• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2012

We have isolated an anti-complementary polysaccharide from the hot water extracts of Phellinus linteus mycelia. Anti-complementary polysaccharide, PL-5-IIIa, was purified by ultrafiltration, gel permeation chromatography using Sepharose CL-4B. GPC (Sepharose CL-4B) and its homogenicity was demonstrated by HPLC. Using gel permeation chromatography with standard dextrans, its molecular weight was determined as about 800,000 dalton. The purified PL-5-IIIa was identified as a protein bound polysaccharide comprising of 29.6% protein and 64.2% carbohydrate which was composed of fucose(15.8%), galactose(43.1%) and mannose(40.6%).

• Resources Recycling
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.60-67
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• 2016

This study was conducted to establish the adsorption-desorption mechanism and the optimum condition of chromatographic operation for separations of heavy rare earth elements (Gd, Tb, Dy) using a p507-containing resin. By employing Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm together with pseudo first and second order kinetics, absorption-desorption reaction mechanism was investigated. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm was applied under assumption that adsorption reaction occurs in form of monolayer, and because the result was identical to the assumption, now we know adsorption of heavy rare earth elements occurs in form of monolayer. Concerning the pseudo first and second order kinetic, the pseudo second order seemed to be more suitable to represent heavy rare earth element adsorption mechanism. By using the extraction chromatography to separate heavy rare earth elements, ${\alpha}^{Tb}_{Gd}=1.24$, and ${\alpha}^{Dy}_{Tb}=1.03$ were confirmed in eluent HCl 0.25 M which indicates almost perfect separations of three elements. Furthermore, as concentrations of eluent became higher, the resolution value decreased and the elution area got shortened.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.135-142
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• 1990

The quality improvement of antigen (crude saline extract) of Spirometra maptscni 1)lerocercoid (sparganum) was investigated by protein purificatioll. The crude extract was fractionated by gel filtration through Sephacryl S-300 Superfine. Its third fraction was purified by affinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody as ligand. When observed by SDS-PAGE, the purified protein was composed of 2 bands of 36 kDa and 29 kDa which were found already as the most sensitive components in the crude extract by immunoblots with patients sera. The quality of the purified antigen was evaluated in comparison with the crude extract by ensyme-linked imnunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the specific (IgG) antibody in sera of human sparganosis, other parasitic and neurologic diseases, and normal control. When the purified antigen was used: the sensitivity was not altered but remained high (96.4%) while the specificity was increased from 86.8% to 96.9%.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2012

Cultural heritages emit volatile organic compounds(VOCs) during degradation as chemical, biological factors. These VOCs in the atmosphere are degradation factors for another materials. But non-destructive organic analysis methods are uncommon, and have difficulties for field application. In this study, solid phase micro-extraction(SPME) and gas chromatography( GC) are carried out for analysis of VOCs which are emitted from leather, and prove SPME field holder's efficiency. I analize leather archival objects at The National Archives of Korea by cross-checking GC and SPME methods. It could be confirmed that the compounds are (E)-2-nonenal, butyl hydroxy toluene emitted itself from leather.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.179-179
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• 1994

새로운 항생물질을 개발하기 위하여 토양으로부터 분리한 균주를 액체 및 고체배지에서 배양하여 여러 검정균에 대하여 종이디스크법으로 항균효력을 조사하였다. 그 결과 (+), G(-), fungi 등에 강한 항균 효력을 보인 토양균 SNUS 8810-43과 Mycobacterium, fungi에 항균력을 보인 토양균 SNUS 8810-129를 선택하여 각각의 배양액에서 항생물질을 분리하고, 분리한 항생물질의 구조를 규명하고자 하였다. 토양균 SNUS 8810-43의 배양액으로부터 항생물질을 분리하기 위하여 양이온 교환 수지 관 크로마토그래피와 셀룰로오스 관 크로마토그래피를 수행하여 시료 JJH-II-46-43을 얻었다. 시료 JJH-II-46-43의 IR, $^1$H-NMR, $^{13}$C-NMR, $^1$H-$^1$H COSY, $^1$H-$^{13}$C COSY, FAB-MS 스펙트럼을 얻어 분리한 항생물질의 구조를 분석하여 이 항생물질의 구조가 N-methylstreptothricin과 동일하다는 것을 확인하였다. Mycobacterium smegmatis에 강한 활성을 나타내는 물질을 토양균 SNUS 8810-129로 부터 분리하였다. 토양균 SNUS 8810-129를 배양한 V-8 아가판을 메탄올로 추출하여 이를 실리카겔 관 크로마토그래피와 preparative TLC로 시료 LCH-IV-17B, LCH-III-387을 얻었다. 시료LCH-IV-l7B, LCH-III-387의 $^1$H-NMR, $^{13}$C-NMR, FAB-MS, CI-MS, IR등의 스펙트럼을 얻어 분리한 항생물질의 구조를 분석하여 이 항생물질이 glycolipid계 항생물질이라는 것을 알았다. $^{13}$C-NMR 상의 자료와 화학적인 방법으로 구성당을 조사한 결과 이 항생물질을 이루고있는 당은 rhamnose 임을 알았다. 또 이 항생물질을 구성하는 지방산은 화학적인 방법과 MS 스펙트럼, $^{13}$C-NMR 스펙트럼으로부터 hydroxydecanoic acid인 것으로 확인되었다. 항생물질 LCH-III-387와 항생물질 LCH-IV-l7B는 각각 rhamnose를 1, 2개 포함하고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 동일한 탄소수의 지방산을 가지고 있는 것으로 생각되었다. 이들 항생물질을 이루는 구성당과 지방산간의 정확한 연결및 구조, 생리활성에 관한 연구는 계속 수행중에 있다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.217-221
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• 1999

We have isolated an antithrombin active polysaccharide in red ginseng by procedures comprising three major steps involving alkaline extraction, anion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. Active polysaccharide behaved as a single band on cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis. The average molecular mass was estimated to be about 177 kDa by gel filtration. This polysaccharide was found to be an acidic heteropolysaccharide that contains uronic acid moiety $(40.2\%)$, sulfate group $(9.2\%)$ and protein $(1.5\%)$ in addition to neutral sugar consisted of rhamnose, mannose, galactose, arabinose, glucose, fucose and xylose in a molar ratio of 1.00 : 0.88 : 0.86 : 0.78: 0.70 : 0.33 : 0.22. This polysaccharide inhibited blood coagulation via the intrinsic pathway like heparin in a dose-dependent manner. The clotting of fibrinogen by thrombin was also mitigated by the presence of this polysaccharide.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.484-493
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• 2000

The simultaneous analysis of alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A in biota samples was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-selected ion monitoring mode. The phenols were extracted from sample with organic solvent and Forisil and Silica columns for clean-up procedure were compared. Recovery studies were performed at 1-ppm level of phenols added to each biota sample. Their recoveries ranged between 83 and 116% with coefficient of variations of 2.4-11.9%. To improve the detection limits of phenols, trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization was applied. The gas chromatographic properties of free phenols and TMS derivatized phenols were also investigated.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 1999

Studies were carried out to elucidate the effects of pressure, temperature and mobile phase composition on supercritical $CO_2$ chromatographic separations of paclitaxel, baccatin III, 10-deacetyl baccatin III, 7-epi-10-deacetyltaxol, cephalomanine, and 10-deacetyltaxol. High resolutions of paclitaxel, 10-deacetylbaccatin III, 10-deacetyltaxol were observed with optimized pressure, temperature, and mobile phase composition. The highest resolution between paclitaxel and 10-deacetylbaccain III was observed at 275 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$, $40^{\circ}C$ with the mobile phase composition of gradient mixture of 3.9-3.6 mL/min $CO_2$, 0.1-0.4 mL/min methanol for 20 min. Resolutions of baccatin III, capalomannine, and 7-epi-10-deacetyltaxol were found to be low in this study. On-line coupled SFE/SFC process was applied to isolate paclitaxel from yew tree powder. As a consequence, paclitaxel with a purity of 95% was obtained with a recovery yield of 38%.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.273-288
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• 1991

To elucidate the physiological and biochemical differences between chondrichthyes and osteichthyes, the properties of the specific digestive enzymes in cat-shark, Cephaloscyllium umbratile, and mackerel, Scomber japonicus, were studied. Homogenous trypsin proved through the disc-electrophoresis, SDS-PAG electrophoresis and gel filtration was obtained from the pancreas of cat-shark by $50-70\%$ saturated ammonium sulphate fractionation, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography, benzamidine-Sepharose 6B affinity chromatography and Sephadex G-75-120 gel filtration. Two types of trypsins were also obtained from the pyloric caeca of mackerel by $30-70\%$ saturated ammonium sulphate fractionation and the slightly modified procedure from the method adopted in the purification of cat-shark trypsin. The two trypsins, designated trypsin A and B, were proved their homogeneity by disc- and SDS-PAG electrophoresis and gel filtration. The molecular weights of the trypsins were estimated to be 31,700 for cat-shark trypsin, 30,000 for mackerel trypsin A and 29,000 for mackerel trypsin B by SDS-PAG electrophoresis, but those were estimated to be 21,500 for cat-shark trypsin, 23,700 for mackerel trypsin A and 21,500 for mackerel trypsin B by gel filtration. The trypsins exhibited their optimum conditions at pH 9.0 and on temperature ranged from $45^{\circ}C\;to\;50^{\circ}C$ for cat-shark, and at pH 8.0 and a temperature of $50^{\circ}C$ for mackerel trypsin A and B, respectively. The cat-shark trypsin was stable at pH 10.0 and the temperature below $10^{\circ}C$, whereas the mackerel trypsin A and B, were stable in the range over pH 7.0 to pH 9.0 below $10^{\circ}C$ and at pH 8.0 below $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. The mackerel trypsins were severely inhibited by some heavy metal ions such as $Ag^{2+},\;Cu^{2+}\;and\;Hg^{2+}$ compared to cat-shark trypsin. All of the enzymes were also inhibited by antipain, leupeptin, TLCK(tosyllysine chloromethyl ketone) and SBTI(soybean trypsin inhibitor) remarkably. The inhibitory effects of PMSF(phenylmethane sulphonylfluoride), DFP(diisopropyl fluorophosphate) and benzamidine were indicated that these enzymes belong to serine-proteases.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Anion exchange chromatography and HDEHP extraction chromatography using DTPA-lactic acid as an eluent were applied in series for the separation of $^{241}$Am and $^{244}$Cm in radwaste samples. The separated elements were determined by electrodeposition at the sodium hydrogen sulfate-sodium sulfate buffer solution followed by alpha-spectrometry. The recovery yields of $^{241}$Am and $^{244}$Cm were 85.2$\pm$$15.3\%$, respectively, from the synthetic solution of spent nuclear fuel sample. The amounts of 241Am and 2440m determined in radwaste sample solutions of condensate bottoms were at the range of 1.5-1.9 Bq/g and -1.7 Bq/g, respectively.