• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 2014

This study measured formant bandwidths of profound hearing impaired children and examined the characteristics of their articulation. For this study, 10 cochlear implanted children(CI), 10 hearing aid children(HA) and 10 normal hearing children(NH) were asked to read 7 Korean vowels(/ɑ, ʌ, o, u, ɯ, i, ɛ/). The subjects' readings were recorded by NasalView and analyzed by Praat. The analysis of the formant bandwidths explains the degree of vocal fold opening and the characteristics of radiation. Through the analysis of formant bandwidth, we can see that the hearing-impaired maintain vocal fold tension when they speak high vowels and characteristics of radiation. Narrower B1 means better maintain vocal fold tension, wider B2 means more front and wider B3 means the rounder lips. CI's B1 was widest and NH's was narrowest. And females' B1 was wider than males'. Among vowels, B1 of /a/ was widest, and B1 of /i/ was narrowest. In the case of B2, HA and NH's B2 was wider than CI's. Females' B2 was wider than males'. And B2 of /i/ was widest, and B2 of /ʌ/ was narrowest. In the case of B3, NH's was widest, and CI's was narrowest. Males' was wider than females'. Among vowels, B3 of /o/ was widest, and B3 of /ɛ/ was narrowest. As a result, first, through the analysis of B1, we can find that NH and males could better maintain vocal fold tension than the hearing-impaired or females, and all children articulate /i/ with vocal fold tension than other vowels. Second, through the analysis of B2, NH and HA articulate vowels with the weaker rounded than CI does. And females articulate vowels with the weaker rounded than males do. Third, through the analysis of B3, NH articulate vowels with the rounder than HA or CI do, and males articulate vowels with the rounder than females do. Through the results, we can expect that the analysis of formant bandwidth will be applied to the therapy of articulation for the hearing-impaired with hearing aids or cochlear implant.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1867-1872
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• 2016

In the area of digital signal processing, it is necessary to improve the quality of the speech signal after removing the background noise which exists in a various real environments. The important thing to consider when removing the background noise acoustically is that to solve the problem, depending on the information of the human auditory mechanism is mainly the amplitude spectrum of the speech signal. This paper introduces the characteristics of a frequency-weighted spectrum shaping filter for the extraction of the amplitude spectrum of the speech signal with the primary purpose. Therefore, this paper proposes an algorithm using the methods of a Wiener filter and the frequency-weighted spectrum shaping filter according to the acoustic model, after extracted the amplitude spectral information in the noisy speech signal. The spectral distortion (SD) output of the proposed algorithm is experimentally improved more than 5.28 dB compared to a conventional method.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.141-148
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• 2004

This paper proposed a new time adapted threshold using the standard deviations of Wavelet coefficients after Wavelet transform by frame scale. The time adapted threshold is set up using the sum of standard deviations of Wavelet coefficient in cA3 and weighted cDl. cA3 coefficients represent the voiced sound with low frequency and cDl coefficients represent the unvoiced sound with high frequency. From simulation results, it is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm improves SNR and MSE performance more than Wavelet transform and Wavelet packet transform does. Moreover, the reconstructed signals by the proposed algorithm resemble the original signal in terms of plosive sound, fricative sound and affricate sound but Wavelet transform and Wavelet packet transform reduce those sounds seriously.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2007

If an error occurs in a product that contains a source of vibration, an abnormal noise vibration will occur. Recently a system that has been modified from the previous method of noise detection-a method of appraising the quality of manufactured automobile part by using human ears-is being implemented in the industries of automobile parts. This new system distinguishes the product's vibration signals by measuring and analyzing the signals. Following the recent trend, it has been concluded that the appraisal process of Window Regulator Module needed an improvement. Thus, a vibration monitoring system using LabVIEW, which measures and analyzes vibration signals from a sector gear's connected part by using an accelerometer, has been developed. By analyzing the characteristics of vibration signals of both inferior and superior goods, now the quality of the product can be evaluated much more accurately.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.7-14
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• 2003

MPEG-1 audio standard is the algorithm for the compression of high-qualify digital audio signals. The standard dictates the functions of encoder and decoder pair, and includes three different layers as the complexity and the performance of the encoder and decoder. In this paper, we implemented the real-time system of MPEG-1 audio layer III decoder(MP3) with the TMS320C541 fixed point DSP chip. MP3 algorithm uses psycho-acoustic characteristic of human hearing system, and it reduces the amount of data with eliminating the signals hard to be heard to the hearing system of human being. It is difficult to implement MP3 decoder with fixed Point DSP because of it's broad dynamic range. We implemented realtime system with fixed DSP chip by using weighted look-up tables to reduce the amount of calculation and solve the problem of broad dynamic range.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

A semiotic approach to modem visual arts has emerged since French post-structuralism was introduced to Anglo -American academics by "deconstruction" or "postmodemi sm." It views a work of art as a sign, which is its math odical assumption and, at the same time, makes its appli cation more accessible. In the milieu of modem visual arts' effort to be intimate with general audience, modem art photography is now fared with the request to be a familar and universal domain, instead of being left only in photo books as artistic and academic achievements. More specifically, various photo images puter graphics to such megaexhibitions as "Gwangju Biennale,. "Media City Seo ul," and "Pusan International Art Festival," are main objects of study. A coherent and scientific analysis of visual semitotics is still on the way, however, it is an urgent task how to read and interpret a photo image with multiple meanings. This study argues that visual seniotics can be a powerful tool to enhance the understanding of art photography. After all, seniotics is a product of age； we live in the age of legibility, that is, of reading the work of art well as the social events and phenomena. art well as the social events and phenomena.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.146-156
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• 2019

New media art moves out of place and time constraints, sublimates the benefits of technology into art, and presents a new way of communication with the audience. This paper analyses the tendency of nonverbal communication methods by analysing examples of facial expressions and sound used in new media art from early times. As a result, it can be seen that the digital paradigm in the new media art has a nonlinear thinking, which makes a perceptual reduction of immersion and dispersion. The facial expression in new media art made it possible not only to overcome the limit of space and time of various expressions through 'visual distortions, enlargement, and virtualisation', but also to enable new ways of communication to display facial parts combined or separated in the digital environment. The sound in new media art does not stay in auditory sense, but pursues multi-sensory and synesthesia by cooperating with visual and tactile, evolves by revealing characteristics of space expansion and sensibility and interaction of audience.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.224-231
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• 2019

This study investigated the physicochemical, microbiological, antioxidant, and sensory characteristics of Makgeolli supplemented with 10, 20, and 30% Codium fragile (Cf) during an 8-day fermentation period. The pH and acidity on day 0 were lower in Makgeolli supplemented with Cf (pH 3.55-3.65, acidity 0.26-0.29%) than in the unsupplemented Makgeolli (control) (pH 3.72, acidity 0.23%). The pH and acidity of Cf Makgeolli on day 8 were 3.08-3.12 and 0.67-0.75%, respectively. The sugar content increased steadily until day 4 (8.1-8.5 Brix) and then decreased steadily (6.5-6.8 Brix). The alcohol content increased steadily until day 8 (13.2-14.3%). The pH decreased, acidity increased, and alcohol content increased significantly (all P<0.05), with stepwise increases in fermentation time and Cf concentrations. The lactic acid bacteria counts were 9.28-9.37 log versus 8.18 log in the control. The DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical scavenging activities were higher in Cf Makgeolli (DPPH 74.63-84.64%, ABTS 51.01-64.79%) than in the control (DPPH 30.97%, ABTS 21.21%). Makgeolli supplemented with 10 and 20% Cf had the highest taste, smell, and overall acceptance scores. This study suggests that Makgeolli supplemented with 10 and 20% Cf could be developed due to its good physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, including high antioxidant properties and good consumer acceptance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.198-206
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• 2011

Poems written on the tablets hanging in Kwanghanru(a pavilion in Namwon, Jeollabuk-do) reveal each author's view of landscape and their recognition of the pavilion and it surroundings. This study consists of the following four analysis frames of the characteristics, sensations, and temporal and spatial axes of the landscape elements grouping tablet poems into two categories of deunglusi of Joseon's literary men, and baegiljangsi and cheongtaksi of the 1930s. The result of the landscape element analysis shows that physical elements are shown more frequently than symbolic ones. Among the physical ones, natural elements are used more often than artificial ones. The landscape elements appearing in each individual poem of baegiljangsi and cheongtaksi are relatively more than those of deunglusi. When the landscape elements are analyzed by sensational aspect, most of them are visual in nature, and there also appear some that are aural or olfactory in nature. Analyzed from a temporal axis, expressions related to autumn and evening and night are used frequently. From the spatial axis, foreground elements are preferred to middleground or background ones.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.816-822
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• 2020

This study investigated the antioxidant activity and general and sensory properties of soybean curd supplemented with Codium fragile. The yield of soybean curd containing 0%, 20%, and 40% C. fragile was 113.62, 104.09, and 108.06, respectively. Antioxidant activities and pH were significantly increased (P<0.05) depending on the amount of C. fragile supplemented in soybean curd. Compared to that in additive-free soybean curd (control), the amount of crude ash and protein in soybean curd containing 40% C. fragile was significantly decreased (P<0.05) and increased (P<0.05), respectively. We observed a dose-dependent increase (P<0.05) in the hardness and chewiness of soybean curd concomitant with the amount of C. fragile supplemented. In contrast, we observed no significant difference (P>0.05) in soybean curd's cohesiveness between the groups. As determined by sensory evaluation based on seven-point hedonic scale, soybean curd supplemented with 20% C. fragile received an excellent score (6.55) for color. As the same method, we observed that the flavor and overall acceptability significantly increased (P<0.05) in the C. fragile content increased. Taken together, the antioxidant and sensory assays in our study make a compelling case for the practical development of soybean curd supplemented with C. fragile owing to its good antioxidant activities, general properties, and consumer acceptance.