• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.64-79
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• 2010

Students with intellectual disabilities typically have great difficulties communicating their needs and wants and may get frustrated, anxious or show signs of aggressive behaviour. They are often unable to understand the concept of relationships with other people as well. This lack of social communication and interaction leads to poor motivation which increases other areas of difficulty in their lives. Therefore, to teach students with intellectual disabilities, it is essential to find special teaching methods to support their positive behavior. This paper proposes that special educational curriculum for students with intellectual impairments utilize natural environments(forests) and materials. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Educational Programs Utilizing Forests on maladjusted behavior of students with mental retardation and to examine the positive effects of such planning practices. The subjects were middle school students who attended a special school for mentally-retarded students. They were divided into two separate groups- an experimental group and a control group. All subjects received the pre and post test using the same method. This program was applied to the formal educational process of middle school from March 1st to October 30th, 2009. In this experiment the results indicate that the effect of using a natural environment(forest) and the materials within a formal educational curriculum was positive as a type of horticultural therapy and that it supports positive behavior strategies in students with intellectual impairments. The usage of various natural materials including plants and flowers within the natural environments provide students with increased opportunities to participate. Teaching methods including natural materials help teachers engage with their students more easily during routine activities as their interest is already stimulated. This project will help students with intellectual impairments to build skills which enable effective participation and increase independence throughout their lives. This should be embedded into both routine and planned activities of the classroom Also, it offers a needed interior plan for the treatment space through an analysis of psychological factors of how the environment affects students.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.4 no.3 s.8
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• pp.33-43
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• 2005

Traffic condition monitoring system serves as the foundation for all intelligent transportation system operation. Loop detectors and Video Image Processing are the most widely common technology approach to condition monitoring in korea Highways. Lane Usage is defined as the proportion of total link volume served by each lane. In this research, the lane Usage(LU) of two lane link for one day. Interval is 56% : 44%. The LU of three lane link is 39% : 37% : 24%. The LU of four lane link is 25% : 29% : 26% : 21%. These analysis reveal that each lane distributions of link are not same. This research investigates the general concept of lane usage by using collected loop detector data and the investigated that lane distribution is different by traffic lane and lane usage is consistent by time of day.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Asynchronous development of young gifted children by parents' perception. Total 3 groups of 145 subjects from age 30 months to 6 years 10 months old young gifted children's parents participated. The major findings were as follows: (1) The mean developmental characteristics was at a high average level. The developmental subscales tended to be high. The level of verbal understanding/expression tended to be high. It reared as followed; intellectual capacity, emotional maturity, visual-motor coordination, morality, self-behavior control, emotion control, physical development, social development, peer relationship, leadership ability. (2) There were significant differences between intellectual capacity, verbal understanding /expression and physical, social development, self-behavior control, emotion control. There were significant differences between physical development, self-behavior control and emotion control as children got lower. There were significant differences between verbal understanding/expression and visual-motor coordination as children got older. There were significant differences between social development, peer relationship and self-behavior control, emotion control as children got older. Also, there were significant differences between leadership ability and self-behavior control, emotion control as children got older. There were significant differences between morality and self-behavior control as children got older. These findings suggested that young gifted children were in the special needs because of the developmental differences.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.297-312
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• 2007

This study is conducted to evaluate economical value of Jeju grassland and validity of its preservation, and draw up several measures to support. To measure its economical value, this study examined its environmental value and social and cultural value. For environmental value, this study used replacement method while it applied CVM method, a widely used method, to assess social and cultural value and two-level two-best choice selection method, which ask questions by assuming virtual circumstances to avoid reflecting some biased opinions. Jeju grassland has multiple functions-environmental functions such as preventing soil corrosion and flood, handling animal excrement, and purifying air, and social and cultural functions such as promoting physical and mental health and providing recreation places. From the results of the feasibility study, Jeju grassland's annual multiple functions are assessed to have a total $397,115{\sim}418,995$ million won worth. In addition, it is found that Jeju visitors recognize Jeju grassland for its functions to contribute to public interests. That is, they think it can provide attractive views and educational and recreational places and promote emotional development. Especially, many people presented their ideas that it be continuously preserved since it is worthwhile for us and our next generations. To preserve grassland's cultural resource, which create a huge economic value like this, the Government has to support a certain amount of financial aid for turning to a better grassland environment and its maintenance to realize environment-friendly livestock farming on Jeju Island and promote its tourism industry and consequently, add more value to Jeju.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.258-266
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• 2004

An increasing number of educators emphasize the affective domain in learning. Affective and cognitive objectives interact and can not be separated from each other. Good emotions and feelings assist students achieving optimally in the cognitive domain. Emotional intelligence harmonizes well with an affective science curriculum. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of EQ(Emotional quotient) improvement program on students' EQ, science achievement, the science related attitudes, and science anxiety. A pretest-posttest control group design was employed. Subjects were 168 male and female first grade students in a middle school. A control group was instructed with a traditional teaching method, and an experimental group was instructed using EQ improvement program. Two groups were treated for 42 hours during 14 weeks. Two way ANCOVA and correlation analysis was performed using the SPSS. The results indicated that students who received EQ program got higher EQ and their science anxiety was lowered than students who were in a control group(p<.05). EQ program was not significantly effective on science attitude than the traditional instruction but, in the domain 'the enjoyment of science class' it was effective(p<.05). EQ program was significantly effective on students' achievement than the traditional instruction(p<.05).

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.227-234
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• 2011

The purpose of present study was to examine brain functions associated with intention to conceal information. Kubo & Nittono(2009) and Verschuere et al.(2009) studied the intention to conceal information using P300 amplitude. On the basis of these two studies, present study attempted to identify brain area while participants were performing concealed information test. 19 healthy college students participated in fMRI-based concealed information test. Participants' name were used as concealed information. The test was performed in two conditions. In the intention condition, participants were instructed to try leaving their names undetected by suppressing their brain response to it. In the no intention condition, participants performed the test without intention to conceal. The fMRI results showed that the right anterior cingulated cortex (Rt. ACC), and left orbito-frontal cortex (Lt. OFC) activations were greater in the deceptive condition than the truth condition. These finding confirmed that ACC is area a deception-specific process as shown in the previous fMRI study. The OFC activation was also observed in the deceptive condition. The OFC is an area known as associated with emotional response such as anxiety, fear, and guilty. The anxiety induced while participants were intended to conceal information might be related to the OFC activation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3048-3056
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate VHI, V-RQOL, and vocal characteristics of a teacher and singer. 56 subjects were participated in this study (20 subjects are a teacher with vocal nodule, 20 subjects are a singer with vocal nodule, and 16 subjects are normal speakers). All subjects completed the VHI, V-RQOL, and vocal characteristics were measured using CSL 4500(Kay Pentax. USA). 21 subjects completed the VHI, V-RQOL, and vocal evaluation using CSL 4500 twice to assess test-retest reliability. A statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences 18.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL). The VHI and V-RQOL showed that the teacher and singer group were significantly higher than those of the control group in functional, physical and emotional aspects(p<0.05). the acoustic analysis using CSL 4500 showed the teacher and singer group were significantly higher than those of the the control group in fundamental frequency related variables, fundamental perturbation related variables, amplitude perturbation related variables, noise related variable, and tremor related variables(p<0.05). Conclusionally, the teacher and singer group recognized their voice problems as a serious physico-functional aspects.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.23
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• pp.1-17
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• 2011

The paper analyzed the metaphoric expressions appeared in whose cinematic quality has been subjectively recognized on the global stage by winning the Oscar for Best Animated Short Film. Many contents and visual effects of the film were expressed with metaphor. Story and sequence were analyzed through the language system-based 'Conceptual Metaphor Analysis Framework'. In addition, characters have been analyzed through the 'Visual Metaphor Analysis Framework'. The framework is to analyze visual dimensions which are derived when concepts are structuredin animation. This paper has attempted to investigate and reveal patterns how animation self-organizes or how animation self-realizes through linguistic objectives. That is, it is to reveal how animation communicates with the audience from the metaphoric perspective among many conventional ones. In an animated film, metaphor is a fundamental means to connect fragmented images, produce a holistic view and therefore induce creative communication with the audience. The essential motive of metaphor which is expressed in various styles in is modern people's feeling of loss and sense of missing something. Train, bottle top, food, lost-and-found center, in-between space and lost items have significance across the movie. According to an analysis, metaphor offers simplicity and freshness as an aesthetic function. In addition, the metaphor expresses lengthy contents and various meanings implicitly, delivering an economic function. With a creative function, metaphor is a tool to generate new meanings. In other words, an animated film is a medium to inspire and move the general public as a means of communication and thinking, not just an entertainment for young generations. After all, metaphoric expressions have been used to deliver diverse and deep meanings in animated films.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.754-762
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• 2013

This study investigated the relative sweetness of various sweeteners (tagatose, xylose, erythritol, sucralose, and enzyme treated stevia) in milk and instant coffee systems. Additionally, the effects of interactions with other ingredients on the sensory characteristics of milk and coffee were explored. In the case of a banana-flavored milk system, sucrose was added to a concentration of 5%, and the five types of sweetener were added to a concentration of equal sweetness to a 5% concentration of sucrose. For coffee systems, 5.9% sucrose level and sweeteners' concentration equivalent to this level was added. A generic descriptive analysis was performed using ten trained panelists. The results showed that the relative sweetness of all the sweeteners was identical to that identified in the aqueous system, except for stevia in the milk system and in the coffee system with added vegetable cream. For the black coffee system, the relative sweetness decreased for tagatose, erythritol and for stevia. Fat and vegetable cream significantly affected the sensory qualities of milk and coffee, respectively.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 2015

Nowadays, people start to focus on the value of 'Mindfulness' and 'Slowness', instead of the importance of 'Development' and 'Advancement' in their whole life. According to this background, we attempted to find new research opportunities on User Experience(UX) in usage context of 'Erasing'. Through a interdisciplinary literature review on related works regarding the concept of erasing, we tried to understanding the meaning of erasing within the perspective of philosophy, psychology, and human-computer interaction(HCI). We also conducted the contextual inquiry, one of the qualitative research methods to examine the actual usage context and the user's experience, with 79 users who were required to erase something in three usage contexts, including Paper-Eraser condition, Computer-Keyboard condition, and Tablet PC condition. The results indicate that it is important to provide not only effective erasing but also satisfaction for users in the usage-context of erasing. From these attempts, we expect that our findings will be helpful to understand the meaning of the erasing in academic and practical fields.