• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.40-46
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• 2014

The hydrogen embrittlement degree of 5 type high strength DP steel charged with hydrogen by electrochemical method was evaluated by small punch test(SP test). After SP test, SP absorbed energy was remarkably decreased from 363 kgf-mm to 209 kgf-mm with increasing hydrogen charging time from 5hr to 50hr at DP5 specimen under the $200mA/cm^2$ current density condition. It was investigated that the decrease of hydrogen charging amount and SP absorbed energy according to the increase of current density and hydrogen charging time had a linear relationship. And it also investigated that the change of bulb height appeared by the SP test was decreased from 1.79mm to 1.59mm with the hydrogen charging conditions. It was supposed that it could be used as indicator of the evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement because of the similar trend of the formal results of SP absorbed energy. From the SEM observation of fracture area by crack in bulb, the morphology of fracture surface according to increasement of the hydrogen charging amount was varied with the cleavage mode.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.5 s.250
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• pp.323-334
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• 2005

Background: Gene therapy is a new and promising option for the treatment of severe myocardial ischemia by therapeutic angiogenesis. The goal of this study was to elucidate the efficacy of therapeutic angiogenesis by using VEGF165 in large animals. Material and Method: Twenty-one pigs that underwent ligation of the distal left anterior descending coronary artery were randomly allocated to one of two treatments: intramyocardial injection of pCK-VEGF (VEGF) or intramyocardial injection of pCK-Null (Control). Injections were administered 30 days after ligation. Seven pigs died during the trial, but eight pigs from VEGF and six from Control survived. Echo-cardiography was performed on day 0 (preoperative) and on days 30 and 60 following coronary ligation. Gated myocardial single photon emission computed tomography imaging (SPECT) with $^{99m}Tc-labeled$ sestamibi was performed on days 30 and 60. Myocardial perfusion was assessed from the uptake of $^{99m}Tc-labeled$ sestamibi at rest. Global and regional myocardial function as well as post-infarction left ventricular remodeling were assessed from segmental wall thickening; left ventricular ejection fraction (EF); end systolic volume (ESV); and end diastolic volume (EDV) using gated SPECT and echocardiography. Myocardium of the ischemic border zone into which pCK plasmid vector had been injected was also sampled to assess micro-capillary density. Result: Micro-capillary density was significantly higher in the VEGF than in Control ($386\pm110/mm^{2}\;vs.\;291\pm127/mm^{2};\;p<0.001$). Segmental perfusion increased significantly from day 30 to day 60 after intramyocardial injection of plasmid vector in VEGF ($48.4\pm15.2\%\;vs.\;53.8\pm19.6\%;\;p<0.001$), while no significant change was observed in the Control ($45.1\pm17.0\%\;vs.\;43.4\pm17.7\%;\;p=0.186$). This resulted in a significant difference in the percentage changes between the two groups ($11.4\pm27.0\%\;increase\;vs.\;2.7\pm19.0\%\;decrease;\;p=0.003$). Segmental wall thickening increased significantly from day 30 to day 60 in both groups; the increments did not differ between groups. ESV measured using echocardiography increased significantly from day 0 to day 30 in VEGF ($22.9\pm9.9\;mL\;vs.\;32.3\pm9.1\;mL;\; p=0.006$) and in Control ($26.3\pm12.0\;mL\;vs.\;36.8\pm9.7\;mL;\;p=0.046$). EF decreased significantly in VEGF ($52.0\pm7.7\%\;vs.\;46.5\pm7.4\%;\;p=0.004$) and in Control ($48.2\pm9.2\%\;vs.\;41.6\pm10.0\%;\;p=0.028$). There was no significant change in EDV. The interval changes (days $30\~60$) of EF, ESV, and EDV did not differ significantly between groups both by gated SPECT and by echocardiography. Conclusion: Intramyocardial injection of pCK-VEGF165 induced therapeutic angiogenesis and improved myocardial perfusion. However, post-infarction remodeling and global myocardial function were not improved.

• The Journal of Korean Society for Radiation Therapy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2002

I. 목적 : 방사선 치료 시 최적화된 체내 선량분포를 얻는 것은 정상조직의 장애를 줄이고 종양선량을 높여 치료 효율을 극대화하는데 매우 중요하다. 본원에서는 병변 부위가 한쪽으로 치우친 head&neck 환자 치료 시 정상조직(tongue)을 보호하기 위해 tongue displacer를 만들어 사용한다. 이에 본 저자는 tongue displacer사용의 치료 유용성을 평가 하고자 한다. II. 대상 및 방법 : head & neck 치료 환자 중 병변 부위가 인체의 정중선(MSP)을 기준으로 한쪽으로 치우친 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 사용된 실험재료로는 C-T (high speed advantage, GE,US), RTP System (3D RTP system, prowess, US), 치과용 인상제 주입기(caulk system, quixx, japan), tongue displacer 등이 있다. 실험 방법은 모의 치료나 planning C-T를 시행하기 전에 치료 환자에게 사용할 개인용 tongue displacer를 치과용 인상제로 자체 제작하였다. 제작 후 모의 치료를 시행하고 3D plan을 하기 위해 planning C-T를 촬영하게 되는데 이때 tongue displacer사용 유. 무에 따라 각각 촬영을 하였다. 촬영된 두 가지의 CT영상을 prowess를 이용하여 3D plan을 하게 되는데 이때의 plan parameter나 beam direction등 plan에서의 모든 조건은 모두 동일시하고 선량 분포 및 DVH(dose volume histogram)값을 비교하였다. III. 결과 : tongue displace의 사용 유. 무에 따른 3D plan상의 DVH 비교 결과 tumor volume 주위의 다른 organ들은 모두 비슷한 양상의 DVH를 보였으나 tongue에 있어서 큰 변화를 보였다. tongue displacer를 사용 시, 미 사용시 보다 tongue의 위치를 변화시켜 치료 부위 외의 tongue에 받는 방사선 피폭 면적을 줄일 수 있었고 그 결과 DVH상의 $50\%$ volume이 $16\%$ 정도 줄어드는 것이 확인되었다. IV. 결론 : tongue에 방사선을 조사하면 방사선 부작용으로 mucositis, ulcer, hemorrhage등의 pain(동통)이 수반되므로 치료환자의 음식물 섭취불량으로 체증감소 등 전신 쇠약으로 이어질 수 있다. head & neck 환자 중에서 병소 위치가 한쪽으로 치우쳐서 있을 경우 인상제를 이용하여 tongue displacer를 만들어서 사용하면 tongue 의 위치를 변화시켜 방사선 조사 야에서 제외시켜준다. 그러므로 방사선 치료 시 tongue의 부작용을 최소화 할 수 있고 환자의 방사선 치료 만족도를 높일 수 있다고 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.381-388
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• 2001

The present study was designed to obtain porcine growth hormone binding protein (pGHBP) improved biological activation as derived mutation in binding site with growth horlnone (GH). A 756 bp of fragment encoding the extracellular domain of pGHBP gene was cloned from the total RNA of porcine fat tissue by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and created mutation in positions 26 and 122 using site-directed mutagenesis method. Position 26 is one and it is near to get on five potential N-linked glycosylation sites located in the extracellular domain of porcine growth hormone receptor known to have a direct influence on combination with GH. Position 122 is known as one of conformational epitope in bovine. It was over-expressed in E. coli using pET-32(c) expression vector and precisely purified by S-protein agarose and enterokinase. In our results, we was obtained pmGHBP of 30 kDa. It suggests to study the effects of the pmGHBP on cell proliferation in vitro and growth rate in vivo after administration.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.136-139
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• 2008

Purpose: Epidural morphine infusion has been used to control pain in cancer patients whose cancer pain can not be controlled high dose intravenous morphine injection. To study the effectiveness and side effects of epidural morphine for the treatment of cancer pain in terminal patients at Hospice Ward, we evaluated the change in morphine equivalent daily dose for effectiveness and complications of epidural morphine infusion. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 24 terminal cancer patients who were treated with continuous epidural morphine between 2001 and 2004 at Hospice Ward of St. Vincent's Hospital. Results: The median of baseline morphine equivalent daily dose was 615 mg, whereas the median dose of initial epidural morphine was 16 mg. The median of morphine daily equivalent daily dose dropped from 615 mg to 274 mg in one week after epidural morphine infusion therapy (P-value=0.000). The median survival from the time of the first catheter insertion was 35 days. In 6 patients, the catheter was removed due to complications, however the catheter was reinserted in 3 patients. Conclusion: Cancer pain management by epidural morphine infusion is very effective method with low rate of severe complication.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.14 no.1_2
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• pp.13-23
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• 1978

1) It was attempted to clarify the sites of action of central (either intraventricular or intracisternal) norepinephrine(NE) and clonidine to cause cardiac slowing and hypotension in urethane-anesthetized rabbits. 2) NE produced cardiac slowing but indistinct effect on blood pressure. Clonidine produced cardiac slowing and hypotension. 3) Intraventricular and intracisternal administration of NE, clonidine, phenylephrine and isoproterenol did not make difference in their effects, except that the onset of cardiac slowing by intracisternal NE was more rapid than intraventricular NE. 4) Upon repeated administration of NE at the intervals of about two hours, blood pressure responses changed to the pressor ones, the cardiac slowing unchanged. By this procedure the cardiac slowing as well as the hypotension by clonidine were gradually diminished. 5) Clonidine, when given during the NE effects were persisting, did not produce the lowering of blood pressure and further decrease of heart rate. NE, when given during the clonidine effects were persisting, produced marked elevation of blood pressure but did not produce further decrease of heart rate. 6) After intraventricular administration of regitine or desmethylimipramine, the cardiac slowing effect of NE and the clonidine effects were not observed, whereas NE produced marked elevation of blood pressure. 7) Reserpinized rabbits showed pressor and cardiac accelerating responses to NE; slight pressor, and little cardiac responses to clonidine. 8) It seems that the cardiac slowing by both clonidine and NE as well as the hypotetsion by clonidine are mediated by the presynaptic ${\alpha}$-adrenoceptor in the brain but the pressor responses to NE and clonidine are mediated by other site(s) than the presynaptic ones.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.266-273
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• 2007

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of highly conserved proteins playing an important role in the functioning of unstressed and stressed cells. The HSP70 family, the most widely studied of the hsps, is constitutively expressed (hsc70) in unstressed cells and is also induced in response to stressors (hsp70), especially those affecting the protein machinery. The HSP/HSC70 proteins act as molecular chaperones and are crucial for protein functioning, including folding, intracellular localization, regulation, secretion, and protein degradation. Here, we report the identification and characterization of the putative amino acid sequence deduced from one cDNA clone identified as heat shock protein 70. The alignment showed that the putative sequence is 100% identical to the heat shock protein 70 cognate (HSC 70) of olive flounder. The 5'-flanking region sequence (approximately 1 kb) ahead of the hsc70 gene was cloned by genome walking and a putative core promoter region and transcription elements were identified. We characterized the promoter of the olive flounder hsc70 gene by examining the ability of 5'-upstream fragments to drive expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) in live embryos.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.47-55
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• 2012

Polyclonal antisera against regional (abdominal and subcutaneous) fats were developed to reduce body fat in rats. Isolation and culture of abdominal and subcutaneous adipocytes of rats were performed for analyzing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration. At the level of 1:1,000 dilution, little antibody reactivity appeared in non-immunized serum whereas both of antisera against abdominal (AAb) and subcutaneous adipocyte plasma membrane proteins (SAb) had relatively strong reactivity till the level of 1:128,000 dilutions. Compared with regional fats, extremely low reactivities of AAb and SAb were detected with PMP of the organs (p<0.001). Both AAb and SAb were most strongly reacted with each adipocyte plasma memebrane proteins and showed statistically (p<0.01) higher cross-reactivities compared with non-immunized serum based on LDH analysis. In conclusion, these results may indicate that the present polyclonal antibodies against regional inedible adipocyte plasma membrane proteins are well developed and have safety in cross-reactivities with body organs.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.03a
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• pp.3-3
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• 2001

전문가의 영역인 인공수정기술을 초보자도 용이하게 수정이 가능하도록 자궁경관 외도구의 영상을 체외에서 육안관찰하면서 수정적기 포착 및 적정부위내 정액 주입 화인이 가능한 축산기술연구소 개발 자가인공수정기의 국내외적으로 실증시험을 통하여 수태율을 알아보고자 수행하였다. 국내에서 직장질법으로 전업수정사가 수정하였을 때 72%(54/75)로써 자가인공수정기로 해당축주가 수행한 결과 67.5%(50/74)와 비교하여 1회 수정수태율이 다소 떨어지는 경향이었으며 품종별 수태율은 한우 61.7%(21/31), 젖소 60.0%(15/25)로 차이가 없었고 4개 지역의 145두에 자가인공수정한 결과 90두가 임신되어 62.0%의 수태율을 얻었다. 중국에서 중국황우를 대상으로 150두를 수정한 결과 1회 수정수태율이 84.6%(127/150)였고, 재차 수정 결과 98%(147/150)로 높은 수태성적을 얻었다.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 1999

융액인상법에 의하여 Nd3+ 이온이 15 at% 주입된 LaSc3(BO3)4 단결정을 성장하였다. 최적의 결정성장 조건하에서 성장된 결정은 결정형이 잘 발달되고 보라색 투명하였다. 편광 현미경에 의한 결정결함 분석결과 성장된 결정 중심부에서 0.1 mm 크기의 기포가 검출되었고, B2O3가 증발하여 결정에 증착된 shoulder 부위에서는 균열이 발생되었으나 body에서는 결함이 검출되지 않았다. X선 회절에 의하여 cell parameter를 측정한 결과 a=7.73 , b=9.85 , c=12.05 , β=105.48o 및 공간군 C2/c의 monoclinic 구조로 분석되었다. 양질의 단결정을 성장하기 위한 결정성장 요소는 회전속도 10 rmp, 인상속도 1.5 mm/h이었다. 성장된 결정은 808 nm에서 강하고 넓은 흡수대와 1050∼1080 nm에 걸친 형광 방출대가 관찰되었다. 성장된 결정을 이용하여 직경 3 mm, 두께 1mm 크기의 micro-chip laser 소자의 제조기술을 확립하였다.