• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.21-26
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• 2010

This paper proposed an efficient algorithm to reduce the amount of calculation for Scalability Extension which takes a great deal of the operational time in H.264/AVC. This algorithm decides a search range according to the direction of predicted motion vector, and then performs an adaptive spiral search for the candidates with JM(Joint Model) FME(Fast Motion Estimation) which employs the rate-distortion optimization(RDO) method. Experimental results by applying the proposed method to various video sequences showed that the process time was decreased up to 80% comparing to the previous prediction methods. The degradation of video Quality was only from 0.05dB to 0.19dB and the compression ratio decreased as small as 0.58% in average. Therefore, we are sure that the proposed method is an efficient method for the fast inter prediction.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2015

This paper aims to explore what we can improve in the curriculum, teaching-learning, and evaluation on the bases of the analyses of multiple-choice items set in National Assessment of Educational Achievement. For this goal, by using the distribution curves of the responses percentages, we will grasp the features of educational achievement which appear to students through an in-depth analysis about not only item itself but also the contents included in particular distracters. These analyses provide more information than the descriptive statistical values such as the mean of correct answer percentage and the discrimination of whole group and the mean of responses percentages of replies of subgroups. Because the distribution curves of the responses percentages reveal the transition from the lowest to the highest educational achievement very well. From these analyses we acquire the implications about the concept of prime factor or prime factorization, ratio(proportion) such as velocity, linear function, volume of cone, properties of solid figure, and probabilities of empty event and total event.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.17-17
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• 2001

본 논문은 0.6㎛ CMOS 기술로 LZSS 알고리즘과 엔트로피 부호를 이용한 부호기/복호기 단일-칩의 본 논문은 0.6uul CMOS 기술로 LZSS 알고리즘과 엔트로피 부호를 이용한 부호기/복호기 단일-칩의 VLSI 설계 및 구현에 관하여 기술하였다. 처리 속도 50MHz를 갖는 사전탐색처리장치(DISP)의 메모리는 2K×Bbit 크기를 사용하였다. 이것은 매번 33개 클럭 중 한 개의 클럭은 사전의 WINDOW 배열을 갱신으로 사용하고 나머지 클럭은 주기마다 한 개의 데이터 기호를 바이트 단위로 압축을 실행한다. 결과적으로, LZSS 부호어 출력에 엔트로피 부호를 적용하여 46%의 평균 압축률을 보였다. 이것은 LZSS에 보다 7% 정도의 압축 성능이 향상된 것이다.

• Journal of Digital Policy
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

This study conducted preliminary study to identify effective ways to use ChatGPT in traffic policing by analyzing ChatGPT's responses to the driver's license test and the road traffic accident appraiser test. I collected ChatGPT responses for the driver's license test item pool and the road traffic accident appraiser test using the OpenAI API with Python code for 30 iterative experiments, and analyzed the percentage of correct answers by test, year, section, and consistency. First, the average correct answer rate for the driver's license test and the for road traffic accident appraisers test was 44.60% and 35.45%, respectively, which was lower than the pass criteria, and the correct answer rate after 2022 was lower than the average correct answer rate. Second, the percentage of correct answers by section ranged from 29.69% to 56.80%, showing a significant difference. Third, it consistently produced the same response more than 95% of the time when the answer was correct. To effectively utilize ChatGPT, it is necessary to have user expertise, evaluation data and analysis methods, design a quality traffic law corpus and periodic learning.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• autumn
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• pp.81-84
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• 2001

본 논문은 중규모 단어급의 핵심어 검출 시스템에서 인식률 향상을 위해 미등록어 거절(Out-of-Vocabulary rejection) 기능을 제어하기 위한 연구이다. 이것은 핵심어 검출기에서 인식된 결과를 확인하는 과정으로 검증시스템이 구현되기 위해서는 매 음소마다 검증 기능이 필요하고, 이를 위해서 반음소(anti-phoneme model) 모델을 사용하였다. 검증의 역할은 인식기에서 인식된 단어가 등록어인지 미등록어인지 판별하는 것이다. 단어인식기는 비터비 탐색을 하므로, 기본적으로 단어단위로 인식을 하지만 그 인식된 단어는 내부적으로 음소단위로 인식된다. 따라서, 최소 검증 오류를 갖는 반음소 모델을 사용하고, 이를 이용하여 인식된 음소 단위들을 각각의 반음소 모델과 비교하여 통계적인 방법에 의해 신뢰도를 구한다 이 음소단위의 신뢰도를 단어 단위의 신뢰도로 환산하기 위해서 음소단위를 평균 내는 방식 을 취한다. 이렇게 함으로서, 등록어와 미등록어 사이의 분별력을 크게 하여 향상된 인식 성능을 얻었다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.11C
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• pp.1077-1084
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• 2006

This paper proposed a fast algorithm to reduce the amount of calculation for inter prediction which takes a great deal of the operational time in H.264/AVC. This algorithm decides a search range according to the direction of predicted motion vector, and then performs an adaptive spiral search for the candidates with JM(Joint Model) FME(Fast Motion Estimation) which employs the rate-distortion optimization(RDO) method. Simultaneously, it decides a threshold cost value for each of the variable block sizes and performs the motion estimation for the variable search ranges with the threshold. These activities reduce the great amount of the complexity in inter prediction encoding. Experimental results by applying the proposed method .to various video sequences showed that the process time was decreased up to 80% comparing to the previous prediction methods. The degradation of video quality was only from 0.05dB to 0.19dB and the compression ratio decreased as small as 0.58% in average. Therefore, we are sure that the proposed method is an efficient method for the fast inter prediction.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.165-170
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• 2015

The Vocabulary Recognition System made by recognizing the standard vocabulary is seen as a decline of recognition when out of the standard or similar words. The vector values of the existing system to the model created by configuring the database was used in the recognition vocabulary. The model to be formed during the search for the recognition vocabulary is recognizable because there is a disadvantage not configured with a database. In this paper, it induced to recognize the vector model is formed by the search and configuration using a Bayesian model recognizes the Bhattacharyya distance measurement based on the vector model, by applying the Wiener filter improves the recognition rate. The result of Convergence of two method's are improved reliability experiments for distance measurement. Using a proposed measurement are compared to the conventional method exhibited a performance of 98.2%.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.21-30
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• 2018

In this paper, we use Sound-tracing, a 3D sound technology based on ray-tracing that uses geometric method as auditory technology to enhance realism. The Sound-tracing is costly in the sound propagation stage. In order to reduce the sound propagation cost, we propose a method to calculate the average effective frame number of previous frames using the frame coherence property and to adjust the depth according to the space based on the calculated number. Experimental results show that the path loss rate is 0.72% and the traversal & Intersection test calculation amount is decreased by 85.13% and the frame rate is increased by 4.48% when the sound source is indoors, compared with the result of the case without depth control. When the sound source was outdoors, the path loss was 0% and the traversal & Intersection test calculation amount is decreased by 25.01% and the frame rate increased by 7.85%. This allowed the rendering performance to be increased while minimizing the path loss rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.435-441
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• 2014

This paper suggests techniques to enhance coding time which is a problem in traditional fractal compression and to improve fidelity of reconstructed images by determining fractal coefficient through adaptive selection of block approximation formula. First, to reduce coding time, we construct a linear list of domain blocks of which characteristics is given by their luminance and variance and then we control block searching time according to the first permissible threshold value. Next, when employing three-level block partition, if a range block of minimum partition level cannot find a domain block which has a satisfying approximation error, There applied to 24-bpp color image compression and image techniques. The result did not occur a loss in the image quality of the image when using the encoding method, such as almost to the color in the RGB image compression rate and image quality, such as gray-level images and showed good.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.945-949
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• 2009

This paper proposes an enhanced motion estimation that is one of core parts affecting the coding performance and visual quality in video coding. Although the full search technique, which is the most basic method of the motion estimation, presents the best visual quality, its computational complexity is great, since the search procedures to find the best matched block with each block in the current frame are carried out for all points inside the search area. Thus, various fast algorithms to reduce the computational complexity and maintain good visual quality have been proposed. The PMVFAST adopted the MPEG-4 visual standard produces the visual quality near that by the full search technique with the reduced computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a new motion vector prediction method using median processing. The proposed method reduces the computational complexity for the motion estimation significantly. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is faster than the PMVFAST and better than the full search in terms of search speed and average PSNR, respectively.