• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.121-128
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• 2022

This study explored plant-derived natural antioxidants by evaluating the antioxidant activity of Lamiaceae plant seed extracts. Plants with the percentage of filled seeds at or above 90% and seed germination at or above 50% were selected. Of the ten species studied, the total phenolic content of the seeds was high in the species Phlomis umbrosa Turcz. (6.2 mg GAEs/g of seeds) and Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl. (4.5 mg GAEs/g of seeds). The total flavonoid content of the seeds was high in E. ciliata (1.0 mg QEs/g of seeds) and P. umbrosa (0.6 mg QEs/g of seeds). Based on the EC₅₀ value of the seed extracts, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity was high in the seeds of the plants E. ciliata (27.5 ㎍/mL), Mosla dianthera (Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) Maxim. (29.2 ㎍/mL), and Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina Nakai (33.3 ㎍/mL). In addition, 2,2'-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity was high in P. vulgaris var. lilacina (25.6 ㎍/mL), E. ciliata (25.9 ㎍/mL), and M. dianthera (27.6 ㎍/mL) seeds. The ferric reducing antioxidant power of the seed extracts was high in P. vulgaris var. lilacina (2910.4 µM Fe(II)/g of extract), E. ciliata (2836.2 µM Fe(II)/g of extract), and M. dianthera (2754.4 µM Fe(II)/g of extract). According to the cluster analysis based on antioxidant activity, the seeds of the ten species were classified into three groups, from group 1 with low antioxidant activity to group 3 with high antioxidant activity; E. ciliata, M. dianthera, and P. vulgaris var. lilacina were classified as group 3.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.155-174
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the stock market performances CAR of reorganized firms and study the disclosure effect of completion of reorganization to examine whether there exists significant economic merit for the institutionalized continuation of unprofitable firms. The main results of this paper can be summarized as follows. First, the average stock market performances for +12 months after the completion of reorganization compared to those for -6 months before the proposal of reorganization show consistently negative returns. Second, to see whether there exist significant differences between the stock market performances of reorganized firms and those of normal firms with similar characteristics, CAR's measured from -6 months before the proposal of reorganization to +12 months after the completion of reorganization are statistically tested, which results in significantly negative values starting +5 months after the completion of reorganization. Finally, to see the disclosure effect of the news of completion of reorganization, daily CAR's are measured and tested, which shows positive values only for -20 days and -19 days before the disclosure, and shows negative values for the whole periods up to +20 days after the disclosure. The results of the paper imply consistently that the reorganized firms have no better performances compared to the similar normal firms, and the performances do not improve even after the completion of reorganization, which casts serious doubts upon the current forms of the institutionalized continuation of unprofitable firms.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.308-313
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• 2008

This study was carried out to analysis the factor effected by milling rice rate, and to provide the developing rice varieties and cultivation technology. Panicle numbers per spike of Ilpumbyeo and Chucheongbyeo were 105 and 70, respectively. The primary branch panicle rate was Ilpumbyeo 56.2% and Chucheongbyeo 61.4%. The secondary panicle rate of Ilpumbyeo and Chucheongbyeo was 43.3% and 37.9%, respectively. Grain filling rate using specific gravity showed that Ilpumbyeo was the lower filling rate than Chucheongbyeo. Hull weight per one grain was Ilpumbyeo 41.9 mg and Chucheongbyeo 3.92 mg, and hull weight per rough rice 1 kg was Ilpumbyeo 157.36 g and Chucheongbyeo 151.31 g. In milling rate, brown rice ratio by ripening degree of llpumbyeo and Chucheongbyeo with combine harvest was 81.22% and 82.52%. Milled/brown rice ration of llpumbyeo and Chucheongbyeo showed 92.14% and 92.51%. The milling recovery ratio of llpumbyeo was decreased 1.67% then Chucheongbyeo, and the difference was mainly due to the hull weight (0.61%), milled/brown rice ratio (0.37%) and ripening degree (0.69%). Although the varietal differences were found in hull weight and millied/brown rice ratio between llpumbyeo and Chucheongbyeo, the ripening degree was considered as the factor that could be reduced by cultivation technology and post-harvest management.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.575-587
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• 2002

Objective : To investigate the understanding of breast-feeding in pregnant woman and the proper way of encouraging breast-feeding. Methods : Each questionnaire included items about demographic characteristics and the understanding of breast-feeding. The questionnaires were filled up by pregnant women visiting obstetric clinics in Seoul and its vicinities, Busan, Choongjoo and Chungjoo from July 2001 to August 2001. One thousand, two hundred ninety questionnaires were analysed by Chi square tests and multiple logistic regressions. Results : The majority of pregnant women(87.4%) planned breast-feeding. Forty three percent of them had plans to breast-feed for 4-6 months. There were no differences in the level of education, the family size and the source of information about breast-feeding in planning to breast-feed (P>0.05). The main reasons for not choosing to breast-feed were returns to work(41.3%), previous failures of breast-feeding(17.4%), concerns about insufficient amount of breast milk(10.9%), breast and nipple problems(10.3%) and maternal illness(9.4%). The average score on the test of the understanding about breast-feeding was 59.7/100. The average scores on the understanding about the methods and advantages of breast-feeding were 45.3/100 and 86.1/100, respectively. The maternal status of employment, previous history of breast-feeding, the time of decision to breastfeed, person advocating breast-feeding and the understanding on the advantages of breast-feeding were significant determinant factors in planning to breast-feed(P<0.05). Conclusion : Pediatricians should take steps to make an effort to increase the breast-feeding rate and to encourage breast-feeding by timely education. Beyond the medical field, political and social supports for breast-feeding are urgently needed.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.115-125
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• 2015

Objectives: Colorectal cancer is one of the major cancers in South Korea. We described the time trends in colorectal cancer incidence in Daejeon, a metropolitan city, and Chungcheongnam-do (Chungnam), a rural province, South Korea. Methods: Using the databases from the Daejeon Cancer Registry (DCR) and the Chungnam Cancer Registry (CCR), age-standardized (to world standard population) rates for incidence (ASRW) were calculated. Average annual percent change (AAPC) was assessed as a trend indicator. The completeness (such as the mortality/incidence ratio) and validity (such as the death certificate only %, microscopic verification %, primary site uncertain %, and age unknown %) were analyzed to examine the data quality of DCR and CCR. Results: Incidence of colorectal cancer showed increasing trend in both sexes. Over the years 2000-2012 in Daejeon, ASRW was increased significantly from 37.2 to 51.7 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC, 3.9%) among men and from 17.1 to 28.4 (AAPC, 3.9%) among women, respectively. In Chungnam, ASRW was also increased from 29.8 to 50.1 per 100,000 person-years (AAPC, 5.1%) among men and from 15.9 to 26.6 (AAPC, 3.2%) among women, respectively. The AAPC for colon cancer was greater than rectal cancer in both Daejeon and Chungnam. The trend of rectal cancer incidence was differ by sex (AAPC in men vs women, 2.7% vs 1.7% in Daejeon; 3.5% vs 0.8% in Chungnam). Indices of completeness and validity showed that the quality control of DCR and CCR was adequate to describe the trends of ASRW. Conclusions: Both Daejeon and Chungnam have had a rapid increase in colorectal cancer incidence. Monitoring and intervention are required on the risk factors which may contribute to this trend.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.1 s.104
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• pp.61-66
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• 2006

It is reported that the success ratio of software development projects has been only 30%. Many causes lower project's chance of success, particularly lack of systematic project management. Especially, moving on the next phase of project with unsatisfactory outputs can be very problematic because it can cause much waste of resource, time and even lead to the failure of the whole project. Peer review and inspection are some of the practices designed to prevent such waste and possible failure. When defects are identified through such progress, each developer has to work on the product component again and fix the problem. This process is called rework. In this paper, we propose a method for improving quality of reworked product component to prevent excessive cost and time consumed caused by moving on the next phase of a project with a problematic product component. More specifically, this paper suggests a rework indicator that measures the level of rework based on its complexity and severity and is used to choose appropriate checking method on reworked product component. The research also confirmed the method's usefulness and effectiveness by applying the suggested method on four projects.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.225-253
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• 2006

Last 1970's Korea opened the Kyoung-bu highways from Seoul to Pusan, and Korea government had change the transportation policy to focusing on the road and motors. but 1990's Korea had been the heavily traffic jam in long distant transportation system and logistics. That's why Korea government studied on feasibility survey of High-speed train. As the KTX opens, traffic networks covering large areas In Kyeongbu-line (Seoul- Daejeon- Busan) are expected to raise synergy effects in economics as well as in korean culture respects. Having been playing an important transportation role in Korea for the last 106 years. With opening of the high speed railway, KORAIL in inevitable to make a drastic reform. To achieve this purpose, it is necessary that KORAIL has to be small and effective streamlined organization. In should increase traffic capacity by improving infra facilities. It need to also expand its internal functions by connecting the KTX with the conventional railroad system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.477-482
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• 1986

This trial was carried out to set up a proper drum speed of thresher to minimize the mechanical damage from threshing and thereby to obtain rye seeds possessing higher qualities for seeds. Rye plants were harvested at from 40 to 60 days after heading (DAH) with 5 days intervals and spread out on the field for 0, I, 2, 3 days for drying, respectively. After drying the plants were subjected to threshing at seven steps of drum speed from 400 to 1000 rotation per minute (RPM) of a thresher, drum diam. 18.6cm, teeth length 6cm. At 500 to 600 RPM and from the plants harvested at 55DAH with drying for one or two days, the seeds possessed low grain damage, high germinability over 90%, and field emergence rate over 80%.

• Food Industry
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• s.180
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• pp.10-26
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• 2004

제과$\cdot$제빵분야는 대표적인 내수업종이고 보수적 업종성격이 강하다고 볼 수 있다. 연간 성장률이 $30\~40\%$대의 고성장을 구가하던 과거의 좋은 시기도 있었다. 현재 우리가 처한 $\$1$만 소득에서 $\$2$만 소득으로 가는 길목에서 이 분야는 기호식품으로 완전히 변해 있다고 볼 수 있다. 저성장 내지 마이너스 성장도 올 수 있는 시대에 이미 진입했다고 볼 수 있다. 소비자의 기호를 적극적으로 반영치 못한 제품은 시장에서 생존이 어려운 시대를 이미 맞고 있고, 이러한 현상은 차후 더 심하고 세차게 진행되어 질 것이다. 엄밀히 말해 기존의 제품운영계획 그대로 진행하면 그런 기업은 퇴보하게 되어있다고 생각된다. 또 다른 말로 표현하면 이제는 제과$\cdot$제빵 산업은 과감한 변신이 없다면 이미 사양산업화 되어지고 있다고도 볼 수 있다. 과감한 변신은 무엇일까? 소비자 욕구를 정확히 파악하고 이에 부응한 제품운영계획을 충실하게 세워 시행하는 것이다. 세부적으로는, (1) 제품내용물에 좋은 기능성을 도입시키는 것이다. 소위 건강에 좋다는 각종 원료성분들을 사용한 제품을 개발하여서 생산, 판매하는 전략이다. (2) 제품의 포장의 질을 좋게 하고 고급화 시킬 필요가 있다고 본다. BT를 응용한 첨단 포장기술 도입실행이 필요하다. 소비자에게 좋은 이미지를 줄 수 있고, 포장본래의 기능 제품보호가 완벽해야 하고 사용하기에 편리하여야 한다는 것이다. (3) 외국 제품들과의 경쟁은 필수적이다. 가공식품 분야는 이제 거의 $100\%$ 시장이 개방된 상태를 맞고 있다. 외국의 고기능성 내지 고급화제품들과의 경쟁은 피할수 없는 현실을 맞고 있다. 외국시장의 정보를 면밀히 분석하고 이에 대한 대응전략은 물론 더 나아가서 외국제품을 능가 할 경쟁력있는 제품개발이 필요하다고 판단된다. R&D 분야에 투자를 필연적으로 늘여야만 한다. 국내 식품사들의 Ramp;D 투자금액이 구미선진국이 1/10이하 수준에 머물고 있는 것이 오늘날 우리들의 실정이기 때문이다. 일본 등과 FTA 협정쳬결 논의가 국가적과제로 추진되고 있는 현재의 상황에서 이에 대한 우리업계의 대응전략을 지금부터 착수하여야 할 때라고 판단된다. 기본부터 철저히 우리의 장점을 살린 실질적 대응책 마련에 많은 지혜를 발휘할 때 우리 식품산업이 대내외적으로 경쟁력을 가질수 있다고 예상된다. 이러한 상황을 미루어 볼때에 고부가가치 제품을 창출 할 수 있는 여러가지 방안을 기업과 학계 그리고 정부가 종합적으로 강구하여야 할 때인 것이다. 필자는 이에 관한 몇 가지 방안들을 제안하였다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.31-43
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• 2013

Although the vector map data possesses much higher values than other types of multimedia, the data copyright and the protection against illegal duplication are still far away from the attention. This paper proposes a novel watermarking technique which is both robust to diverse attacks and optimized to a vector map structure. Six approaches are proposed for the design of the watermarking algorithm: point-based approach, building a minimum perimeter triangle, watermark embedding in the length ratio, referencing to the pixel position of the watermark image, grouping, and using the one-way function. Our method preserves the characteristics of watermarking such as embedding effectiveness, fidelity, and false positive rate, while maintaining robustness to all types of attack except a noise attack. Furthermore, our method is a blind scheme in which robustness is independent of the map data. Finally, our method provides a solution to the challenging issue of degraded robustness under severe simplification attacks.