• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2021

The application of nature-based solutions, such as low impact development (LID) techniques and green infrastructures, for stormwater management continue to increase in urban areas. Plants are usually utilized in LID facilities to improve their pollutant removal efficiency through phytoremediation. Plants can also reduce maintenance costs and frequency by means of reducing the accumulation of pollutants inside the facility. Plants have long been used in different LID facilities; however, proper plant-selection should be considered since different species tend to exhibit varying pollutant uptake capabilities. This study was conducted to investigate the pollutant uptake capabilities of plants by comparing the dry matter and nutrient contents of different plant species in roadsides, LID facilities, and landscape areas. The dry matter content of the seven herbaceous plants, shrubs, and arboreal trees ranged from 60% to 90%. In terms of nutrient content, the total nitrogen (TN) concentration in the tissues of herbaceous plants continued to increase until the summer season, but gradually decreased in the succeeding periods. TN concentrations in shrubs and trees were observed to be high from early spring up to the late summer seasons. All plant samples collected from the LID facility exhibited high TP content, indicating that the vegetative components of LID systems are efficient in removing phosphorus. Overall, the nutrient content of different plant species was found to be highly influenced by the urban environment which affected the stormwater runoff quality. The results of this study can be beneficial for establishing plant selection criteria for LID facilities.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.43-54
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• 2013

With the consistent development of the 3D application technique, visuals are available at more realistic quality and are utilized in many applications like game. In particular, interacting with 3D objects in virtual environments, 3D graphics have led to a substantial development in the augmented reality. This study proposes a 3D user interface to control objects in 3D space through virtual two-view method using only one camera. To do so, homography matrix including transformation information between arbitrary two positions of camera is calculated and 3D coordinates are reconstructed by employing the 2D hand coordinates derived from the single camera, homography matrix and projection matrix of camera. This method will result in more accurate and quick 3D information. This approach may be advantageous with respect to the reduced amount of calculation needed for using one camera rather than two and may be effective at the same time for real-time processes while it is economically efficient.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.459-472
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• 2006

This paper examines the implication of competition and collaboration in the innovation process for regional economic development in an increasingly knowledge-based economy. While competition is an important force in securing the competitive advantage of firms, collaboration between firms and organizations should be necessary for promoting the innovative capacity of a region. This study shows that collaboration relations based on trust and stability is important for the long-term development of learning and innovation in competitive environment, and the way how spatial proximity plays an important role in interactive learning processes. It also discusses the reason why the innovative networks facilitating the exchange of tacit knowledge should be embedded in region. Finally, the paper examines the possibility of the networks based on collaboration relationship in less-favored regions such as Chonbuk, and suggests the policy implication of the result for achieving regional innovation systems in the region successfully.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.209-216
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• 2008

최근 정보통신의 발달로 도시 지하시설물 지능화를 위한 다양한 기술들이 제공되어 '유비쿼터스 국토' 실현에 대한 요구가 지속적으로 높아질 전망이다. 다양한 기관에서 지능화된 시설물 관리에 대한 요구가 발생하고 있으며 각 지방자치단체들은 U-City 사업을 통하여 센서를 활용한 시설물 관리를 시도하고 있다. 하지만 사업의 대부분이 지상 시설에 대한 분야로 한정되어, 지상시설의 센서네트워크 기술은 다양한 응용분야로 발전하고 있으나 지하 환경의 시설물 관리를 위한 센서네트워크 기술은 아직 활용이 미흡하다. 본 연구는 지능형 상하수도 관리를 위한 유비쿼터스센서 설치방안 마련을 위한 연구방법론 수립을 제안한다. 이를 위해 첫째, 지능화(또는 유비쿼터스화)의 개념, 둘째, 상하수도 시설물 지능화의 필요성, 셋째, 시설물 지능화를 위한 센서설치의 역할 및 중요성, 넷째, u-City 구현을 위한 3대 영역(즉, 물리영역, 비물리영역, 정보통신영역)의 융합개념을 적용한 지능형 상하수도의 개념정립, 다섯째, 이상의 기반을 바탕으로 상하수도 지능화를 위한 센서설치 연구방법론을 제안한다. 이를 통해 물리영역(즉, 물리적 제한요소들), 비물리영역(실수요기반 시설물 지능화의 필요성) 그리고 정보통신영역(즉, 정보통신 관련 핵심기술 및 보조기술)의 상호융합에 의한 지능형 상하수도 관리를 위한 센서설치방안 마련이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.326-330
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• 2011

댐의 최적운영을 위해서는 강우량, 유량, 토양수분량, 증발산량과 같은 수문자료는 필수적이다. 이중 강우량과 유량자료는 치수 중심의 댐 운영에 가장 중요하게 이용되며, 국가 수자원계획, 이수 및 환경 계획 등에도 다목적으로 활용된다. 강우량은 면적 강우량을 대표할 수 있는 위치에서 관측되어야 점 강우량을 면적 강우량으로 환산하는데서 발생되는 오차를 최소화할 수 있다. 이는 실제 발생되는 연속형 강우량과 강우관측소에서 관측되는 이산형 강우량의 차가 최소화될 때 가능한 일이다. 최근 강우 특성은 급 점진적으로 변화하고 있다. 과거에 비해 매우 시공간적으로 불규칙해졌으며, 특히 짧은 지속시간 동안 많은 양의 강우가 집중되고 있다. 이와 같은 강우 특성 변화는 강우관측망에 반드시 반영되어야 한다. 강우 특성을 반영하여 댐을 효율적으로 운영하기 위해서는 기존 관측망에 대한 재평가가 선행되어야 하며, 재평가된 결과를 토대로 관측망을 개선해야 한다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 최근 10개년(기상청)의 강우자료를 Kriging method로 공간 분포시켜 연속형 강우량과 강우관측소에서 관측되는 이산형 강우량의 차가 최소화될 수 있는 강우관측망을 구축하였다. 강우관측망을 구축한 결과, 최소 72개소의 강우관측소가 필요하였다. 기관별로는 한수원(주) 29개소(화천댐 유역, 신설 2개소 포함), 국토해양부 18개소, 한국수자원공사 4개소, 기상청(유인 및 무인) 21개소로 구축되었다. 본 연구에서 설계한 강우관측망은 대략 평균 $100km^2$의 밀도로 구축되었으며, 팔당댐 유역에서 가장 크게 개선되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.432-432
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• 2017

국내에서 설계홍수량 산정시, 실무 적용성이 높은 설계강우-유출 모형을 채택하고 유출모형으로는 단위도 방법을 적용하여 설계홍수량을 산정한다. 설계홍수량을 산정함에 있어 설계강우-유출관계 모형을 적용하기 위한 필수요소로 확률강우량 산정이 선행되어야 한다. 확률강우량은 유역면적이 25.9 m를 초과할 경우 면적평균확률강우량을 사용하여야하나 지점평균확률강우량을 주로 사용하고 있다. 이는 해당 유역 강우의 공간적 분포를 고려하고 있지 않기 때문에 각 강우관측소에서 관측되는 지점 강우자료를 면적평균확률강우량으로 산정하는데 매번 복잡한 자료처리과정을 거쳐야 하는데 있다. 따라서 비교적 산정이 간편한 지점평균확률강우량을 사용하여 면적평균확률강우량으로 손쉽게 전환할 수 있는 각 유역별 ARF(Areal Reduction Factor) 의 필요성이 대두된다.(이등, 정등 2002) 본 연구에서는 일반적으로 유역의 강우 빈도해석시 이용되는 면적고정형 방법을 사용하여 표본면적에 대하여, 설계홍수량 산정요령(국토부, 2012)에 제시 된 4대강 유역의 ARF와 제주도 한천유역의 수문학적 특성을 반영한 ARF를 산정하여 비교 하였다. 표본면적($100km^2$)에 대하여 기존 4대강 유역의 ARF와 본 연구에서 산정된 ARF 비교 결과 권역별, 빈도별, 지속시간에 따른 ARF는 제주 도심지 유역 기준 최대 18.63%(영산강유역) 작게 산정되었음을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 향후 해당유역의 수문학적 특성 미반영으로 인해 설계홍수량이 과다 및 과소 산정되어 안정적인 수공구조물 결정을 저해하는 중요 요소로 작용 될 수 있어 제주도 전 유역에 적용 가능한 ARF 산정 및 기준 설정 등의 조치가 요구된다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.579-591
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• 2022

Today's Fourth Industrial Revolution is now showing a huge trend that cannot be rejected or ignored. Historically, the Industrial Revolution has always had a significant impact on the function and form of cities, so it is very necessary for modern Christianity to establish the right cultural perspective in urban settings and seek ways to contribute socially in the public domain. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find the right role of Christianity in new urban spaces and structures based on the following three questions. First, what is a sustainable 'good' city in a new era? What are the principles and conditions of the 'good' city? Second, what is the relationship between the city and Christianity? Third, what role should Christianity in the city play for co-prosperity and community? In response to the third question, the study presented the following applications: First, it is necessary to restore and practice Christian civic culture. Second, Christianity should also take the lead in restoring morality in the market economy. Third, it is necessary to implement Christian values beyond caring and charity. Fourth, the church needs a role and cooperation as a civil society that restores humanity and faith.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1287-1294
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• 2021

This paper is a study on the implementation of a sensor-based smart compression system for improving home and street environments. Since modernization, the amount of garbage has been increasing every year, and this has seriously adversely affected not only people but also ecosystems such as marine pollution and soil pollution. In particular, in large cities with large floating populations, garbage is dumped on the streets without proper measures to deal with the amount of waste generated. In order to improve this problem, this paper intends to implement a system with automatic compression and opening/closing functions using sensors. This system is designed to activate automatic opening/closing function through an infrared sensor, and automatically opening and closing when the inclination is changed using an impact sensor. In addition, by installing a distance sensor, the amount of internal waste can be easily monitored from the outside, and a manual compression switch and a manual opening/closing switch is separately designed to enable opening and closing and compression as needed to increase the effectiveness.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.69-76
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• 2024

This dissertation developed a five-story vertical livestock and fisheries farm (palm tower) model for sustainable food production in cities. It proposes to integrate marine farms, livestock raising, and pesticide-free automated crop farms to efficiently use resources and minimize environmental impact. Based on circular economy principles, the model can recycle the output of each part into resources from the other, increasing the efficiency of the system, utilizing idle space in the city, and promoting job creation and community participation. It can also contribute to reducing the carbon footprint of food production and improving food safety. In addition, the study explores how advanced agricultural technologies can be integrated into urban structures to address global food security challenges. This model presents potential solutions to the food crisis caused by climate change and population growth, and suggests a direction for the development of urban agriculture. Future research should address the technical and policy challenges for practical implementation.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.190-211
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• 2010

The purpose of this paper is to provide the preliminary data for maintenance of old trees of natural monuments and establishing protection projects. Accordingly, growth conditions, location circumstances, environment and protection management were analyzed for old trees at 34 sites in Gyeongsangbuk-do. Tree forms, crown, trunk and trees' health, leaves volume were analyzed in survey sites. As the results, the growth of Picrasma quassioides in Songsadong, Andong-si and Catalpa ovata in Hongwon-ri, Cheongsong-gun were not in good condition, along with other old trees of 6 cities (Quercus variabilis in Susan-ri, Uljin-gun, Juniperus chinensis in Hujeong-ri, Uljin-gun, Pyrus ussuriensis in Ssangjeon-ri, Uljin-gun, Salix glandulosa var. pilosa in Deokchon-ri, Cheongdo-gun, Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis in Hwasan-ri, Mungyeong-si, Pinus densiflora in Daeha-ri, Mungyeong-si). Accoding to these results, protection project and consistent monitoring are necessary. The analysis results of growth conditions per location circumstances showed that the old trees in the small spaces with large traffic of people were in bad condition. Therefore, it is necessary to secure sufficient space and soil improvement for such trees. The analysis results of growth conditions per species showed that Zelkova serrata, Quercus spp., Pinus densiflora are in good condition while Salix koreensis and others, i.e. a singular tree, are in poor condition. Thus, relatively smaller individuals and separately situated trees need careful management in their protection. The analysis results of trunk's growth ratio showed that Pinus densiflora, Ginkgo biloba, Zelkova serrata are in good condition whereas Juniperus chinensis, Quercus variabilis, Salix koreensis are not. It is a recent trend that tree surgeries are gradually decreasing; there are a number of damaged trees with no maintenance/management, and several sites requiring mend trunks management and cabling, bracing in protection and management projects. Hence, in the future, local government and management organizations should plan for systematic management and establish a protection plan for the natural monument trees. Also, 12 sites were found to be in need to purchase lands in order to secure the growth spaces, and since most of these areas are available for purchase, it is needed to promote a budget and purchase those areas through persuasion of the owner. These areas seems crucial in order to maximize the effect of conservation efforts and budgets for the preservation and restoration of the old trees.