• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.923-951
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• 2009

In this paper, we have analyzed the term examinations on quadratic equations and functions in middle schools based on the object of evaluations given by the ministry of education, science and technology of Korea.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.293-302
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze of the science examination of middle school 7th grade by Klopfer's taxonomy of educational objectives. A total of 645 test items from 10 middle schools were analyzed for this study. The examination items were analyzed according to the objectives of science education, such as behavior and contents area, question types, and the degree of difficulty. It was shown that, when the distribution of behavioral objectives was considered, the items emphasized knowledge and comprehension, and were scientific knowledge oriented. The tests consisted of multiple choice questions at a relatively high rate, compared to short answer questions. Comparing the rate of teachers' expectations to the degree of difficulty, the ratio of "top" was low and that of "medium" was high. The results of this study suggested that using various types of question and multiple levels of content and behavior enabled more effective evaluation of the diverse thinking powers and learning of the students.

• School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2017

According to the degree of teacher's understanding for the curriculum, There are a lot of differences in teaching-learning methods and assessment items are one of the representative products reflecting these differences. Therefore we need to investigate how the understanding degree of the teacher for curriculum is reflected in the paper-based assessment items through analyzing them. In this study, we analyzed midterm and final 219 exam papers of 'Calculus I' which was based on the 2009 revised mathematics curriculum and focused on items of 'the Limit of Sequences' which content area is among total 4,632 questions. We investigated how the changed curriculum is reflected in the high school evaluation. Based on the results of the analysis, we confirmed the problems derived from the paper-based assessment. Through this, we sought to draw implications for the educational policy that should be accompanied necessarily in order to stabilize the new curriculum after the revision of the curriculum.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.225-237
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the individual processes of pre-service chemistry teachers in making written test items. For this, we analyzed the think-aloud processes of eight pre-service chemistry teachers while making six written test items about gas laws and their in-depth interview scripts. The characteristics of the processes were found to be divided into six categories; the lack of systemicity in planning stage for making written test items, the lack of awareness and consideration for the interrelationship between instruction and assessment, the diverse criteria in determining test item types, the difficulties in judging behavioral domains and difficulties of items in the table of specification, the limitation in using teacher's guides and misunderstanding of teacher's guides, and the limitation in point and/or content of review and differences depending on the time of review. These can provide some significant guidelines and implications in finding ways to improve pre-service chemistry teachers' ability to make written test items.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.573-594
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• 2014

Capacity of making assessment items among teacher's assessment competency is essential element in validity and reliability of assessment. Errors in test items on the formal and content aspects can be a big stumbling block to derive a correct evaluation result. Through this assessment, the positive feedback can not be derived. In this study, By analyzing midterm and final 60 exam papers for geometry and vector in 45 high Schools of Seoul GyeonggiIncheon area, We argue error items and improvements on the formal and content aspect the paper-based assessment of mathematics. Through this, Our intention is to improve the skills of teachers for making assessment items.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.595-598
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• 2009

최근 영재 및 영재교육에 관련된 연구가 다방면에서 진행되고 있으며, 초기에 수학 및 과학 분야 위주로 이루어졌던 영재교육은 정보, 발명, 인문, 예술 등의 기타 분야로 점차 확대되어 가고 있다. 사회적으로는 고도화된 정보화 사회로의 진행과 더불어 정보과학에서도 영재교육데 대한 관심과 중요성이 커지고 있다. 그러나 정보과학의 학문적 역사가 짧고 그 범위의 설정이 어려운 만큼 정보과학 분야의 영재교육에 있어서도 대상자의 선발과 교육이 어려운 것이 사실이다. 특히 영재교육 대상자의 선정과 교육에 필수적인 평가 방식에 대한 학문적 연구가 부족하여 교육 방식의 보완과 창의적인 대상자 선발에 있어 개선에 대한 목소리가 높다. 이에 본 연구에서는 여러 형태의 평가 방식 중 관찰평가가 평가도구로서 어떻게 작용하는지 다면 평가의 측면에서 지필평가와 보완적 작용을 하는지에 대해 연구하였다. 이를 위해 2년간의 학습자들의 지필평가 성적과 관찰평가 중 리커트 척도 방식의 체크리스트와 서술형 관찰 기록지 사이의 상관관계를 통계적으로 분석 하였다. 또한 항목간의 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 체크리스트와 서술형 관찰기록지의 하위 항목간의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 연구 결과 체크리스트의 하위항목 분석을 통해서는 태도와 문제해결 능력 간의 상관관계, 수학적인지영역과 문제해결 능력 간의 유의미한 상관 관계를 알 수 있었으며, 서술형 관찰 기록지 분석을 통해서는 투입 프로그램 적응 능력이라 할 수 있는 과정적 영역은 정의적 영역과 인지적 영역의 상관 관계가 중요함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 평가 방식간의 상관 관계는 지필 평가와 관찰 평가의 유의미한 연관성이 없다는 것이 밝혀졌다. 즉, 정보과학 분야 영재교육 학습자의 잠재 능력이나 사회성, 창의성, 문제해결력 등을 평가하기 위해서는 지필평가와 더불어 관찰평가가 반드시 필요하며 다면평가의 측면에서 상호 보완적인 역할을 한다는 것이다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.769-781
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• 2016

This study investigated the interactions among the PCK components of pre-service secondary chemistry teachers considered in the processes of making written test items individually and in small groups. The processes of making written test items individually for 8 pre-service teachers was studied through the think-aloud method. The analysis of the results revealed that the 'assessment in science education' of the five PCK components was most frequently used in making test items. 'Curriculum for science education,' 'subject matter knowledge,' and 'students' were also frequently used although fewer than the previous component. However, 'instructional strategies and instruction for science education' was hardly used. The integrations between two or three components with various types were frequently found. However, integrations among four to five components were not found. The processes of making written test items in two small groups consisting of four pre-service teachers were observed. The analysis of the results revealed that the PCK components used in small groups were similar to those in the individual processes. However, 'curriculum for science education' was less frequently used, and the numbers of subcategories used at a relatively high frequency increased from other four components in small groups. In the aspects of integration, the proportion of the integrations between two components decreased and that for three components increased compared with those in the individual processes. The integrations among four or five components were also newly found. However, the integrations of 'curriculum for science education' with the other components were less frequently found. The integrations of 'instructional strategies and instruction for science education' with other components were still hardly found.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.168-181
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to monitor evaluation in science education at primary and secondary school in Korea. In order to do this, the survey was administered. The subject was 518 teachers; 292 elementary school teachers, 110 middle school science teachers and 116 general high school science teachers. It was found that the ratio of paper examination increased while that of performance evaluation decreased according to the grade of school. In the science paper examination, the ratio of selection type item was higher than that of supply type item, and the ratio of item belonging to knowledge area was higher than that of item belonging to the inquiry area regardless of the grade of school, teaching career, and teacher's gender. The teachers recognized the necessity of supply type item, but they suffered from the reliability of the result of that item. And it was hard for them to do performance evaluation because it took much time and effort. This study suggested that the high-quality in-service teacher training be provided and laboratory assistants who help the science experiment and grading test papers be employed in order to fulfil the performance evaluation and increase the ratio of supply type item and items belonging to the inquiry area.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.02a
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• pp.239-248
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• 2005

이 논문은 과학영재교육원의 학생 선발과정을 중심으로 과학영재아 판별과정을 분석해보고, 과학영재교육원의 학생 선발과정에서 발생할 수 있는 오류를 점검하여, 이를 보완할 수 있는 개선안을 마련하고자 하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 분석결과 과학, 수학과 관련된 창의적 문제의 지필평가 성적이 선발의 가장 중요한 기준이었다. 지필평가 단계에서 지망분야에 관계없이 과학, 수학 및 창의력검사를 모두 치러야 하는 교육원에 초점을 맞추어 그 점수 활용에 있어서 발생할 수 있는 오류를 점검하였다. A 교육원의 경우 학생 선발은 다단계 평가를 원칙으로 하고 있었으며, 1단계 지필평가에서 과학, 수학, 창의력검사라는 세 과목 시험의 합산점수로서 선발하고 있었다. 이 교육원의 ○○년도 중등과정 응시자 276명을 대상으로 합격자와 불합격자의 지필평가 점수를 분석하여 과학, 수학, 창의력검사의 시행에 오류가 없었는지 점검하였다. 또 이들의 합산에 의한 선발이 의미 있는 결과를 보이는지 분석하였다. 그 결과 과학, 수학, 창의력검사의 상관도분석에서 과학은 수학 및 창의력검사와 유의미한 상관이 있었으나, 수학과 창의력검사는 독립적으로 분석되었다. 또 이들의 합산에 지원분야별 배점으로 계산한 선발은 본래의 취지, 즉 과학, 수학, 창의력에서 모두 우수한 학생을 선발하고자 하는 의도대로 진행되었으나, 판별분석 결과 합격과 불합격자 판별에서 88.1%의 정확도를 보여 다소 오류가 있었음을 발견하였다. 이는 해당년도에 출제된 문제의 난이도 및 시험 과목별 평균점수 차를 고려하지 않아 발생하는 문제로 파악되어져 원점수 대신 표준점수로 변환하여 오류를 보완할 것을 제안한다. 자체와 직접 관련되는 영역으로는 좌반구의 측두엽과 전두엽 부분이 관찰되었다. 특히 한국어 어말어미 산출시 나타나는 형태점화 양상과 관련된 대뇌영역으로 발견된 브로카 영역에서의 활성화는 어미 변환과 관련된 영역이라기보다는 산출시 관련되는 articulation, motor coordinate관련 영역으로 추정되고, 측두엽의 활성화는 형태소, 의미 관련 지식의 data base로 추정된다. 또한 우반구 전두엽 부분에서 관찰된 활성화는 억제관련 영역으로 짐작된다.러한 동물실험이 그 기초를 제공해 줄 수 있을 것이다. 또한 행동성향 및 기억의 종류에 따른 약물효과의 차이는 기억과 관련된 질병인 알츠하이머 환자에 있어 개개인에게 맞는 적절한 특징적인 치료약물이 존재할 것이라는 가능성을 제공해줄 뿐만 아니라 학습과 기억력 증진 효과를 기대해 볼 수 있을 것이라고 생각된다. 및 지역산업발전의 기획${\sim}$조정기구로서, 선진국의 지역발전기구(Regional Development Agency : RDA)인 지역전략산업기획단이 2002년도부터 산업자원부와 9개 시도에 의해 설립되어 지역네트워크의 활성화와 클러스터의 형성 촉진을 하게 되었고 2004년도에는 13개시도로 확대${\sim}$운영되고 있고, 지역특화사업(H/W)과 지역산업기술개발과제(S/W)와 함께 패케지 형태로 지원되며, 주요역할은 크게 지역산업의 정책기획 분야와 평가관리, 지역혁신역량 조사 및 DB구축 등으로 구분된다. 그중에서도 권역별, 지역별, 지역산업진흥사업 육성과 중장기 산업발전계획을 수립하기 위하여 지역혁신역량을 바탕으로 한 지역 Technol

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.275-283
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to investigate the evaluation scores among various evaluators such as tutor, peer, and self evaluation, the lenience and central tendency among these various evaluators, and the correlation between evaluation scores among the various evaluators and the paper test score in the Problem-Based Learning (PBL). For the research, tutor, peer, and self evaluations were carried out with PBL effectiveness evaluation tool for the 105 nursing students taking classes using PBL, and paper test was conducted after the PBL class ended. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS WIN (V. 12.0). The study results showed that peer and self evaluation scores were higher than tutor evaluation score. Also lenience and central tendency were higher and stronger in peer and self evaluation than in tutor evaluation. Paper test score had a significant correlation with tutor evaluation score, but not with peer or self evaluation scores.