• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.225.2-226
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 현미로부터 tocoles 획분을 분리하여 고콜레스테롤 식이를 섭취한 흰쥐의 체내 지질대사에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 실험동물은 SD계 숫컷 5주령을 구입하여 정상군, 대조군 (1% cholesterol), rice oil 첨가군, tocoles 첨가군의 4군으로 나누어 AIN-76 diet 조성에 의거하여 식이를 조제하여 4주 동안 섭취시켰다. 실험기간이 끝난 후 복부 대동맥으로부터 채혈하고 각 조직을 적출하여 간, 신장, 비장 및 부고환지방 조직의 무게를 측정하였다. 또한 혈청 lipid profile과 TBARS 함량 및 ALT, AST 및 ALP 활성을 분석하였고 간장중 중성지방, 콜레스테롤 및 TBARS 함량과 G6PDH 및 malic enzyme을 분석하였다. 그 결과 간장 및 부고환지방의 무게가 대조군에서 유의적으로 증가하였으나, tocoles 첨가군은 정상군의 수준으로 감소하였다. 혈청 내의 중성지방과 총 콜레스테롤은 실험군 간에 유의적인 차이는 나타내지 않았으나 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 간장 조직 내 지질함량은 대조군에서 높게 나타났으며, tocoles 군에서 중성지방과 콜레스테롤 및 총 지방의 함량이 유의하게 감소하였다. 지질 과산화물 함량은 혈청과 간장 조직 모두 유의적으로 감소하였다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.2995-3000
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• 2013

We investigated the effects of testosterone on the improvement of white adipose tissue explant and its molecular mechanism in adipose tissue of high fat diet-fed male castrated (CAST) mice. The CAST mice treated with testosterone had lower adipose tissue weights, the average size of adipocytes and mRNA levels of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ as well as adipocyte marker genes than the vehicle-treated CAST mice. These results suggest that testosterone prevent the expression of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ and $C/EBP{\alpha}$-mediated adipocyte marker genes, resulting in decreased adipose tissue mass and adipocyte metabolism in male CAST mice. Moreover, this study give a valuable molecular and biological knowledge on testosterone therapy in obese hypogonadal men.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.385-397
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• 2020

This study investigated whether swimming exercises improves obesity through regulation of angiogenesis in white adipose tissue. Female mice with high-fat diets were divided into sham-operated group (Sham), ovariectomized group (OVX), and swim-trained ovariectomized group (OVX + Swim). Compared to the Sham, OVX increased body weight, adipose tissue mass and size of adipocyte. However, these factors (: such as body weight, adipose tissue mass and size of adipocyte) of OVX + Swim decreased compared with OVX. Compared with the Sham, OVX increased the mRNA expression of angiogenic activator and MMPs and decreased the mRNA expression of angiogenic inhibitors in white adipose tissue. But OVX + Swim decreased the mRNA expression of angiogenic activator and MMPs and increased the mRNA expression of angiogenic inhibitors in white adipose tissue, compared with the OVX. Theses results suggested that swimming exercises the angiogenesis in white adipose tissue, resulting to improve obesity in high-fat diet-fed female OVX mice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.1522-1527
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• 2009

We investigated the effects of feeding diet containing medicinal plant water extracts (MPWEs) on body weight, epididymal adipose tissue weight, adipocyte size of epididymal adipose tissue and plasma lipid levels in high fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice. To test antiobese effects of diet containing the MPWEs, C57BL/6J mice were fed with HF diet for 11 weeks. In the last 6 weeks, the HF diet was supplemented with 0 (HFD) or MPWEs (5 g/kg, HFD＋MPWEs) or orlistat [0.5 g/kg, HFD＋orlistat (antiobesity drug)]. The HF-free diet group was fed normal chow for 11 weeks. Eleven-weeks feeding with HFD resulted in significant increase in lipid levels, body weight, liver and epididymal adipose tissue weights, compared with the HF-free group. Diet containing MPWEs significantly reduced plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose concentrations as well as body weight, liver weight and epididymal adipose tissue weight. Plasma triglyceride levels were significantly lower in the HFD＋Forlistat group after 6 weeks and a similar effect was found with HFD＋MPWEs group. The adipocyte size of epididymal adipose tissue in HFD group was significantly larger than those of HF-free group. MPWEs and orlistat (positive control) significantly decreased the size of epididymal adipocytes but orlistat was slightly more effective than MPWEs. These results suggest that oral feeding of the MPWEs may have antiobesity effects by suppressing body weight gain, adipose tissue formation and adipocyte size increase.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.369-378
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• 2018

Purpose: Obesity is associated with a dysregulation of metabolic balance and is regarded as a low grade chronic inflammation. Western-style diet and physical inactivity are leading causes of obesity. This study examined the profiles of forty plasma cytokines and chemokines at the same time in the early stages of high-fat diet-induced obesity using a mouse model. Methods: A total of 30 male CD1 mice, 12 ~ 14 weeks of age, were enrolled. The mice were fed a high-fat diet for 6 weeks to induce obesity. The plasma glucose and triglyceride concentrations were measured using a hexokinase colorimetric assay kit and a serum triglyceride determination kit, respectively. The relative levels of multiple cytokines and chemokines in the plasma were determined using a mouse cytokine array kit. Results: The mice exhibited significant weight gain after 6 weeks of a high-fat diet. The genital fat depot was enlarged along with an increase in the number and the mean size of white adipocytes as early as 4 weeks after a high-fat diet. In addition, the plasma glucose and triglyceride levels increased significantly after 4 weeks of a high-fat diet. Cytokine array analysis revealed a remarkable increase in the expression of both CXCL12 and CXCL13, whereas the proinflammatory cytokines remained low after 4 weeks of a high-fat diet. Conclusion: A significant increase in plasma levels of CXCL12 and CXCL13 was observed after 4 weeks of a high-fat diet, which might induce the migration of B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and monocytes from the blood to expanding adipose tissue or fat associated lymphoid clusters, playing a key role in adipose tissue remodeling and local immunity during the early stages of high-fat diet-induced obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.427-435
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• 2017

To investigate whether genistein regulates menopause-induced obesity, it was studied the effects of genistein on anti-obesity effects in female ovariectomized (OVX) mice, an animal model of postmenopausal women. 7-week-old female mice (C57BL/6J) were randomly divided into three groups. All the animals received a high fat diet or a high fat diet supplemented with genistein for 8 weeks and variables and determinants of obesity were measured. The OVX mice had significantly higher body weight and adipose tissue mass than sham mice. However, genistein supplementation reduced body weight, adipose tissue mass, and adipocyte size of OVX mice. The OVX mice treated with genistein had significantly lower levels of serum triglycerides and total cholesterol than the vehicle-treated OVX mice. Lipid accumulation in liver was also markedly decreased by genistein in OVX mice. The results suggest that genistein can effectively prevent adiposity, adipocyte phertrophy, and llipid disorders caused by ovariectomy. Moreover, this study may contribute to the alleviation of metabolic syndrome, including obesity and hyerlipidemia in postmenopausal women.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2004

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.471-478
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• 2000

본 연구는 절식 및 재급여가 Sprague-Dawley 계통 수컷 흰쥐(55마리)의 지방조직내 LPL 활성과 지방합성량에 미치는 영향을 구명하였다. 아울러 재급여하는 동안 다양한 식이섭취 제한이 LPLghkf성과 지방합성에 어떻게 영향을 미치는 지도 조사하였다. 대조군(5마리)은 무제한 식이를 급여하였으며 실험 첫날 식이섭취 상태에서 바로 희생시켰으며, 그 외의 모든 쥐는 2일간 절식시켰다. 2일 절식 후 그중 5마리의 쥐를 희생하여 절식군으로 두었으며, 나머지 쥐(45마리)는 절식 후 식이를 재급여하였는데, 이때 재급여하는 동안 식이섭취 제한 효과를 보기 위해 ad libitum group, 20% food restricted group(ad libitum group의 80%) 및 40% food restricted group(ad libitum group의 60%)로 나누어 실시하였다. 재급여 후 7일, 14일 및 21일 째 되는 날 각각 희생하였다. 지방조직의 지방합성은 포도당이 총 지방으로 변한 양으로 측정하였다. 체중과 지방조직의 무게는 재급여 후 ad libitum group은 5일만에, 20% food restricted group은 14일만에 대조군 수준에 도달하였다. 재급여시 40% food restricted group의 체중과 지방조직의 무게는 재급여 후 21일째가 되도록 대조군 수준에 도달하지 못했다. 식이 재급여 후 21일 때 ad libitum group의 혈청 총 콜레스테롤함량은 대조군에 비해 높았다. (p<0.05). HDL-콜레스테롤함량은 재급여시 40% food restricted group가 대조군에 비해 높았다. (p<0.05). 그러나 HDL-C/TC비율과 중성지방함량은 처리군간에 유의적인 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 절식 후 지방조직내 지방합성량과 LPL(HR-LPL과 TE-LPL)활성은 대조군에 비해 현저희 저하되었다. (p<0.05). 재급여 후 21일째 ad libitum group의 지방합성량은 대조군에 비해 낮았다.(p<0.05). 그러나 40% food restricted group의 지방합성량은 대조군에 비해 높았다. (p<0.05). HR-LPL과 TE-LPLghkf성은 재급여시 ad libitum group과 20% food re-stricted group은 대조군 수준에 도달하였으나, 40% food restricted group은 재급여 후 21일째가 되도록 대조군 수준에 도달하지 못했다. 이러한 결과를 통해 절식 후 식이를 재급여할 경우 식이섭취 제한은 LPLghkf성이 증가되는 것을 부분적으로 혹은 완전히 예방할 수 있으며, 지방 조직내 지방축적에 영향을 미친다는 것을 말해 준다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1439-1445
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• 2010

In this study, we investigated the inhibition of phyto-extract mixture (PEM) in several digestive enzymes ($\alpha$-amylase, $\alpha$-glucosidase and lipase) for anti-obesity. The current study also examined the effects of PEM on adiposity and serum lipid levels in obese mice fed with high fat diet. ICR male mice weighing $33{\pm}1.1\;g$ were randomly divided into three groups, one normal diet group (control, ND group) and two high fat diet groups with or without PEM supplement (HFD group and PEM group). The mice were fed the PEM experimental for 6 weeks and then they were sacrificed. The results showed that the final weight, weight gain, food efficiency ratio and body fat were decreased by the addition of PEM compared to those of HFD group. White adipose tissue weights of epididymal, mesenteric and retroperitoneal areas in the PEM group were reduced to 31.2%, 8.8%, and 37.8%, respectively, compared to the HFD group. The levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol in the PEM group were significantly lower than those of HFD group. The body weight gain and food efficiency ratio of PEM group were significantly lower compared with those of HFD group. From the above results, the PEM may be effective material for anti-obesity through reducing serum triglyceride and body fats as well as decreasing body weight.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.244-257
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• 2023

This study investigated the effects of exercise on genistein-induced adipose tissue reduction and anti-inflammation of adipose tissue in ovariectomized mice fed a high-fat diet. Compared to mice fed a high-fat diet (C), both genistein (G) or exercise only (Ex) not only decreased adipose tissue weight and adipocyte size, but also glucose and free fatty acid levels in serum, which were more effectively reduced when genistein and exercise were treated simultaneously (G/Ex). The expression of lipogenesis and inflammatory cytokine genes of both G and Ex in adipose tissue was decreased compared to C. In particular, the decrease of these genes expression in G/Ex was more effective than each treatment alone. Thus, this study revealed that simultaneous treatment of genistein and exercise resulted in more effective improvement of obesity and adipose tissue inflammation than genistein single treatment in ovariectomized mice fed a high-fat diet, and it is a result of positive regulation of lipogenesis genes. This study suggests that the exercise has a beneficial effect on anti-obesity and adipose tissue anti-inflammation of genistein.