Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine (정신신체의학)

Korean Psychosomatic Society (한국정신신체의학회)
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The Relationships Among Highly Caffeinated Beverage Intake and Depressive Symptom, Suicide in Adolescents

청소년의 고카페인 음료 섭취와 우울증상 및 자살의 관계

  • Ahn, In-Young (Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital) ;
  • Seo, Ji-Yeong (Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Dongyun (Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital) ;
  • Lee, So-Jin (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Cha, Boseok (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Bong-Jo (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Park, Chul-Soo (Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Choi, Jae-Won (Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital) ;
  • Lee, Cheol-Soon (Department of Psychiatry, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital)
  • 안인영 (창원경상대학교병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 서지영 (창원경상대학교병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 이동윤 (창원경상대학교병원 정신건강의학과) ;
  • 이소진 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 차보석 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 김봉조 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 박철수 (경상대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학교실) ;
  • 최재원 (서울대학교병원 정신건강의학과 소아청소년분과) ;
  • 이철순 (창원경상대학교병원 정신건강의학과)
  • Received : 2016.09.27
  • Accepted : 2016.11.10
  • Published : 2016.12.31
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Abstract

Objectives : Despite the increased popularity of highly caffeinated beverages, there is little research examining psychiatric adverse effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among pattern of highly caffeinated beverage intake and depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan, suicidal attempt in Korean adolescents. Methods : The data was obtained from the 2014 Korean Youth's Risk Behavior Web-based Study by Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. All participants conducted web-based questionnaire survey. Chisquare test and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the association among highly caffeinated beverage intake pattern, depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and suicidal attempt adjusting for differences in age, gender, academic achievement, socioeconomic status. Results : A total of 71,638 participants were enrolled in this study. Depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and suicidal attempt were significantly more frequent in the group with presence of highly caffeinated beverage intake within 1 week than in non-drinker group(p<0.01). Highly caffeinated beverage intake was significantly associated with suicidal attempt(OR=1.99 ; 95% CI, 1.77-2.22). In addition, depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and suicidal attempt were significantly more common in the group with heavy-drinker who exceed recommended daily intake dose of caffeine than in the group with light-drinker(p<0.01). Heavy drinking of caffeinated beverage was significantly associated with suicidal attempt(OR=4.05 ; 95% CI, 3.02-5.43). Conclusions : We found that highly caffeinated beverage intake was related to more frequent depressive symptom, suicidal ideation, plan, attempt in adolescents. Also, caffeine intake which exceed recommended daily intake dose identified the predictor of suicidal attempt. Our result suggested that clinicians need to be aware of the possible psychiatric adverse effects of highly caffeinated beverage in vulnerable population including young adolescents.

연구목적 청소년의 고카페인 음료(에너지 드링크) 섭취가 급격히 증가하며 사회적인 이슈가 되고 있지만 정신과적인 영향에 대해서는 아직까지 자세히 밝혀지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 청소년의 고카페인 음료 섭취와 우울증상, 자살생각, 자살계획 및 자살시도 간의 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 2014년 수행된 제 10차 대한민국 청소년건강행태온라인 조사에서 자기기입식 설문을 통해 고카페인 음료섭취 유무 및 섭취 용량, 우울증상, 자살생각, 자살계획, 자살시도 경험을 평가하였다. 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 변인들의 관련성을 알아보기 위해 카이제곱 검정을 시행하였고, 우울증상과 자살생각, 자살계획, 자살시도의 위험요인을 파악하기 위해 나이, 성별, 학업성취도, 가족경제수준을 보정하여 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결 과 본 연구에서는 총 71,638명의 자료를 분석에 사용하였다. 최근 1주일 동안 고카페인 음료를 섭취한 적이 있는 청소년이 그렇지 않은 경우에 비해 우울증상(p<0.01), 자살생각(p<0.01), 자살계획(p<0.01), 자살시도(p<0.01) 경험이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았으며, 고카페인 음료 섭취 경험은 자살시도(O.R=1.99 ; 95% CI, 1.77-2.22)의 위험요인으로 나타났다. 청소년 카페인 일일 섭취권고량을 초과하는 고용량 섭취군이 저용량 섭취군에 비해 우울증상(p<0.01), 자살생각(p<0.01), 자살계획(p<0.01), 자살시도(p<0.01) 경험이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았으며, 고용량 카페인 섭취가 자살시도(O.R=4.05 ; 95% CI, 3.02-5.43)의 위험요인으로 확인되었다. 결 론 본 연구에서 청소년의 고카페인 음료 섭취는 우울증상, 자살생각, 자살계획, 자살시도 경험의 증가와 유의한 관련성이 있었으며, 일일섭취권고량을 초과하는 고용량 카페인 섭취는 자살 시도의 위험성을 높이는 요인임을 확인하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 고카페인 음료 섭취가 청소년의 심리적, 정신적 어려움과 관련될 수 있어 주의가 필요함을 강조한다.

Keywords

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