• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.283-288
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• 1988

However, long-term results of retrospective studies suggest that, for the great majority of individuals, mastectomy or conservative surgery with radiation therapy were be equally effective. The results at 5 and 10 years from prospective randomized trials indicate that survival following primary radiation therapy for early breast cancer is equivalent to that fellowing mastectomy. When competently Performed, Primary radiation therapy gives highly satisfactory cosmetic results and acceptably low rates of local tumor recurrence. A number of controversial issues remain concerning patient evaluation and selection and the optimal techniques of treatment, both surgical and radiotherapeutic. In addition, further work is needed to clearity the best way to integrate primary radiotherapy with adjuvant systemic treatment. And further follow-up of these patients with primary radiation therapy for early beast cancer will be required for ultimate proof of the relative merits. A case which was conservative surgery and radical irradiation of early breast cancer with review of literatures will be done.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2006

Neurofeedback, also known as EEG biofeedback or neurotherapy, is a new therapy differentiated from biofeedback in that brain waves are monitored to study brain itself as well as its functions. Needless to say, it has originated from biofeedback, however it has established itself as an independent and specialized therapy in the field of neurotherapy. In order to have a better understanding of neurofeedback we are going to have a look into its historical and theoretical background first and then we will explain how it can be used clinically. Neurofeedback was clinically introduced for epilepsy for the first time and its effect was proved. Since then it has been used successfully for a number of psychiatric disorders, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD), anxiety, anxiety and mood disorder, sleep disorder, substance dependency, etc. Furthermore, it has been used for non-psychiatric or psychosomatic symptoms, such as headache, chronic pains, chronic fatigue symptoms, etc. Recently, it has been also used for non-medical areas, such as improvement of peak performance for sports and art activities, enhancement of cognitive function, etc, making the neurofeedback a very promising field for its potential and effectiveness.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.353-360
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• 2009

The principles for repair of bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity are 1) symmetry, 2) primary muscular continuity, 3) proper philtral size and shape, 4) formation of the median tubercle and vermilion-cutaneous ridge from lateral labial elements, and 5) primary positioning of the alar cartilages to construct the nasal tip and columella. The authors underscore the essential role of preoperative premaxillary positioning for the synchronous closure of the cleft lip and primary palate, and describe Mulliken's operative technique. We discuss three-dimensional adjustments based on predicted fourth-dimensional changes. In a consecutive series of 50 patients, no revisions were necessary for philtral size or columellar length. Preoperative premaxillary positioning and primary repair of bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity may impair maxillary growth. Nevertheless, a symmetric nasolabial appearance, rather than emphasis on maxillary growth, is the priority for the child with bilateral cleft lip.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.123-132
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• 1997

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the current trends of British Music Therapy and its effectiveness as a therapeutic intervention for the autistic children. This paper consists of two parts；Part one will provide a general picture of music therapy by looking at its fundamental concepts and therories. Part II(two case studies) will illustrate the actual processes of music therapy which can engender a therapeutic relationship between the therapist and the autistic child. Through the first case study of Charlie, a 3 year and 9 month non-verbal autistic boy, we shall see how music therapy facilitates both non-verbal and verbal communication and a form of pretend play. The second case of Mark, a 10 year old autistic boy with complex emotional, behavioural and learning difficulties who had been sexually abused in the past, presents how the therapist’ acceptance of the child’ being and the shared experience of music therapy enable the child to express his difficulties and to develop the awareness of self and others. By exploring both musical and interpersonal aspects of music therapy, this gives an in depth examination of therapeutic processes. In order to clarify clinical procedure, this paper is viewed in musical, developmental and psychodynamic perspectives. To ensure confidentiality, the clients will be referred to by alter-native forenames.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2015

Diastema is thought to be a problem related to aesthetics, pronunciation, or malocclusion. Due to its extent and patient conditions, orthodontic treatment, prosthodontic treatment, and conservative direct resin restoration are the treatment options for diastema closure. Additional factors need to be considered when deciding on the most appropriate treatment of diastema, particularly for patients with cerebral palsy. A 13-year-old girl visited the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Yonsei University Dental Hospital with a chief complaint of the large gap between her upper front teeth. After clinical and radiographic examinations, midline diastema of 4.5 mm, protrusive maxilla incisors, congenital missing teeth, retained primary teeth, etc. were identified. Prosthodontic treatment with intentional root canal treatment was not appropriate because of the patient's age. Dental spaces can be closed effectively via orthodontic appliances. However, additional prosthodontic and restorative intervention is unavoidable, which incurs significant costs and requires more time. Instead of orthodontic and prosthodontic treatment, direct resin restoration can address the chief complaint; these restorations are reversible, less harmful to other oral structure and teeth, relatively easy to apply, less expensive than other treatments, and require shorter office visits. Midline diastema can be treated in several ways. For diastema closure in patients with cerebral palsy, conservative resin restorations are a short, simple, and appropriate treatment compared with orthodontic or prosthodontic treatments.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.231-238
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• 2018

This study is a descriptive research study to analyze knowledge and attitude about CAM and aromatherapy for health department students in H8 university health department students(528 students) in Chungcheongdo-do. The results of this study showed that the treatment methods and therapeutic advantages of CAM showed a positive attitude and the recognition of the therapeutic effect on aromatherapy was somewhat higher. However, the knowledge level of aromatherapy was rather low. The students of the department of health science showed a relatively high awareness of the need for education in CAM, but aromatherapy showed a relatively low perception. Therefore, in order to reduce patient welfare and symptom in health department, it is necessary to develop knowledge training for knowledge application and effective treatment and development of clinical practice program for various treatment methods.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.556-561
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• 2008

Neurofibromatosis is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation of a tumor supressor gene on the long arm of chromosome 17. There are two types of neurofibromatosis, and development of neurofibroma is one of clinical diagnostic criteria for neurofibromatosis. The clinical signs of neurofibromatosis include as skin lesions, bone deformities, and tumors involving central nervous system. About 25% of neurofibromatosis involves oral neurofibroma. Radiographically, oral neurofibroma is well-defined unilocular radiolucency, which involves mandibular canal, mandibular foramen and mental foramen. When a lesion is small and approachable, complete resection, including 1cm of marginal connective tissue, is feasible. However, there are studies reporting that the recurrence rate after surgical resection is high and frequent recurrence may even increase the risk of malignant transformation. This case reports a patient with neurofibromatosis type I, accompanying oral neurofibroma, who shows a favorable result after surgical resection of the oral lesion.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.400-408
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• 1993

During the period from March 1990 to November 1993, 22 children with diplaced supracondylar fracture of humerus were treated by closed reduction and percutaneous K-wire fixation at department of Orthopaedic surgery in Yeungnam University. All fracture were treated with closed reduction under the general anesthesia and percutaneous pinning. After the fracture was internally fixed, intraoperative anteroposterior reontgenograms of each distal humerus were compared. Only anatomical reduction ensured good result, because the main cause of late cubitus varus was medial tilting of distal fragment. We could follow up 10 patients more than one year. By Flynn's criteria, satisfactory result were obtained in 9 of the 10. Unsatisfactory one had a limitation in flexion of elbow joint, but had no problem in cosmetic feature. In short term follow up of 7 patients, 5 patients had a satisfactory result, too. There were no neurovascular complication and hospitalization was shortened to 11.4 days. Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning provided stabillity, vascular safety, simplified management, reduced hospital stay. This is safe and reliable technique for obtaining and maintaining an excellent reduction.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.137-172
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• 2013

Globally, awareness about obesity is increasing rapidly. In Korea, obesity is recognized as a disease and steps are being taken to treat it. From the health governance point of view, such standardized measures amplify the risk of obesity and thus play an important part in the prevention of the disease. In this context, various obesity treatments act as a medium for the problem-solving process. In recent years, obesity surgery has been viewed as a rational solution to the problem of obesity. In the context of standardization of treatment, Callon's "Process of Translation" in STS theories highlights the importance of the central actor (Obligatory Passage Point; OPP). However, in the case of obesity, it is difficult to identify a single OPP to project different perspectives of an actor's needs. "Lapband surgery" often acts as a "boundary object" in this context. This article assesses this absence of central actors in the process of problem solving through a case study of adoption of Lapband surgery in Korea. Further, we attempt to suggest an analytical framework with a boundary object and multiple translation concepts to aid solving the problem of obesity.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2005

엑세나타이드는 2005년 4월에 미국 FDA로부터 허가된 새로운 계열의 당뇨병치료제로서 적응증은 멧포르민이나 설포닐유레아계열의 당뇨병치료제로서 치료를 받고 있음에도 불구하고 혈당이 목표치로 저하되지 않는 제2형 당뇨병환자에게 기존의 치료법에 부가적으로 사용하는 것으로 제한되어 있다. 엑세나타이드는 39개의 아미노산으로 구성되어 있으며 미국 캘리포니아주에 자생하는 도마뱀의 타액에서 유래된 물질과 조성과 기능이 유사하도록 합성된 펩타이드 약물이다. 이 약물은 혈중포도당의 농도에 의존적으로 인슐린분비를 촉진하며, 비정상적으로 높은 혈중 글루카곤농도를 저하시키며, 음식물의 위통과시간을 연장하며, 식욕을 저하시키는 등의 여러 가지 기전을 통하여 혈당을 조절하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 멧포르민으로 1일 1500 mg을 사용하고 있는데도 불구하고 당화혈색소가 7%를 초과하는 제2형 당뇨병환자 336명을 대상으로 부가적으로 30주간 엑세나타이드 $5{\mu}g$또는 $10{\mu}g$을 1일 2회 피하주사 한 임상시험결과에 의하면, 당화혈색소가 7% 미만인 환자의 비율은 intent-to-treat 로서 각각 27%와 40%로 나타났다. 이는 기존의 치료법과 위약으로 치료받은 군에서의 13%에 비하여 통계적으로 매우 유의성 있는 결과인 것으로 분석되었다(p<0.01). 또 다른 임상시험에서는 상기 임상시험과 유사한 임상시험계획을 바탕으로 하여 설포닐유레아로 치료받고 있었지만 당화혈색소가 7%를 초과하는 제2형 당뇨병환자를 대상으로 임상시험을 실시하였으며, 그 결과에 의하면 엑세나타이드와 설포닐유레아의 병용치료 시 혈당조절에 매우 유리한 것으로 나타났다. 멧포르민과 설포닐유레아의 병용요법으로 치료받고 있던 당뇨병환자를 대상으로 실시한 임상시험에서도 동일한 결과가 나타났다. 이 약의 부작용은 치료개시 후 나타나는 메스꺼움이 문제로 지적되었으며 저 혈당현상은 큰 문제가 되지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이 약은 인슐린 대용약물이 될 수 없으며 당뇨병성 케토산증의 치료에 사용할 수 없다. 또한 이 약물은 심한 신부전이 있거나 말기신장질환 환자에게 사용해서는 안 된다.