• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.97-119
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to clarify the elements of the function of the role of industrial high schools that its experts perceived. The content of this research is verify the function element required for the performance of the role of specialized education through content validity ratio(CVR). This research adopted the method of literature research and Delphi method, which is to collect and come to an agreement of the opinions of the 26 research panels. The first round is constructed by the semi-constructed questionnaire for the analysis of the opinions of the panels by inductive method. The second round is to categorize the result of the first one into 7 domains, and asked each category by Likert's 5 scale checklists, and statistically analyzed mean, medium, standard deviation, and quartile. The third round is to statistically analyze Mean, standard deviation, medium, and validity ratio(CVR) to reassure the opinions of the panels on the basis of the result of the first one. The categorized contents of the function required for the performance of the specialized education in this research is 'in-service visit and in-service training', 'licence acquiring education', 'employment counseling and job employment information', 'custom-made education connected with industry', 'career education' and 'enhancement of basic career competency'. The panels are divided into professors, teachers, professionals, and policy administrators, and they verified the validity rate of the function role and priority of emphasis. The result showed that the tendency of the education is converting from physical function-centered education to education of emotional attitude and competence of thought.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.119-133
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• 2024

As a result of significant investments by the government in promoting public technology commercialization and fostering a venture startup ecosystem, there have been quantitative achievements, such as the registration of over 1,600 Innopolis Start-ups since 2006, generating a total revenue of 1.1 trillion won as of 2021. However, these achievements have been overshadowed by critical qualitative challenges, including a continuous decline in average revenue per Innopolis Start-up. This led to a focus on whether managers' technological and market orientations affect business performance. This study aims to provide insights into improving the qualitative growth of Innopolis Start-ups by analyzing the effects of technological and market orientations on business performance, as well as the moderating effects of adjusting marketing and research and development (R&D) costs on this relationship. Through prior research and empirical analysis, this study derives three main findings. First, technological excellence and innovation significantly influence the business performance of Innopolis Start-ups, while technological intensity does not. Second, customer orientation and competitive orientation significantly impact business performance, whereas entry barriers as a single factor do not. Third, adjusting marketing and R&D costs, as controlled variables obtained through general situations, has no direct impact on other variables. However, it interacts with entry barriers, influencing financial business performance, with R&D costs exhibiting a negative buffering effect and marketing costs showing a positive enhancing effect. This study confirms that both technological and market orientations directly influence the business performance of Innopolis Start-ups, thus being crucial factors affecting their growth. Moreover, it establishes that investments in marketing and R&D play significant roles in alleviating initial entry barriers and enhancing financial performance. Consequently, it underscores the importance of reinforcing technological and market orientations tailored to the characteristics of Innopolis Start-ups. Additionally, it proposes five theoretical contributions: strengthening institutional support systems for technology commercialization and innovation, improving qualitative evaluation criteria during the selection process of Innopolis Start-ups, conducting comprehensive analyses of technological and market aspects during startup selection, enhancing support for marketing education and consulting for smooth market entry, and supporting expenditure strategies and milestone setting tailored to the industrial characteristics of individual Innopolis Start-ups.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.103-133
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether customer satisfaction is affected by the expenditure for the customer satisfaction such as advertising, promotion, and training. This study also investigate whether the financial performance of the firm is affected by the customer satisfaction. The major findings are summarized as following. First, the customer satisfaction is affected by the expenditure for the customer satisfaction such as promotion, training. But customer satisfaction is not affected by advertising cost. Second, considering the time-lag and incremental valiables, the relationship between customer satisfaction and expenditure for the customer satisfaction is not founded. Third, the customer satisfaction affects positively on the corporate financial performance, such as ratio of operating income to sales, ratio of net income to sales, return on total assets, and return on equity. Finally, considering the time-lag the relationship between customer satisfaction and financial performance is not founded. Considering the incremental valiables, the relationship between customer satisfaction and financial performance is founded when ratio of operating income to sales and return on total assets are used financial performance. These findings imply that the expenditure for promotiom and training is needed to increase the customer satisfaction. Also improvement customer satisfaction is needed to increase the financial performance. The limitations of this study are as following. First, this study could not consider the other variables that would affect on the relationship among expenditure for customer satisfaction, level of customer satisfaction, and financial performance. Second, the results of this study are difficult to generalize because this study is focused on the service industry.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-30
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• 2003

The recent experience about self-employment shows three main trends: first, its share out of the total workers has steadily increased, recording 37.6% in 2001, implying its prevalence and importance; second, its share out of male workers has caught up female workers', implying its importance to males as well as females; and finally, during the recent Economic Crisis when there was mass layoff and large scale bankruptcy, its share rapidly increased, reflecting its role of a buffer to economic fluctuation. However, there have been few studies on self-employment, mainly focusing on what makes someone choose it as an alternative to being employed. This study analyzes the determinants of the duration to terminate self-employment, by applying the proportional hazard model to the Korea Labor and Income Panel Survey(KLIPS) by the Korea Labor Institute. The KLIPS started the first wave in 1998 with the 5,000 household sample (and about 12,000 individual sample of household members aged 15 and more). In this study, the first four waves are used for analysis. The average duration of 5,357 spells of self-employment is 130 months. It shows slight difference between males(124 months) and females(138 months) while it widely ranges over industries (296 months for agriculture industry while 50 months for restaurant and hotel industry). Estimates of the proportional hazard model of the self-employment duration show that females are more likely to terminate self-employment while it is not statistically significant. The effect of age at starting self-employment on the hazard shows the inverse V-shape, which implies that, until a certain age(47 years), the hazard become higher as aging while, since then, it become lower as aging. The level of education has a positive effect on the hazard, implying that more education is related to the higher probability to be employed. The measures of economic performances, annual sales and earnings, are positively related to continuing self-employment while hardship at the start of self-employment measured by several ways has a negative effect. Training before opening business has a positive effect on keeping on self-employment and its effects are different over its providers, significantly positive for public providers while insignificant for private providers. More and further research on self-employment is urgent in the rapidly ageing society. To help workers to be self-employed, more public assistance is necessary for education, training, financing, marketing, management, and human resource management in order to make the olders consider self-employment as a good alternative rather than an inevitable one.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.117-132
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• 2022

Human Human species run into a blind alley due to abnormal weather and climates everywhere in global village. Human beings are helpless against the nature and might begin to learn humbleness just now. However, humans cannot attribute current abnormal weather and climates to only natural phenomenon because we have never been affectionate to global environments sufficiently up to now that results in running into this blind alley. At this point, the only thing that humans can do is to love and care for the earth more. ESG is an emerging topic to cope with this issue and practice of ESG will be the pending mission for the next generation. In this research, 'active participatory learning program for ESG practice' is designed by 'connecting ESG with Entrepreneurship' through over 20 years of experienced current teachers in elementary and junior·senior high school, professors in university and field experts in education. Analysis of learning effectiveness before and after the implementation of education program showed meaningful result in elementary and junior·senior high school. Thus, I would like to suggest a proposal based on concerns about 'What should we do to overcome the global crisis?" by paying attention to ESG from elementary school.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.53-76
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• 2014

Combining makerspaces and library services is an innovative idea that could positively and radically change the library user experience. The Library Makerspace is able to offer users a different view of the world, and give them the opportunity to explore and imagine new possibilities which they can then create. Therefore, this study focused on analyzing real-world makerspace examples to create suggests for utilizing this trend. The roles and concepts of library makerspaces derived through this research are as follows: space for infinite creativity as social communication space, study areas, job searches, self-publishing, idea incubation, collaboration, equipment and utilization, storytelling, expert mentoring and consulting, and so on. The possibilities are endless, and allow for the development and expansion of the library.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.125-135
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• 2016

It is well known that the encouraging startups play a major role for innovation in an economy. Thus, venture capital are indispensable for the growth of startups. The literature on investment performance of venture capital reveals that the investment strategies depend largely on the characteristics and capabilities of venture capital. Therefore, investment capability of venture capital is important. There are various investing roles that can be identified by venture capital when determining what kind of startup to invest in, whom to invest with, how to invest, how to post-investment management after investment, and so on. This research was conducted to understand the effect of investment capabilities of venture capital on investment performance. To do so, we surveyed 70 venture businesses in the Seoul and Gyeonggido region for an empirical analysis. The empirical results of this paper are summarized as follows. First, the financial performance of venture firms is influenced by the financial capacity of venture capitalists, and investment evaluation of venture capital. Second, the business performance of venture firms is influenced by the marketing support consulting of venture capital, and investment evaluation of venture capital.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.167-180
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• 2003

The objective of this research is to acquire basic data to develop a program for professional consultants who can consult and provide advice for rural women's small business entrepreneur. In this research, startup business educational programs and 10 major related textbooks in Korea were analyzed, and a survey was conducted in which 71 owners of government funded rural small business responded. The major findings are as follows; First, most programs were targeting city females and were providing basic information mostly using lecture method over a few days. And no programs for rural women's small business could be found. Second, no textbooks dealing with rural women's small business could be found and the contents of each textbook differed significantly even though there were a few common points. Third, the result of the survey indicated that rural women's small business entrepreneurs had difficulty especially in acquiring necessary initial funds and raw materials, selling products, and judging the possibility of business success. And, there was significant difference in importance and perceived knowledge over 36 business know-hows in business startup area among the respondents. Based on the results, the followings could be recommended; First, educational programs for rural women's small business entrepreneurs should use a unique and different approach than other industries. Also, it is necessary to foster startup consultants especially for the rural women's small business entrepreneurs and to develop a delivery system for the startup educational programs. Second, contents of educational programs need to be selectively included depending on the level of uses. Finally, a workbook should be developed so that entrepreneur candidates can actually practice rather than just acquiring basic information and superficial knowledge during the participation.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.45-56
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the number of investors influencing the achievement rate of domestic securities type crowdfunding, to find out why the general investors need to participate and to suggest measures to increase the participation of general investors. The results of this study are as follows. First, the effect of the recruitment amount, the target amount, the recruitment period and the business training is confirmed as factors affecting the achievement rate of domestic securities type crowdfunding. And it was confirmed that the influence factors on achievement rate could have a greater effect as the number of general investors increased. Therefore, the government should make more effort to relax regulations on general investors, and the investor of capital should strengthen the public disclosure of KSM through the KSM market in order to recover the funds of general investors, Crowd funding will be able to attract enough funds.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.124-132
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• 2023

In order to support start-ups effectively with limited resources, it is necessary to provide support tailored to start-up companies. Businesses that are operating in local incubation centers may have different demands for the support depending on the region characteristics. This study was worked on companies that have entered into the incubation center 'Youth Cube', which is operated by Ansan City. We investigated the perception of importance in the field of support to identify support policy priorities, and the satisfaction level of each field of support currently supported. Then We conducted an IPA analysis to derive the direction of support. The Ansan area has regional characteristics that it is located in the metropolitan area with well-equipped start-up infrastructure and many innovative institutions, As a result of the importance survey, technology commercialization was recognized as the most important, and education/mentoring was recognized as the least important. Satisfaction with the space and facilities that can be used free of charge was the highest, and the satisfaction was the lowest for entrepreneurship education/mentoring, as was the degree of importance. In addition, according to each quadrant, we derived support that should be maintained, support that should be intensively improved, support that should be given a low policy priority, and support directions that should be kept in mind to avoid excessive support.