• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.567-575
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• 1999

This study found potential ability to generate electric power using difference in water temperature between sea surface water and deep water in the East Sea which includes the East Sea Proper Water with the temperature less than 1$^{\circ}C$ throughout a year without seasonal variation. To quantify the difference in water temperature between sea surface water and deep water in the East Sea. We computed the annual mean ($^{\circ}C$), the annual amplitude ($^{\circ}C$), the annual phase (degree) and the duration time which showed more than 15$^{\circ}C$ temperature difference from the water temperature data using Harmonic analysis during 1961~1997. The best place for generating electric power in the East Sea seems to be the eastward ocean areas (36$^{\circ}$ 05'N, 129$^{\circ}$ 48'E~36$^{\circ}$ 05'N, 130$^{\circ}$ 00E'E) from Pohang city. The annual mean of the difference in water temperature between sea surface water and 500 m depth was 24$^{\circ}$C at the place to generate electric power in August according to the data of 1961~1997. the maximum duration periods with more than 15$^{\circ}C$ temperature difference were 215 days (5/5-12/10) a year in the place mentioned electricity with a stable plan. In the East Sea coastal areas of the Korean peninsula, the average minimum depth to reach the East Sea Proper Water from surface water is 300 m and fluctuates between 250 m and 350 m throughout a year. Further studies could be needed for the utilization of cold water, such as the East Sea Proper Water for energy conversion.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.139-164
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• 2009

The first demographic transition refers to the historical decline in mortality and fertility, as shown from the 18th Century in several European populations, and continuing present in most developing countries. The end point of the first demographic transition(FDT) was supposed to be a stationary and stable population corresponding with replacement fertility and zero population growth. In addition, households in all parts of the world would converge toward the nuclear and conjugal types, composed of married couples and their offspring. The second demographic transition(SDT), on the other hand, sees no such equilibrium as the end-point. Rather, new developments bring sub-replacement fertility, a multitude of living arrangements other than marriage, and the disconnection between marriage and procreation. Populations would face declining sizes if not complemented by new migrants. Over the last decades birth rates have been on the decline in all countries of the world, and it is estimated that already more than half of he world's population has below replacement level fertility. Measured in terms of the Total Fertility Rate (TFR), currently 34 countries have fertility levels of 1.5 or less. Similarly, Korea has been below lowest-low fertility for eight consecutive years since 2001 and below the replacement level for more than twenty years. In explaining the low fertility in Korea, some researchers explain the low fertility as revenge against a male-dominated society and institution, while others focus the impact of the employment instability. These studies share the basic ideas (spread of individualism, delayed marriage and childbearing, high divorce rate etc.) of a second demographic transition in order to explain the low fertility in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2019

Objectives Disrupted integrities of the fornix and stria terminalis have been suggested in schizophrenia. However, very few studies have focused on the fornix and stria terminalis comparing first-episode schizophrenia (FESZ), chronic schizophrenia (CS), and healthy controls (HCs) with the application of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) technique. The objective of this study is to compare the connectivity of the fornix and stria terminalis among FESZ, CS, and HCs. Methods We included the 44 FESZ patients, 39 CS patients and 20 HCs in this study. Voxel-wise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy (FA) data was performed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics to analyze the connectivity of fornix and stria terminalis. In addition, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) were used to evaluate clinical symptom severities. Results There were no significant differences between the FESZ, CS, and HCs in age, sex, education years. The SAPS and SANS scores of the schizophrenia groups showed no significant differences. FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis in the CS group were significantly lower than those in FESZ and HCs. There were no significant differences of FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis between the FESZ and the HCs. Pearson correlation analyses revealed that significant correlation between FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalies of the the FESZ group and positive, negative symptom scales, and FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis of the CS group and negative symptom scales. Conclusions This study shows that FA values of the fornix and stria terminalis in the CS were lower than in the FESZ and the HCs. These results suggest that the fornix and stria terminalis can play a role in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Thus current study can broaden our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

• 재활복지
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.23-39
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• 2018

The fourth industrial revolution and technological innovation will make the job factor of people with disabilities complicated and difficult. Thus, this study analyzed the technical factors influencing the job structure and tried to find a way to develop the job of the people with disabilities in response to the 4th Industrial Revolution by changing the labor market and changing the trend of the employment by industry. The methods for this study are literature research and FGI. First, technological factors affecting the job structure of the Fourth Industrial Revolution are artificial intelligence, Internet and networking of things, 3D printing, big data, Second, technological innovation due to the industrial revolution was a major factor in the job structure. As the industrial revolution and technological innovation progressed, the job structure shifted rapidly from the manufacturing industry to the service industry, Third, as the measures of the 4th Industrial Revolution and the change of the job structure, it is necessary to make preemptive investment for the development of competency to cope with technological innovation, Finally, in order to respond to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the rapidly changing technological innovation, the basic data of people with disabilities should be able to be big data.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.602-608
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to calculate the temperature difference of the sectional elevation according to the asphalt thickness of the steel box girder bridge deck and provide data on the design basis accordingly. Asphalt thicknesses produced four steel box girder model specimens of 0mm, 50mm, 100m and 150mm. In each model, 17 to 23 temperature sensors were attached to upper concrete and steel box girders. Six temperature gauges were selected to compare the temperature difference with Euro codes. The maximum and lowest temperature were calculated at the reference atmospheric temperature of each model, and the temperature difference (slope) was calculated based on this calculation. Four models of temperature difference are presented at each model. The 0mm to 100mm temperature difference models showed a -0.9 to -1.5 degree lower temperature difference compared to the temperature difference of Euro codes at the top of the slab. Overall, the measured temperature difference was found to be between 5.45% and 8.33% compared to the Euro code. The standard error coefficient, which was calculated by multiplying the average temperature with the standard error, was calculated from a range of 2.50 to 2.51 times the average at the top and bottom. It is estimated that the proposed temperature difference model can be used as a basic data when calculating temperature difference criteria for bridges in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.65-74
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• 2021

Since 2020, the GuangXi government of China has focused on the deep integration of tea industry with leisure and cultural tourism, popular science education, health care and elderly care industries. Among the output value targets of the tertiary industry, the GuangXi government plans to achieve 25 billion yuan, and the tea industry is developing rapidly. Through questionnaire survey, field research and interview, this paper studies the differences of demand behavior and selection attributes of tea products among consumers in different years, and finally studies the evolution pattern of service mode of tea industry in GuangXi. The results show that there are obvious differences in life and work style, shopping habits, service design, user experience, social needs and personality needs of each generation consumers in different years. Based on the analysis of demand and behavior habits of tea products, the evolution pattern of service mode of tea industry in GuangXi is studied. Based on the above results, according to the differences of consumers' choice of tea products in different years, the service mode of tea industry in GuangXi is improved The development of tea industry in service design, user experience level is worthy of in-depth attention.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.283-289
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• 2019

This study was performed to determine the effect of psyllium husk addition on the physical properties of rice extrudates. Rice-based formulations mixed with psyllium husk (0, 7, 14 and 21%) were extruded at a die temperature of 140℃, screw speed of 200 rpm, and moisture content of 20%. As the content of psyllium husk increased, expansion ratio decreased, while piece density and specific length increased. Apparent elastic modulus, breaking strength, adhesiveness, and hardness augmented with an elevation in psyllium husk content. Lightness declined as psyllium husk content furthered, while redness, yellowness, and color difference intensified. Water soluble index and water absorption index increased with an increased amount of psyllium husk. In conclusion, the addition of psyllium affected the expansion of extruded rice snack possessing hard texture, small cells, and sticky texture due to higher water absorption during hydration.

• The tire
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• s.92
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• pp.34-41
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• 1981

후발국지역의 자동차업계 역시 소형차경쟁이 격화되어 이제까지 중ㆍ대형차로 세계 주요 자동차 후발국에 생산, 판매망을 구축해 왔던 미국이나 유럽의 기존 메이커들은 현지에서도 수세에 몰리고 있다. 그러나 일찌기 소형차에 눈뜬 일본이나 Ford, VW같은 메이커는 계속 지반을 확대하고 있다. 이에 따라 각 후발국에서는 이제까지 난립 상태에 있던 자동차업계를 과감히 정리통합하는 등 재편성하여 격화되는 국제 경쟁에 대응하려는 모습을 볼 수 있다. 한편 이제까지 자동차수입을 금지함으로써 맹목적인 자국산업 보호정책을 실시해 왔던 남미제국들이 요즘에 와서 일제히 수입 금지를 해제함으로써 이들 시장이 새로운 소형차수출시장으로 부각한 것은 특기할 만한 일이다. 일본차는 이 지역에 무서운 속도로 파고 들어가고 있는 중이다.<편집자주>

• LP가스
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• s.91
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• pp.27-36
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• 2004

2003년 2월 14일 한국 사회는 중요한 사회적 합의를 이루어냈었다. 그해 1월 11일에 구성된 '경유차 환경위원회'에서 총 8차계의 회의를 거쳐 최근 급증하고 있는 경유 다목적차(RV), 운행중인 화물트럭, 버스 등 경유차로 인한 대기오염이 국민의 건강을 크게 위협하고 있어 더 이상 방치할 수 없는 문제임을 깊이 인식하고, 경유차로 인한 대기오염을 근원적으로 줄여나간다는 원칙아래, 경유 승용차 배출허용기준 조정방안을 포함해서 몇 가지의 대기오염 저감 대책을 수립, 추진한다는 것이었다. 그 대책을 요약하면 다음과 같다.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.12a
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• pp.185-195
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• 2006

중국이 강대국이었던 시절 세계시장을 석권하였던 일류상풍으로 비단, 도자기, 차가 있다. 그 중 비교적 가까운 과거까지 세계시장에서 독보적인 정상의 위치를 고수하던 상품이 도자기와 차이다. 이들 상품이 세계시장에서 누리던 역사적인 영화와 쇠락을 마케팅의 4 P's 비추어 살펴봄으로서, 왜 마케팅의 4 P's 전략이 중요한지를 쉽게 깨달을 수 있는 좋은 교육적 사례를 개발하고자 하였다. 또한 이러한 마케팅의 4 P's 전략이 최근 들어 4 C's 전략으로 변화하는지를 일관된 입장에서 고찰함으로서 마케팅 믹스전략의 중요성을 마케팅에 입문한 학생들이 스스로 깨우치게 하고자 하는 것이 본 논문의 목적이다.