• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.141-145
• /
• 2024

Because of muscle fatigue, motor unit recruitment and firing rates decrease and EMG power spectrum shifts toward lower frequencies as spectral compression which represented by a falling shift in the median frequency. However, changes of this frequency shows relatively less than those of the magnitudes of the low frequency band. This paper aims to examine the moderate ranges of the frequency bands in the existed ones as spectral fatigue indices of biceps femoris muscle. Twelve subjects participate in this experiment, and EMG signals are measured from these muscles during treadmill walking on the speed of 4.5 km/h. ANOVA analysis is used to compare changes of the low and high frequency band with reference to those of median frequency. Experimental results demonstrate that the low frequency band 25-82 Hz and the high frequency band 142-300 Hz could be appropriate for spectral fatigue indices of biceps femoris muscles.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.82-87
• /
• 1998

음성합성은 합성방식에 따라 파형부호화법, 신호원부호화법, 혼성부호화법으로 분류 할 수 있다. 특히 고음질 합성을 위해서는 파형부호화를 이용한 합성방식이 적합하다. 그렇 지만, 파형부호화를 이용한 합성법은 여기 성분과 여파기 성분을 분리하지 않고 처리하기 때문에 음절단위나 음소단위의 합성기법으로는 바람직하지 못하다. 따라서 파형부호화법을 규칙에 의한 합성에 적용되도록 음원피치를 변경시키기 위한 피치 변경법이 필요하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 스펙트럼 왜곡을 최소화하기 위해 켑스트럼의 성질을 이용하여 피치를 변경 하는 방법에 대하여 제안하였다. 이 방법은 주파수영역상에서 여기 스펙트럼과 여파기 스펙 트럼을 분리하여 여기 스펙트럼을 여기 켑스트럼으로 변환한 후 영값 삽입이나 삭제에 의해 피치를 변경하고 스펙트럼영역에서 피치 변경된 스펙트럼을 재구성하는 기법을 적용하였다. 제안한 방법의 성능을 평가하기 위해 스펙트럼 왜곡율을 측정하여 본 결과 평균 스펙트럼 왜곡율은 평균 2.29%이하로 유지되었으며 주관적인 음질도 평균 3.74로 우수하였다.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
• /
• v.31 no.9
• /
• pp.536-542
• /
• 2004

An architecture of direct digital frequency synthesizers (DDFS) is studied in this paper The Direct digital frequency synthesizers (DDFS) provide fast frequency switching with high spectral purity and are widely used in modern spread spectrum wireless communication systems. ROM-based DDFS uses a ROM lookup table to store the amplitude of a sine wave. In this paper, we suggest three new techniques to reduce the ROM size. One new technique uses more number of hierarchical levels in ROM structures. Another techniques use simple interpolation techniques combined with hierarchical ROM structures. A 12 bit sine wave is generated by using these techniques. Experimental results show that the new proposed techniques can reduce the required ROM size by up to 24%, when compared to that of a resent method[1].

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.1999-2005
• /
• 2015

A wind velocity is measured in a weather radar as well as the strength of return echoes from rain clouds. These wind velocities are obtained through estimation of Doppler frequencies in return signals. This kind of Doppler frequency estimation method is called as a correlation method. It is widely used in most weather radars because of less computation time. However, it may cause serious errors if a spectrum is not symmetric. Therefore, in this paper, it is shown that the improved method using 3^rd order phase estimation model yields the more accurate estimation of the average Doppler frequency using various simulated weather data.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.16 no.6 s.65
• /
• pp.486-494
• /
• 2006

The horizontal to vertical (H/V) ratio technique in spectral domain is a common useful technique to estimate empirical site transfer function. The technique, originally proposed by Nakamura, is proposed to analyse the surface waves in the micrortremor records. The purpose of this paper is to estimate spectral ratio using observed data at the seismic stations distributed within Southern Korean Peninsula from the Fukuoka earthquake including 11 aftershocks. The results show that most of the stations have fairly good amplification characteristics in low frequency band. However, some of the seismic stations show one (resonant frequency specific to the site) or several local peaks of amplification factors with narrow high frequency band. Even though the site amplification characteristics are important information, we should be careful to analyse the observed ground motions from the seismic stations which have several very high amplification peaks for the deconvolution of seismic source and attenuation parameters.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.113-119
• /
• 2010

Wireless ad hoc network composed of low power devices has been operated in ISM bands. However, with the growing proliferation of wireless services, these bands are increasingly getting congested. In order to relieve the spectrum scarcity and inefficient spectrum utilization, ad ho cognitive radio was proposed. In this paper we propose the efficient spectrum sensing method to reduce power consumption and detect white space in ad hoc cognitive radio system. The wireless channel between a licensed user and CR systems is modeled as Gaussian channel, the distance between a licensed user and CR systems is assumed differently. Also, the wireless channel among CR systems is assumed as the perfect channel and the distance among CR systems is assumed close distance. CR systems sense the spectrum of the licensed user by using a energy detection method. From the simulation results, spectrum sensing performance of combining sensing result of CR systems with high received energy shows higher than combining sensing result of all CR systems and we can refer to the proposed sensing method in order to perform effective spectrum sensing with low power consumption.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2010

DDC(Digital Down Converter) is a conversion technology to decimate to a lower sampling rate and DDC for the future development of communications technology has the necessary skills. So, it has been recognized in the wireless and the SDR(Software Defined Radio) system as essential components. In addition, research is underway on spectrum sensing for efficient communications environment due to the shortage of frequency resources. In this paper, the DDC systems were analyzed for CIC(Cascaded Integrator Comb) Filter, WDF(Wave Digital Filter), SRC(Sample Rate Conversion) each module. Moreover, we proposed a linkage effectively between DDC system and Spectrum Sensing for improve the efficiency of use of frequency by computer simulations. The simulation results of the DDC system was applied to the spectrum sensing capabilities. Also, performance and complexity of the results were derived and proposed system was the result of the check.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.27 no.3A
• /
• pp.196-204
• /
• 2002

The Sinusoidal Transform Coding(STC) is a vocoding scheme based on a sinusoidal model of a speech signal. The low bit-rate speech coding based on sinusoidal model is a method that models and synthesizes speech with fundamental frequency and its harmonic elements, spectral envelope and phase in the frequency region. In this paper, we propose the 2.4kbps low-rate speech coding algorithm using the sinusoidal model of a speech signal. In the proposed coder, the pitch frequency is estimated by choosing the frequency that makes least mean squared error between synthetic speech with all spectrum peaks and speech synthesized with chosen frequency and its harmonics. The spectral envelope is estimated using SEEVOC(Spectral Envelope Estimation VOCoder) algorithm and the discrete all-pole model. The phase information is obtained using the time of pitch pulse occurrence, i.e., the onset time, as well as the phase of the vocal tract system. Experimental results show that the synthetic speech preserves both the formant and phase information of the original speech very well. The performance of the coder has been evaluated in terms of the MOS test based on informal listening tests, and it achieved over the MOS score of 3.1.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.805-810
• /
• 2019

We present a time-frequency analysis algorithm based on the multitaper method and the state-space frameworks. In general, time-frequency representations have a trade-off between the time duration and the spectral bandwidth by the uncertainty principle. To optimize the trade-off problems, the short-time Fourier transform and wavelet based algorithms have been developed. Alternatively, the authors proposed the state-space frameworks based on the multitaper method in the previous work. In this paper, we develop a real-time algorithm to estimate variances and spectrum using the state-space framework. We test our algorithm in spectral analysis of simulated data.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1985

Two methods for the dynamic analysis of fixed offshore structures subjected to random waves are studied. They are the frequency domain method using the equivalent linearization of the nonlinear drag force, and the time domain method utilizing the Monte Carlo simulation technique for time series of random wave particle velocities and accelerations. Example analyses are carried out for two structures with different structural characteristics and for various wave conditions. A comparison has been made between the results obtained by two methods.