• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.59-74
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• 2008

목적 : 이 연구는 봉약침의 봉독과 그 주요성분인 멜리틴이 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성억제와 세포자멸사 관련 단백질의 발현 조절을 통하여 세포자멸사를 유도하고 전립선 암세포주인 LNCaP 세포의 성장을 억제하는지를 확인하고 해당 기전을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법 : 봉독이나 멜리틴을 처리한 후 LNCaP의 성장억제를 관찰하기 위해 WST-1 assay, CCK-8 assay를 시행하였고, 세포자멸사의 관찰에는 DAPI, TUNEL staining assay를 시행하였으며, 세포자멸사 조절단백질의 변동 관찰에는 western blot analysis를 시행하였고, 세포자멸사와 연관된 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성 변화를 관찰하기 위해 EMSA를 시행하였으며, LNCaP에서 봉독이나 멜리틴과 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 상호작용을 관찰하기 위해 transient transfection assay를 시행 시 세포생존율과 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성 변동을 측정하였다. 결과 : LNCaP 세포에 봉독이나 멜리틴을 처리한 후, 전립선암세포의 성장, 세포자멸사의 유발, 세포자멸사 관련 단백질의 발현, $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성, $NF-{\kappa}B$의 p50 치환 후 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성과 LNCaP 세포 증식에 미치는 영향을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. LNCaP 세포에서 봉독이나 멜리틴을 처리한 후 세포자멸사가 유도되어 세포성장이 억제되었고, 세포자멸사 관련 단백질 중 분리된 PARP, caspase-9, Bax는 유의한 증가를, Bcl-2, p-Akt, MMP 13, XIAP, cXIAP는 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 2. LNCaP 세포에서 봉독이나 멜리틴을 처리한 후 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성의 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 3. LNCaP 세포에서 $NF-{\kappa}B$ p50를 치환하여 작용기를 없애고 봉독이나 멜리틴을 처리하였을 경우에도 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성의 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 결론 : 이상의 결과는 봉독이나 멜리틴이 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성 억제를 통하여 인간 전립선암세포주인 LNCaP의 세포자멸사를 유발함으로써 증식억제 효과가 있음을 입증한 것으로 전립선암의 예방과 치료에 대한 효과적인 치료제 개발에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다. 다만 그 기전에서 봉독이나 멜리틴은 기존연구와 달리 $NF-{\kappa}B$ p50의 작용기와 직접적으로 상호작용을 하지는 않는 것으로 보이므로 심화 연구를 요한다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.149-157
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of mixed pharmacopuncture of $Jungsongouhyul$ and $Cervi$ $Pantotrichum$ $Cornu$ on low back pain patients. Methods : 83 patients with Low back pain who were treated in Dept. of Acupuncture and Moxibusion, Dongshin University Hospital in Suncheon from Sep. 1st, 2010 to August 31th, 2011, were divided into two groups. One group (52 patients) was treated with conservative treatments (acupuncture, herb med, cupping therapy and physical therapy) and mixed pharmacopuncture of $Jungsongouhyul$ and $Cervi$ $Pantotrichum$ $Cornu$ theraphy (PG) and the other group (31 patients) was treated with conservative treatments alone(NPG). To estimate the effects of treatments, visual analog scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI) were checked. Results : 1. In VAS, both of PG and NPG shows statistically significant improvement rate after 3rd treatment and 5th treatment. 2. In ODI, both of PG and NPG shows statistically significant improvement rate after 3rd treatment and 5th treatment. 3. In comparing VAS of PG and NPG, there was more significant improvement in PG than NPG after 3rd treatment and 5th treatment. 4. In comparing ODI of PG and NPG, there was more significant improvement in PG than NPG after 3rd treatment but no significant improvement between PG and NPG after 5th treatment. Conclusions : According to the study, it is thought that mixed pharmacopuncture of $Jungsongouhyul$ and $Cervi$ $Pantotrichum$ $Cornu$ theraphy is effective to low back pain patients, and further study is needed for the confirmation of the effect of mixed pharmacopuncture of $Jungsongouhyul$ and $Cervi$ $Pantotrichum$ $Cornu$.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2020

This study is to study Adler's individual psychology and to study the counseling process and counseling techniques based on the counseling theory derived there. The progress of Adler's consultation process is first, and the relationship formation phase is the phase of seeking equal and mutually cooperative relations working as active partners toward agreed objectives between the counselor and the counsellor. Second, the lifestyle search phase is an important goal to understand lifestyle and how lifestyle affects life's task. Third, the insight phase is the one that has insight. Fourth, it is carried out in the financial direction (transformation of behavior). Adler's counseling techniques include general techniques and special techniques, and general techniques include promptness, advice, encouragement, paradoxical intentions, demonstration of poetry, and role play. Special techniques include pressing a doorbell, spitting on a physician's soup, Midas technique, entertaining others, avoiding low-quality children and self-restraint. In conclusion, individual psychological counseling is based on growth model, not medical model, and has more interest in re-education and re-lighting healthy individuals and societies than on the aspect of treatment. Therefore, it applies to various areas such as child guidance centers, parent-child counseling, marital counseling, family counseling, group counseling and treatment, personal counseling for children and adolescents, cultural conflicts and mental health campaigns.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.65-75
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of indirect moxibustion treatment for HIVD patients. Methods : From March 2010 to December 2010, 32 HIVD patients who admitted to Semyung oriental medical hospital were divided into two groups. Group I was treated by indirect moxibustion and general acupuncture, group II by general acupuncture. We evaluated the treatment effect of each group with the visual analog scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI) by dividing three period(from admission day to third day after admission, from third day to sixth day after admission and from sixth day to ninth day after admission). Results : 1. Group I was more effective than group II in VAS score reducing rate at sixth day after admission and ninth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups at third day after admission 2. Group I was more effective than group II in VAS improvement rate from third day to sixth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups from admission day to third day after admission and sixth day to ninth day after admission. 3. Group I was more effective than group II in ODI score reducing rate at sixth day after admission and ninth day after admission but there was no statistical significance between two groups at third day after admission. 4. In ODI improvement rate group I was higher than group II, but there was no statistical significance. Conclusions : Through this research, Indirect moxibustion treatment is considered to be effective reducing pain for HIVD(Herniated intervertebral disc) patients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.339-346
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• 2006

Background: There has no known epidemiologic survey on the frequency of complementary-alternative medicine (CAM) use in the treatment of adult asthma in Korea. This study examined the current use of CAM by asthma patients in Korea. Methods: One hundred adults with asthma, who had been admitted to Kyunghee university hospital between January 2000 and December 2003, were enrolled in this survey. They received a structured questionnaire interview and a clinical assessment of prevalence and pattern of CAM use. Results: 53% patients had an experience of at least one type of CAM during their asthma management. Users of CAM had more hospital visits than those who had never used CAM($1.46{\pm}0.68$ vs. $2.11{\pm}1.20$, p=0.001). Those in their $50^{th}$ decades had more experience of CAM (80%) than the other age groups. The methods of CAM used by our patients are as follows: Diet/nutritional therapy in 35 patients(69%), herbal therapy in 28 patients(53%), acupuncture in 9 patients(17%), moxa treatment in 6 patients(11%), breathing exercises in 1 patient(2%). Conclusions: More than 50% of patients with bronchial asthma have used CAM. A more detailed and large scaled study will be needed to define the actual status of the use of CAM in the treatment for asthma. Inaddition, further research on the scientific validation of the clinical efficacy of CAM in asthma management should be followed.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.87-95
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• 2012

Objectives : This study was aimed at comparing clinical effectiveness among pharmacopuncture treatment, Chuna treatment, pharmacopuncture-Chuna cooperative treatment for neck pain caused by traffic accidents. Methods : This study was carried out on the 87 patients with neck pain caused by traffic accidents. The patients were divided into 3 groups ; group A was treated with pharmacopuncture. group B was treated with Chuna treatment. group C was treated with pharmacopuncture and Chuna cooperative treatment one at a time. Also all groups were treated with general acupuncture and herb-medicine treatment. We measured visual analog scale(VAS) and neck disability index(NDI) before the treatment and 2, 4 weeks later. Results : In result each group had significant decrease in VAS and NDI after 4 weeks later. group C showed significant difference as compared to group A and B in NDI and VAS scores. In the first period(from pre to 2 weeks treatment) group C showed significant difference as compared to group A and B in VAS scores. Conclusions : According to the results of this study, it was suggested that chuna treatment and pharmacopuncture are effective in reducing neck pain caused by traffic accidents. Pharmacopuncture and Chuna cooperative treatment was more effective in reducing neck pain caused by traffic accidents. Especially in the first period(from pre to 2 weeks treatment) pharmacopuncture-Chuna cooperative treatment was more effective than pharmacopuncture treatment, Chuna treatment for neck pain caused by traffic accidents.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.632-638
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• 1996

A retrospective analysis of primary mediastinal tumors and cysts was performed on 42 patients who underwent surgical resection at our institution from january, 1985 to December, 1995. The patients consisted of 27 males and 15 females. The mean age was 40 years with a range of 10 month to 76 years. The patients were composed of thymlc tumor 12 cases (28.6 %), germ cell tumor 8 cases (19.0 %), primary cyst 7 cases (16.7 %), neurogenic tumor 6 cases (14.3 %) and other miscellanious tumor 9 cases. Overall, 3) (78.6 %) of the tumors were histologically benign, and 9 (21.4 %) were malig- nant. The noted clinical manifestations were respiratory symptoms such as chest pain, dyspnea and coughing. All of the patients with malignancy and 55 oyo of the patients with benign tumor were symptomatic on presentation. All of the patients were operated for tis ue diagnosis and curative resection. All the benign tumors ex- cept two cases of sarcoidosis were performed adequate curative resection. A few patients with malignant unresectable tumors were treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy There were 7 (18 %) postoperative complications without mortality. In conclusion, Mediastinal tumors have long fascinated the thoracic surgeon because of their variety and unpredictability of diagnosis prior to exploration. We consider that active surgery and various combined modality can be accomplished with satisfactory result.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.77-84
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• 2003

Objective : This study was designed to investigate the effect of the Hwangryunhaedock-tang Herbal Acupuncture Therapy on Chronic Conjunctivitis or Xerophthalmia Methods : We injected distillation of the Hwangryunhaedock-tang(0.2cc) on both B-15(Shinsu-心兪), B-18(Kansu-肝兪) of patient and dropped it(0.6cc) in both eyes. We examined therapeutic value of Chronic Conjunctivitis or Xerophthalmia Results & Conclusions : The Hwangryunhaedock-tang Herbal Acupuncture Therapy was effective on reducing the symptoms. But further studies are required to concretely prove the effectiveness of the Hwangryunhaedock-tang Herbal Acupuncture Therapy for treating Chronic Conjunctivitis or Xerophthalmia.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.290-298
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• 2002

3차원적으로 잘 충전된 근관은 치근단 누출과 재감염을 방지하며, 조직이 잘 치유될 수 있는 생물학적 환경을 제공해준다. 이 때문에 근관계의 완전한 충전은 근관치료의 중요한 목표 중의 하나이다. 본 연구의 목적은 4가지 방법으로 근관충전 후 디지털 방사선 사진을 촬영하여 근관충전의 질을 평가하고 투명표본을 제작하여 색소침투범위를 측정함으로써, 근관충전방법에 따른 치근단부 폐쇄능을 비교 평가하고자 하는 것이다. 직선형의 단근관을 갖는 80개의 전치를 선택하여 ProFile$^{\circledR}$ 니켈-티타늄 회전식 기구를 사용하여 근관을 성형한 후 무작위로 20개씩 4군으로 나누었다. 사용된 근관충전법은 다음과 같다：MicroSeal$^{\circledR}$(Group A), Thermafil$^{\circledR}$(Group B), Continuous wave 충전법(Group C), 측방가압충전법(Group D), 각 군에서 10개 치아는 Sealapex를, 나머지 10개 치아는 AH26$^{\circledR}$을 충전용 시멘트로 사용하였다. 근관충전이 끝난 치아는 충전의 질과 길이를 평가하기 위해, 근원심과 협설방향으로 디지털 방사선 사진을 이용하여 촬영하였다. 각 치아의 치근단부 2mm를 제외한 나머지 부위는 두겹의 nail varnish를 바르고, 2% methlylene blue용액에 48시간동안 침잠시켰다. 흐르는 물에 깨끗이 세척한 후, 투명치아를 만들었다. 선상의 색소침투를 관찰하고 치관측 최대깊이를 입체현미경하에서 40배율로 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 충전방법에 따른 근단부 폐쇄효과를 비교시, 실험군 모두 비교적 양호한 근단부 폐쇄효과를 보였고 통계학적으로 유의성이 없었다. 2. 충전용 시멘트에 따른 근단부 폐쇄효과를 비교시, AH26$^{\circledR}$을 사용한 군에서 Sealapex를 사용한 군보다 더 적은 색소침 투를 나타냈다(p<0.05). MicroSeal$^{\circledR}$을 이용한 실험 1군내에서 AH26$^{\circledR}$을 사용하였을 때 미세누출이 더 적었고(p<0.05), 다른 군내에서는 통계학적으로 유의성이 없었다. 3. 근단부 충전상태에 따른 미세누출 비교시, 저충전, 과충전과 색소침투간에는 상관관계가 없었다. 4.충전방법에 따른 근단부 충전상태 평가시, Thermafil$^{\circledR}$을 이용한 실험 2군에서 과충전이 많이 나타났다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과로, 기존의 측방가압법 및 여러 열가소성 충전법이 유사한 근단부 폐쇄효과를 나타낸 바, 방법에 따른 술자의 숙련도, 충전시간, 재근관치료의 편이성 등을 고려하여 근관충전방법을 선택하는 것이 합리적일 것이라고 사료된다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.139-149
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study was to observe the effect of balanced acupuncture on herniated intervertebral disc of lumbar spine patients. Methods : We investigated 23 cases of in-patients with acute & subacute herniated intervertebral disc of lumbar spine in oriental hospital, and divided patients into two groups. We treated one group(12 people) by complex oriental medical treatment with Balanced acupuncture, and the other group(11 people) by complex oriental medical treatment without Balanced acupuncture. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment applied for two groups, we used visual analog scale(VAS) and rating scale for low back pain at admission and discharge. Results : 1. In balanced acupuncture group and control group, compared with baseline and final. VAS was significantly improved. 2. In Balanced acupuncture group and control group, compared with baseline and final. Rating scale for low back pain was significantly improved. 3. VAS and rating scale for low back pain improvement rate in balanced acupuncture group were no statistical significance compared with control group. Conclusions : Balanced acupuncture might be used for relieving symptoms related with herniated intervertebral disc of lumbar spine, but it's no statistical significance.