• 프린팅코리아
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.88-89
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• 2010

최근 인쇄시장 내의 용량이 과잉인데도, 일부 회사가 상당 기간 유휴(遊休)상태가 예상되는 인쇄 유닛에 적극적으로 투자하는 모습을 보이고 있다. 정신이 온전한 사람이라면 절반의 기간 동안 놀릴 인쇄 유닛에 왜 돈을 쓴다는 말인가? 일부 회사의 이런 명백한 모순은 판 고르기 시간과 지속적 생산의 성과를 달성하기 위해 지불할 가치가 있는 가격이 될 것이라고 Jo Francis는 전망했다.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.29 no.7 s.326
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• pp.34-35
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• 1996

세계 최초로 CDMA방식의 디지털 이동전화 상용서비스를 성공시킨 한국이동통신 서정욱사장. CDMA방식은 혼신없이 깨끗한 통화가 가능하고 통화비밀이 보장되며 주파수 사용효율을 개선하여 통화용량을 대폭 증가시킬 수 있는 장점을 갖고 있어 서사장의 신기술에의 도전과 개척정신이 높이 평가되고 있다.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.240-244
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• 1996

The effects of chronic treatment with haloperidol on the binding capacities of dopamine(DA) $D_2$-like receptor were investigated in rat striatum and olfactory tubercle. The authors tried to confirm the dose-response effects with usual dose and low dose haloperidol. Rats were treated with haloperidol(0.05, 0.15, 0.5, 1.5mg/kg/day in drinking water) for four weeks. Saturation analysis of the binding of [$^3H$]spiperone to striatal membranes showed that the haloperidol treatment(0.05, 0.5, 1.5mg/kg) induced significant proliferation. The changes of dissociation constant(Kd) were not significant in striatum. The maximal binding density(Bmax) and Kd increased remarkably following the treatment with usual dose haloperidol (1.5mg/kg) in olfactory tubercle. Although there was increasing trend other the treatment with low dose haloperidol, the change of Bmax was not significant statistically. The present findings indicate that low dose haloperidol induces the proliferation of DA $D_2$-like receptor in striatum and interact with the dopaminergic transmission which might underlie the antipsychotic effect. This finding may support the recent clinical suggestion on the low dose strategy in the treatment of schizophrenia.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.98-104
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• 1998

A 12-year-old girl with a 6 year history of childhood-onset schizophrenia required 2 hospitalizations and long-term clozapine trial due to inadequate responses to combinations of typical neuroleptics and traditional treatments of schizophrenic disorder. On admission, she had continuous auditory and visual hallucinations, persecutory delusion, emotional instability, regression of behaviors including temper tantrums as well as specific developmental delays in learning, language, and motor coordination. The clozapine trial significantly reduced most of the positive symptoms, and facilitated in successful discharge from the hospital. During the 4 year clozapine treatment, no significant adverse reactions were noted, and she returned to a structured school setting with minimal degrees of schizophrenic symptoms. From this clinical experience, we suggest that clozapine might be safe and effective in treating treatment-refractory schizophrenic children.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.191-199
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• 2016

Objectives : Despite the increased popularity of highly caffeinated beverages, there is little research examining psychiatric adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among pattern of highly caffeinated beverage intake and depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, suicidal attempt in Korean adolescents. Methods : The data was obtained from the 2014 Korean Youth's Risk Behavior Web-based Study by Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. All participants conducted web-based questionnaire survey. Chisquare test and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the association among highly caffeinated beverage intake pattern, depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and suicidal attempt adjusting for differences in age, gender, academic achievement, socioeconomic status. Results : A total of 71,638 participants were enrolled in this study. Depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and suicidal attempt were significantly more frequent in the group with presence of highly caffeinated beverage intake within 1 week than in non-drinker group(p<0.01). Highly caffeinated beverage intake was significantly associated with suicidal attempt(OR=1.99 ; 95% CI, 1.77-2.22). In addition, depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and suicidal attempt were significantly more common in the group with heavy-drinker who exceed recommended daily intake dose of caffeine than in the group with light-drinker(p<0.01). Heavy drinking of caffeinated beverage was significantly associated with suicidal attempt(OR=4.05 ; 95% CI, 3.02-5.43). Conclusions : We found that highly caffeinated beverage intake was related to more frequent depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, plan, attempt in adolescents. Also, caffeine intake which exceed recommended daily intake dose identified the predictor of suicidal attempt. Our result suggested that clinicians need to be aware of the possible psychiatric adverse effects of highly caffeinated beverage in vulnerable population including young adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean society of biological therapies in psychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.239-246
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• 2018

목 적 : 본 연구의 목적은 치료저항성 뚜렛장애를 가진 소아 청소년들에 대해서 보조운동영역을 표적으로 한 저빈도 반복적 경두개자기자극술의 효과를 평가하는 것이다. 방 법 : 이 연구는 미국정신의학회 진단기준 및 통계편람, 제 4판을 기준으로 뚜렛장애로 진단받은 10명의 소아 청소년(평균연령 $12.56{\pm}1.04$세)을 대상으로 하였다. 모든 참가자들은 1년 이상 지속적으로 충분한 용량의 약물치료를 받았음에도 불구하고 한국판 예일 틱 증상 평가척도(YGTSS) 20점 이상, 임상인상척도(CGI-TS) 4점 이상을 받았다. 참가자들은 보조운동영역을 표적으로 1 Hz 반복적 경두개자기자극 치료를 매일 20분간 받았으며, 총 20회 치료를 받았다. YGTSS, CGI-TS 및 이상반응 체크리스트는 연구 시작 전과 연구 시작 후 4, 8, 12주에 시행되었다. 결 과 : 틱 증상은 연구 12주차까지 호전된 상태로 지속되었으며, YGTSS와 CGI-TS가 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다. 특히 음성 틱 점수의 감소가 운동 틱 점수의 변화보다 전체 YGTSS 점수의 감소에 큰 역할을 한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 전체 10명의 참가자 중 9명이 심각한 부작용 없이 연구를 끝까지 완료하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구는 보조운동영역을 표적으로 한 저빈도 반복적 경두개자기자극술이 치료 저항성 뚜렛장애를 가진 소아 청소년들에게 효과적이고 안전한 치료도구가 될 수 있음을 시사한다. 이러한 반복적 경두개자기자극술의 치료효과를 확정하기 위해서는 보다 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 잘 통제된 연구가 필요할 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.66-72
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• 2022

Clozapine is accepted as the "gold standard" antipsychotics for treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Clozapine rarely causes extrapyramidal syndrome and tardive dyskinesia, which are common with other antipsychotics, and only a transient elevation of hyperprolactinemia has been reported. Despite such clinical usefulness, there are limitations to the use of clozapine due to adverse drug reactions (ADR). Fever is a common in adverse drug reactions associated with clozapine. At initiation of clozapine most fatal ADR such as agranulocytosis and neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with fever, in which case clozapine should be discontinued immediately. However, as benign causes of fever are much more frequent than life-threatening ADR, clozapine should not be discontinued unconditionally in the event of fever during clozapine initiation. In addition, fever may occur at any time during the maintenance of clozapine treatment. In particular, since the risk of pneumonia does not decrease over time, and clozapine has a higher risk of pneumonia than other antipsychotic drugs, it is recommended to adjust clozapine dosage through therapeutic drug monitoring.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2011

Objective: Hyperprolactinemia is common side effect associated with antipsychotics use. Nevertheless, hyperprolactinemia is relatively neglected by clinician. Especially, there is no study related to amisulprideinduced hyperprolactinemia in korea. This study aimed to determine whether amisulpride can be induced hyperprolactinemia in Korean psychiatric patients. Methods: This study methodology consisted of a retrospective review of medical charts and prolactin levels. Serum prolactin levels were measured in 24 Korean patients(12 males and 12 females) with psychosis who were treated over 400mg of amisulpride per day. Results: All patients had hyperprolactinemia. Prolactin levels significantly increased after receiving amisulpride(z=-3.702, p=0.000). The prolactin level was significantly higher in females($156.29{\pm}63.75$ng/mL) than in males($69.04{\pm}39.91$ng/mL) after administering amisulpride(p=0.000). There was a correlation between dosage and prolactin levels(r=0.61, p=0.002). However, there was no correlation between duration of treatment and prolactin levels. Conclusions: Antipsychotics, especially amisulpride can increase serum prolactin levels and may results in short and long term side effects. Routine clinical assessment of initial and additional prolactin level and associated symptoms should be done

• 대한치과마취과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.36-37
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• 2005

1. 술자가 확실히 수련 받을 때 사용하고, 완전히 익숙해진 약제와 술식만을 사용하여야 한다. 2. 치료의 범위와 종류, 정신적인 필요, 의학적인 상태에 따라서, 필요한 환자에게만 제한적으로 사용하여야 한다. 3. 각 환자의 상태를 술전에 충분히 평가하여야 한다. 4. 치료가 시작해서 끝날 때까지 계속해서 Monitoring을 하여야 한다. 5. 적절한 어린이용 응급약물, 장비, 시설을 갖추고 유지 관리하여야 한다. 6. 사용된 약물의 투여시간, 용량, vital sign, 부작용에 관한 문서화된 기록을 남긴다. 7. 수련 받은 인력을 확보하여야 한다, 8. 위험성이 높은 환자응 병원 혹은 병원급의 시설, 장비가 구비된 곳에서 치료한다.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.74-79
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• 2000

Objectives : The dopamine-blocking effects and the associated side effects(amenorrhea, lactation, sexual dysfunction) of classical antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients have been studied for a long time. The purpose of this study was to find out these effects of new antipsychotics(risperidone, olanzapine) in schizophrenic patients treated with clinically relevant doses. Method : Plasma levels of both prolactin and testosterone were measured in 91 schizophrenic patients(28 taking haloperidol, 4-20mg/day ; 31 taking risperidone, 2-6mg/day ; 32 taking olanzapine, 5-20mg/day). Results : In male schizophrenic patients, the prolactin levels of risperidone group($76.44{\pm}38.85ng/ml$) and haloperidol group($60.26{\pm}20.74ng/ml$) had no significant difference, but were significantly higher than that of olanzapine($26.90{\pm}5.36ng/ml$). In female, the prolactin level of olanzapine group($36.66{\pm}17.55$) was significantly lower than those of risperidone($121.7{\pm}48.33$) and haloperidol group($161.66{\pm}37.53$). And prolactin level of risperidone group was lower than that of haloperidol group. While the testosterone plasma level of risperidone, haloperidol and olanzapine in both male and female schizophrenic patients had no significant difference. Conclusions : At doses known to be effective in popular clinical setting, prolactin level in patients taking risperidone was higher than that of haloperidol, while olanzapine showed no significant difference in terms of prolactin plasma level from haloperidol. New antipsychotics may not influence the testosterone plasma level.