general (GW) and charcoal (CW) were both $0.0\%$, whereas those for the brown and black rices (GB and CB, and GBL and CBL) were 10.3 and $10.9\%$, and 11.8 and $12.1\%$, respectively, after 10 weeks of storage. With regard to the weight losses, there were no differences in the germination rates between the packaging materials. The hardness of the rice increased with increasing storage, but the change was smallest for the CBL (charcoal packed, black rice) and largest for the GW (general packed, white rice). The fat acidity of the rices was significantly increased with increasing storage time and those of the rices packed in charcoal materials were significantly lower than those packed in general packaging materials.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.264-271
• /
• 2002

Nitrogen releasing characteristics of polymer-coated urea(PCU) that made acrylic synthetic resins were studied in incubated soil, water and paddy soil. Also, their correlations and degradation patterns of coating material were tested. Releasing rate of nitrogen from PCU decreased with increasing coating rate. N001(coating rate 8.5%) and N003(coasting rater 6.3%) were low releasing amount at the early stage, whereas N005(coating rate 4.8%) was released over 80% within 20 days. Relationship of the releasing rate between incubated soil($25^{\circ}C$) and paddy soil could be described as follows : $Y=-0.0011X^2+2.2931X-50.264(R^2=0.9884)$ for N001, $Y=-0.0016X^2+1.1587X+5.5064(R^2=0.9805)$ for N003 and $Y=-0.03X^2+6.499X-243.22(R^2=0.9422)$ for N005, respectively (Y: release rate at field condition, X: experiment period). Relationship of the releasing rate between incubated water($30^{\circ}C$) and paddy soil can be described as follows : $Y=0.0011X^2+2.2601X-25.329(R^2=0.9884)$ for N001, $Y=-0.0306X^2+4.4994X-76.307(R^2=0.955)$ for N003 and $Y=-0.0164X^2+3.7764X-108.22(R^2=0.9422)$ for N005. After 150 days, coating materials of N001, N003, and N005 in incubated soil were degraded approximately 23%, 22% and 15%, respectively. Also The scanning electron microscope examination of coating material revealed that particle surface became gradually shattered with the time after the soil treatment.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.135-141
• /
• 2004

To examine the quality changes of tomato and plum fruits during storage under various storage conditions, the rate of weight loss, pH change, titratable acidity, Hunter a value, firmness, and anthocyanin content were determined during storage. Tomato and plum fruits were stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ and 25$^{\circ}C$. Tomato fruits were packaged with high density polyethylene film (HDPE) and polyvinylidene chloride film (PVDC), and plum fruits were packaged with HDPE. Tomato fruits packaged with PVDC and plum fruits packaged with HDPE at 4$^{\circ}C$ were the most desirable in terms of weight loss. Titratable acidity of tomato fruits decreased with increasing storage time regardless of temperature and packaging method. Hunter a value of tomato fruits stored at 25$^{\circ}C$ increased regardless of packaging method, while it was not changed for tomato fruits stored at 4$^{\circ}C$. Firmness of plum fruits stored at 25$^{\circ}C$ significantly decreased during storage and anthocyanin content increased. Microbial numbers of tomato fruits increased during storage, but its rate was retarded during storage when tomato fruits were packaged with HDPE and stored at 4$^{\circ}C$. These results suggest that cold chain system and appropriate packaging could maintain the quality and prolong the shelf life of fresh produce.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2019.04a
• /
• pp.109-109
• /
• 2019

2018년 5월 전라북도 남원군에서 재배하여 수확 후 $0^{\circ}C$ 저장고에서 예냉을 마친 산마늘을 사용하였으며 외 포장 상자는 골판지로 구성된 통기공이 없는 골판지상자 1kg용을 사용하였다. 골판지상자와 함께 내부 포장으로 사용하기 위한 내포장 필름은 $20{\mu}m$ 두께의 HDPE으로 된 필름 봉지, 흡습종이는 파라핀왁스 코팅 종이($32{\times}35cm$, 태영산업)를 이용하여 조합 처리하고 국내에서 개발한 기능성 필름2종으로 포장처리는 총 4가지로 (1) PE(관행) (2) PE+흡습지 (3) 기능성필름1($30{\times}58cm$, 기능성물질 1%+40,000OTR, 제조사: 신영산업사) (4) 기능성필름2($30{\times}58cm$, Key fresh, 제조사: 씨앤케이프로팩(주)) 각 처리당 1kg 씩의 산마늘 잎을 포장하였다. 실험은 포장 처리 후 상온상태로 전북 완주군 실험실까지 수송하였으며 실험실 도착 후 상온 실험실에 두고 2일과 6일 후 중량감소율, 색도, 엽록소, 손실률 및 종합선도 등 품질특성 변화를 조사하였고 각 포장방법별 온도와 상대습도 변화를 보기 위하여 산마늘 잎이 포장된 상자 내부 중앙 부분에 디지털온습도기록계(SP-2000-20R)를 고정한 후 측정하였다. 대조구로 사용한 PE필름 단용으로 포장한 산마늘 잎은 상온저장 6일 경과 후 중량 소율이 1.7%, PE필름+신선지 처리는 1.0%, 기능성필름1과 기능성필름2는 거의 중량감소가 없어 1% 미만의 변화를 보였다. 산마늘 잎의 SPAD 값에 의한 엽록소 수치와 색도를 측정한 명도($L^*$)와 Hue angle 값의 변화는 기능성필름1과 기능성필름2가 유사하게 높게 유지되었고 반면에 PE필름은 저장 2일 후 부터 값이 감소하기 시작하여 6일 후 크게 감소하였다. 저장 6일 후 기능성필름1과 기능성필름2가 외관품위에서 높은 평가를 받아 상품성을 유지하고 있었으나 PE필름 처리와 PE필름+흡습지 처리는 상품성을 상실한 상태였다. 이러한 경향은 건전율에 있어서도 유사하였으며 기능성필름1(다공성 나노 물질이 혼입되어 있으며 산소투과율을 $40,000cc/m2{\cdot}day{\cdot}atm$으로 조성한 필름)이 상온저장 6일 후 상품성을 유지하는 건전율이 83%로 가장 높았다.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.67-78
• /
• 1990

An inverse self-iterative procedure is developed to determine layer moduli which are significant for the structural evaluation of pavements in developing rational and analytical rehabilitation technique. Falling weight deflectometer(FWD) is adopted as a non-destructive testing(NDT)device. The layer elastic theory is used to interpret NDT data. The theoretical deflection basins of pavement structures obtained by full factorial design are used for a parametric study on the characteristics of deflection basins and regression analyses. Regression equations to estimate layer moduli of flexible pavements are proposed through the regression analyses of theoretical deflection basins. The relationships between the rate of change of moduli and deflections are developed for the efficient iteration. An inverse self-iterative procedure to ensure the accuracy of the layer moduli is proposed. Validity and applicability of the developed procedure are verified through various numerical model tests.