• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.310-319
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• 2013

The genetic diversity and structure of eight populations of Coreanomecon hylomeconoides Nakai, an endemic Korean plant, were investigated using 50 ISSR loci from eight primers. The average percentage of polymorphic loci was 47.3%. The Shannon's index (SI=0.218) and gene diversity (h=0.142) were relatively lower than those of other long-lived perennials. The Sancheong (SI=0.233, h=0153), Gwangyang (SI=0.263, h=0.171), and Suncheon (SI=0.241, h=0.159) populations showed greater genetic diversity than the Namhae and Gwangju populations, which are on the edge of the distribution. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 18% of the total variation could be attributed to differences among populations, and 82% to differences within populations, indicating moderate gene flow among adjacent populations. These results were supported by value of Nm (2.184). The UPGMA conducted using the genetic distance and Bayesian cluster analysis showed a remarkable geographic trend structured into east and west regions. Overall, the results indicate that the Sancheong and Gwangyang populations, which had a large population size and higher degree of genetic diversity, should be the focus of in situ conservation.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.249-267
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• 2015

This study aims to examine the effect of child-centered group play therapy on the improvement of withdrawn preschool children's daily stress, anxiety, peer interaction and EEG variation. The research subjects are 12 children of 3-5 years of age who are over 65T in the social-withdrawal scale of KPRC(Korean Personality Rating Scale for Children). They were recommended by class teachers due to the withdrawal behavior at D kindergarten in Seoul. The experimental group received 12 sessions of the child-centered group play therapy program, twice a week for 35 minutes. But the control group did not receive any of the child-centered group play therapy program. To verify the effects of the program, a Mann-Whitney-U test of the non-parametric was preceded and homogeneity between the two groups was verified. Also, a Wilcoxon's signed-rank test was conducted to check on the pre-to-post changes of daily stress, anxiety, peer-interaction and EEG variation by using SPSS 18.0. The results of this research showed that the child-centered group play therapy program decreases daily stress and anxiety, while it increases positive peer-interaction and the EQ of withdrawal children. The result of this study serves as a baseline data about the effects of child-centered group play therapy for withdrawal children with emotional difficulties.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-102
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• 2007

Consumers evaluate stores by comparing stores that we, in their minds, similar and are competitive with one another; and in this way, the term "consideration set of stores" is defined as those store alternatives the consumer is aware of and evaluates positively. The purpose of this study is to aid in understanding the consideration set of stores in store choice processes in apparel product purchases. More specifically, this study aims to clarify the relation between consideration set of stores and importance of store image. As a result, the respondents of quantitative study were classified into seven groups by the number of stores and store types they considered: 1) "small-road shop sets group" ; 2) "small-market sets group" ; 3) "small- department store sets group" ; 4) "small-department store/outlet sets group" ; 5) "large-department store/market sets group" ; 6) "large-department store/road shop sets group" ; and 7) "large-department store sets group". Further, significant differences among the groups in the importance of store image were observed. For example, low prices were an important factor in both the small-market considering group and large-department store/market considering group when choosing a retail store, there were also differences in the considering groups in that for the small-department store considering group, store mileage-discount cards were important whereas ample space for relaxation around the stores were important retail store selection factors for the large-department store/road shop considering group. This study may provide a useful direction to retailers in finding out who the target customers and competitive stores are and allow retailers to make proper marketing strategies.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.221-240
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• 2015

This study developed a group theraplay program for enhancing intimacy in infant-teacher relationships and infant's adaptation to child care centers. And it also examined the effects of a theraplay program. The participants were 16 infants between the ages of 2-3. Each group of 8 infants was attached to the experimental or the control group. The experimental group had 45 minute group theraplay sessions two times per week for a total of 10 while the control group did not have any treatment. The Child-Teacher Relationship Scale(Pianta, 2001) and the Preschool Adjustment Questionnaire(Jewsuwan, Luster & Kostelnik, 1993) were used for pre-test and follow-up tests. Mann-Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Ranks Test analyzed data via SPSS ver. 20.0. The results were that: (1) In the pre-test, the degree of intimacy in the infant-teacher relationship had no difference between the experimental and control group. However, in follow-up test, the degree of intimacy in the infant-teacher relationship of the experimental group was enhanced. (2) In the pre-test, the degree of adaptation to child care centers had no difference between the experimental and control group. But in the follow-up test, the degree of adaptation to child care centers of the experimental group was changed optimistically. Therefore, it can be concluded that group theraplay program is an effective means to facilitate intimacy in infant-teacher relationships and adaptation to child care centers.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.835-849
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• 2016

The purpose of the present study is to analyze the trajectory of science core school students' STEM career motivation and to examine the relationship between the trajectory patterns and students' tracks. Longitudinal STEM career motivation data with seven constructs were collected from 256 students for five semesters and the data were analyzed by using group-based trajectory modelling analysis. In order to examine the relationship between trajectory pattern groups and the tracks, chi-square tests were conducted. Based on our findings, we found that students are likely to have similar trajectory patterns in STEM career education experience and in their perception towards STEM career value. In terms of parents' support, academic self-efficacy and STEM career motivation aspects are divided into two distinctive trajectory groups ('high' and 'low' group), while two other variables, STEM career self-efficacy and STEM career interest, are divided into three trajectory groups ('moderate declining', 'high declining', 'increasing' group). Most of the trajectory groups are shown the pattern that the level of each constructs increase until their second academic year, then after that, the patterns started going down. Moreover, there are significant relationship between track and each trajectory groups. Science track and science-core track students have similar trajectory patterns. In contrast, humanities track students have different trajectory groups in some constructs. Based on these findings, we suggest that STEM career education environment should consider various patterns of students' STEM career development.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.101-131
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop, and test the effects of a group program on the subjective well-being and depression of the low-income depressed elderly women living alone. Conceptual framework was based on the positive psychotherapy and a broad range of intervention techniques of the solution focused therapy was integrated into the program by using assimilative integration methods. A quasi-experimental nonequivalent comparison group design was used to test the effects of the program. The newly developed group program was implemented to the intervention group and a reminiscence group program was implemented to the comparison group for 10-session. And no intervention group received only home-based routine care services as usual. Results suggested that the newly developed program was effective in increasing the level of subjective well-being, and decreasing the depressive symptoms of the low-income depressed elderly women living alone. It was also proved that the newly developed program maintained its gains up through 11-week follow-up.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.4
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• pp.519-527
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• 2014

Deutzia paniculata is an endemic species, which is geographically restricted within southern part of Korea. Four populations of D. paniculata were sampled across its natural range, from the smallest population, Mt. Dalum, which held less than 100 individuals, to the largest, Mt. Unmum, over 3,500 individuals. Artificial pollination study showed that D. paniculata had an obligate outcross breeding system. Major pollinators were two bee species, Lasioglossum exiliceps and Allograpta balteata (de Geer). The breeding system and patterns of allozyme variation of D. paniculata were investigated to understand the population biology and to explain on reserve designs and management proposals relevant to this species. D. paniculata held relatively low genetic variation at the eight allozyme loci surveyed. Measures of genetic variation in this species alleles per locus ($A_s=1.33$), proportion of polymorphic loci (P=23.85%), and expected heterozygosity ($H_{es}=0.110$) were similar to values reported for endemic species. Mt. Dalum population (DAL) was composed with one clone based on allozyme data. Individuals of D. paniculata were frequently included in root connected clusters. Population genetic structure between and within four populations was probably the result of shrinking effective population size and the extinctions of intervening populations. For the conservation of genetic diversity, maximum number of different genotype need to be protected based on genetic structure and mating system.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.221-235
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• 2020

This study identified the latent groups according to smartphone addiction tendency and examined the factors affecting the latent group identification. The best-fitting LCA solution had three classes. The first group was 'non-academic stressed group, immersed in smartphone' It was characterized low scores on academic stress and average scores on smartphone addiction tendency. The second group was 'medium level academic stressed group, immersed in smartphone' which scored slightly above average in academic stress and smartphone addiction tendency. The third group was 'medium level academic stressed group, non-immersed in smartphone'. It showed higher scores than average in academic stress, but students with far lower scores in smartphone addiction tendency. Logistic analysis result showed that gender and grade were significant. This study is meaningful in analyzing academic related variable(academic stress) and mental health related variable(smartphone addiction tendency) to classify the groups according to patterns between the two variables and suggest appropriate intervention for each group in a convergence way.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.113-127
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop and to verify an effect of a group counselling program for children who are in need of improving social skills and relationships. In order to meet this goal, the study procedure was employed as follows: First, the literature review of studies on childrens in social welfare institutions was implemented. Second, to analyze need of staffs in facilities and to specify the present condition of children, 100 staffs were participated in basic investigation. The result of investigation revealed that social skill development programs should be held in form of total 11~12 sessions once or twice in a week, with 50~60 minutes per session. Third, based on the literature review and current situation investigation results, a program for improving social skills and competencies of children was developed. To verify the program, two groups composed of elementary children who are fourth grade to sixth grade were organized. The groups were a experimental group which was provided with a group counselling program and a control group with no program. The program was composed of twelve sessions throughout six weeks, and the subjects took social skill test after taking the program to verify educational effects. T-test were implemented to analyze difference of the test results of two groups statistically. As a result of a research, following major two findings were specified: (1) experimental group showed significant difference in the score of self-assertion, cooperation, and self-control, which indicates that the program was effective for social skill improvement: (2) according to the test result, the self-assertion, cooperation, and self-control skills were clearly improved. In conclusion, the program turned out to be an effective and a positive educational device to enhance social skills of the children. The program developing model were suggested to improve social skills of children in the state of family devision based on the study findings. The follow-up future studies should elaborate program models for various-aged children and for children with various learning styles. Furthermore, qualitative study method should be employed which can specify social attitude change of children.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2009

We investigated the genetic diversity of an endemic rare species, Forsythia ovata Nakai by examining 93 ISSR amplicons in 84 individuals distributed among five populations. The overall percentage of polymorphic ISSR amplicons was 54.8% and mean number of amplicons per ISSR primer was 6.6. The amount of genetic diversity was relatively lower than other shrub species. The Mt. Seokbyeong and Mt. Seorak B populations had the highest level of genetic diversity. Although the Seokgae-jae population had the lowest level of genetic diversity, the population was genetically the most distinctive from the other populations. About 30.6% of the total variation was allocated between five populations, which was slightly higher than other shrub species. Such a pattern of genetic variation may have resulted from the limited distribution and small population sizes of F. ovata. The UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei's genetic distance showed some decisive geographic patterns. These results suggest that, in addition to the preservation of the natural stands, the conservation of larger number of populations with small number of individuals per population is more effective for the dynamic ex situ conservation and for maintaining the genetic diversity of F. ovata than smaller number of populations with large number of individuals.