• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1635-1639
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• 2007

국가적 차원에서 물을 사용하고 통제하는 일은 국민의 생활에 큰 영향을 미치기 때문에 지구상의 모든 나라들은 주어진 여건에 맞게 효율적으로 물을 사용하고 홍수와 가뭄으로부터 국민의 생명과 재산을 보호하기 위해 많은 일울 수행하고 있다. 이와 같이 수자원 관리를 위해서 가장 근본적으로 이루어져야 하는 것이 물이 언제, 어디에, 얼마나 있는지를 파악하여 물이 있는 곳과 물이 필요한 곳을 연계하여 최적으로 물을 공급하고 관리하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 다중목적(이수, 치수, 수질) 적용 기법, 기존 관측소 활용 기법, NARI(Network Analysis for Regional Information) 기법, 지형적 최적 기법 등을 이용하여 하천의 최상류 지점에서 하구까지 모든 지점에 대한 신뢰성 있는 유량정보를 실시간으로 파악할 수 있는 유량측정망을 구축하는데 목적이 있다. 다중목적 적용 기법을 위하여, 수질목적으로는 오염총량제 대상지점을 활용 하였으며, 치수목적으로는 5대강 홍수통제소의 홍수예보 프로그램을 활용 하였고, 이수목적으로는 하천수 사용실태를 조사하여 이를 활용 하였다. 기존 관측소 활용 기법은 5대강 홍수통제소, 지자체, 농촌공사, 수자원공사, 환경부에서 운영하고 있는 수위관측소를 통합하여 중복투자에 따른 손실을 최소화 하고, 최적의 장소에 유량측정망을 구축하는 것이다. NARI 기법은 유량측정망 구축에 있어서 각 지점과의 연계성을 통하여 하천에 흐르는 물의 양을 신뢰성 있게 파악할 수 있도록 분석한 것으로서 하천 상 하류 간의 연계를 통하여 미지의 지점에 대한 유량 값의 유추가 가능하도록 하는 것이다. 지형적 최적 기법은 산간지방, 도시지역, 농촌지역, 산업지역, 상업지역 등과 같이 지형적 특성에 따른 유량측정망을 구축하는 것이다.의 의사결정 지원 도구가 될 것이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 도시유역의 물순환 해석을 위한 일련의 과정, 즉 자료의 조사 및 취득에서부터 물순환 해석 모형을 이용한 정량적 현황파악, 물순환 개선 기법 및 평가를 수행함에 있어 주요 착안점 및 실무에서의 기술적 가이드를 제공하고자 하였으며, 보다 세밀한 도시유역의 물순환 해석을 위하여 우리나라와 일본에서 적용이 활발한 물리적 기반의 분포형 모형(WEP, SHER, SWMM)의 적용사례를 통하여 국내 도시하천의 물순환 해석에 활용함에 있어서의 실질적인 적용절차 등을 제시하고자 하였다. 한다.호강유역의 급격한 수질개선을 알 수 있다.世宗實錄) $\ulcorner$지리지$\lrcorner$(地理志)와 동년대에 동일한 목적으로 찬술되었음을 알 수 있다. $\ulcorner$경상도실록지리지$\lrcorner$(慶尙道實錄地理志)에는 $\ulcorner$세종실록$\lrcorner$(世宗實錄) $\ulcorner$지리지$\lrcorner$(地理志)와의 비교를 해보면 상 중 하품의 통합 9개소가 삭제되어 있고, $\ulcorner$동국여지승람$\lrcorner$(東國與地勝覽) 에서는 자기소와 도기소의 위치가 완전히 삭제되어 있다. 이러한 현상은 첫째, 15세기 중엽 경제적 태평과 함께 백자의 수요 생산이 증가하자 군신의 변별(辨別)과 사치를 이유로 강력하게 규제하여 백자의 확대와 발전에 걸림돌이 되었다. 둘째, 동기(銅器)의 대체품으로 자기를 만들어 충당해야할 강제성 당위성 상실로 인한 자기수요 감소를 초래하였을 것으로 사료된다. 셋째,

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 2008

Landslides cause enormous economic losses and casualties. Korea has mountainous regions and heavy slopes in most parts of the land and has consistently built new roads and large-scale housing complexes according to its industrial and urban growth. As a result, the damage from landslides becomes greater every year. In summer, landslides frequently occur due to local torrential rains and storms. It is critical to predict the potential areas of landslides in advance and to take preventive measures to minimize consequences and to protect property and human life. The previous study on landslides mostly focused on identifying the causes of landslides in the areas where they occurred, and on analyzing landslide vulnerability around the areas without considering rainfall conditions. Thus there were not enough evaluations of the direct risk of landslides to human life. In this study, potentially risky areas for landslides were identified using the GIS data in order to evaluate direct risk on farmlands, roads, and artificial structures that were closely connected to human life. A map of landslide risk was made taking into account rainfall conditions, and a land use map was also drawn with satellite images and digital maps. Both maps were used to identify potentially risky areas for landslides.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

Panax ginseng (Ginseng or Korean ginseng) is one of the most important medicinal herbs in the world. We made a high-quality whole genome sequence of P. ginseng using 'Chunpoong' cultivar, which is the first cultivar registered in Korea Seed and Variety Service (KSVS) with relatively similar genotypes and superior phenotypes, representing approximately 3 Gbp and 60,000 genes. Genome sequence analyses of P. ginseng and related speciesrevealed the origin of Korean ginseng and the ecological adaptation of 18 Panax species around the world. Korean ginseng and American ginseng (P. quinquefolius) are tetraploid species having 24 chromosome pairs, while the other 16 species are diploid species with 12 chromosome pairs. Panax and Aralia are the closest genera belonging to the Araliaceae family that diverged approximately 8 million years ago (MYA). All Panax species evolved as shade plants adapting to cool climates and low light conditions under the canopy of deep forests from Southeast Asia such as Vietnam to Northeast Asia such as Russia approximately 6 MYA. However, through recurrent ice ages and global warming, most diploid Panax species disappeared due to the freezing winter, while tetraploid P. ginseng may have appeared by allotetraploidization, which contributed to the adaptation to cold temperaturesin Northeast Asian countries including the Korea peninsula approximately 2 MYA. American ginseng evolved by the adaptation of P. ginseng in Northeast America after the intercontinental migration 1 MYA. Meanwhile, most of diploid Panax species survived in high-altitude mountains over 1,600 meters in Southeast Asia because they could not endure the hot temperature and freezing cold. The genome sequence provides good basisto unveil the origin and evolution of ginseng and also supports practical gene chips which is useful for breeding and the ginseng industry.

• Maritime Security
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.37-56
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• 2023

Recently, with the rapid development of ICT(Information and Communication Technology) and AI(Artificial Intelligence) technology industries, the emergence of MASS(Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship), which were thought only in the distant future, is approaching a reality. Along with the development of these amazing technologies, changes in the private law sector, such as liability, compensation for damages, and maritime insurance, as well as in the public law sector, such as maritime safety, marine environment protection, and maintenance of maritime order, have become necessary in the field of maritime law. In particular, with the advent of a new type of ship called MASS that does not have a crew on board, the kind and type of liability, compensation for damages, and insurance contracts in the event of a marine accident will also change. In this paper, the general theory about concept, classification, effectiveness and future of MASS and the general theory about concept and various obligations and responsibilities under the maritime law for discussion of MASS are reviewed. Next, in addition, regarding the problems that may occur in the event of a marine accident from MASS, the status as a ship, the legal relationship of the chartering contract, obligation to exercise due diligence in making the vessel seaworthiness, subject of responsibility, and liability for damages and immunity are reviewed from the perspective of maritime law. In addition, in the degree four of MASS, the necessities of further research to clarify the attributable subjects and standards of responsibility in the event of a marine accident, as well as the necessities of institutional improvement such as technology development, enactment and amendment of law and funding are presented.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.517-524
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• 2024

This study aims to train and implement a deep learning model for the fusion of website creation and artificial intelligence, in the era known as the AI revolution following the launch of the ChatGPT service. The deep learning model was trained using 3,000 collected web page images, processed based on a system of component and layout classification. This process was divided into three stages. First, prior research on AI models was reviewed to select the most appropriate algorithm for the model we intended to implement. Second, suitable web page and paragraph images were collected, categorized, and processed. Third, the deep learning model was trained, and a serving interface was integrated to verify the actual outcomes of the model. This implemented model will be used to detect multiple paragraphs on a web page, analyzing the number of lines, elements, and features in each paragraph, and deriving meaningful data based on the classification system. This process is expected to evolve, enabling more precise analysis of web pages. Furthermore, it is anticipated that the development of precise analysis techniques will lay the groundwork for research into AI's capability to automatically generate perfect web pages.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.53-71
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• 2024

Digital transformation calls for a new social contract that must transform the existing norms and paradigms of our society. Digital constitutionalism is a way of building new order through a new social contract and is an ideology that aims to establish and ensure a normative framework for the protection of fundamental rights and balance of power in the digital environment. The Internet/Digital Bill of Rights is a representative example of constitutionalization based on this ideology. Initially, it took the form of an informal, non-binding declaration led by civil society organizations or various stakeholders, setting forth normative principles adapted to the changing nature of digital society. More recently, they have taken the form of formal charters, declarations, or laws containing principles at the national or regional level. The "Digital Bill of Rights" proposed by the Korean government can be seen as an example of this trend, but it does not fully reflect the recent trend of Internet/Digital Bills of Rights in terms of substantive and procedural legitimacy. Even if the government provides a certain normative direction, it needs to be combined with a concrete action plan in each area to create a balance of norms with digital technologies and industries instead of simply being a "declaration".

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.147-175
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• 2020

This study analyzed the effects that digital experience factors influence on purchase intention and the purchase. The study targeted an online shopping mall with a strong digital experience value among industries. The research model was derived by adding variables to independent and mediating variables according to the industry context of online shopping which is based on the theoretical background and previous studies. Product variety, price efficiency, convenience and conversation were used by terms of digital marketing mix as independent variables. Personalization has been very important factor in online shopping malls, and therefore added as a independent variable. Flow has been added as a mediating variable. Purchase and purchase intention has been used as dependent variables. For empirical testing of established research models and generalization of research results, research was conducted on online shopping malls where digital experiences are important. To do this, a survey was conducted for existing users of online shopping malls. In hypothesis testing, the hypothesis was established that product diversity, price efficiency, convenience, conversation and personalization influenced the intention to purchase online shopping. In particular, the product diversity and conversation variable were tested as the most influential factors on purchase intention. For price efficiency and personalization there were no statistically significant effect. Flow has been shown to be a partial mediator between Product variety and purchase intention in online shopping. In particular, in the case of personalization, it was tested to have a significant influence on purchase intention only when there was a flow experience called pleasure and immersion. This is because the flow experience of pleasure and immersion has played a full mediating role and significantly has affected the purchase intention, because the consumers themselves have to carry out the overall purchase journey without human help due to the nature of online. In the digital experience economy, since consumers are mostly digital consumers, where communication and sharing are the basics, they have been conducting digital word-of-mouth communication and sharing naturally before purchasing. Based on these results, theoretical and practical implications were suggested.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.207-220
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• 2008

Tourism in the natural environment grows significantly and in many tropical countries it becomesthe important earning of the nations. Nevertheless, tourism impact to environment and cultural values has become the threats to the sustainability and competitiveness of such industry. Therefore, the appropriate planning and management of tourism destination sites where environmentally and culturally fragile are needed in order to increase economic benefits, sustain local culture and conserve environment in balance. The aims of the paper are to examine tourism practices, to determine socio-cultural and natural resources, and to assess local people perception to cultural landscape and its future tourism development in order to formulate the appropriate strategies to achieve sustainable tourism. A case study was carried out at Tengger highland, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park(BTSNP) East Java. Official documents were gathered and interviews with several key persons had conducted to determine recent status of tourism, resources capital and the existence of local people. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were carried out at Tenggerese villages to explore local people perspectives to tourism development, culture preservation, and cultural landscape conservation issues. It is followed by descriptive analysis of vegetation to assess the recent status of environments based on vegetation information. Our findings reveals that tourism grows significantly at BTSNP, and Tengger Caldera as spiritual and cultural sites for local people become the centre for tourism activities. The abundance cultural and natural resources are the significant capital for sustainable tourism. Tenggerese argues that tourism should be planned to provide benefits to local people, preserve tradition and able to conserve nature in order to ensure the living sustainability of Tenggerese. The overall result of the study provide general feature of recent status of the cultural and natural resources as well as positive society perception in order to establish a strategy for sustainable tourism in cultural landscape.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.61
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• pp.285-305
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• 2019

In the bill of [Act on Certified Detective and Certified Detective Business] (hereinafter referred to as the Certified Detective Act) proposed and represented by the member of National Assembly, Lee Wan-Yong in 2017, the legislative point of view showed that various incidents and accidents, including new crimes, are frequently increasing as society develops and becomes more complex, however, it is not possible to solve all the incidents and accidents with the investigation force of the state alone due to manpower and budget, and therefore, a certified detective or private investigator are required. According to the decision of the Constitutional Court in June 2018, Article 40 (4) of the Act on the Use and Protection of Credit Information is concerned with 'finding the location and contact information of a specific person or investigating privacy other than commerce relations such as financial transactions' are prohibited. It is for the purpose of preventing illegal acts in the process of investigation such as the location, contact information, and the privacy of a specific person and protecting the privacy and tranquility of personal privacy from misuse and abuse of the personal information etc. Such 'privacy investigation business' currently operates in the form of self-employment business, which becomes a social issue as some companies illegally collect and provide such privacy information by using illegal cameras or vehicle location trackers and also comes to be the objects of clampdown of the investigative agency. Considering this reality, because it is difficult to find a resolution to materialize the legislative purpose of the Act on the use and protection of credit information other than prohibiting 'investigation business including privacy etc' and it is possible to run a similar type of business as a detective business in the scope that the laws of credit research business, security service business, the position of the Constitutional Court is that 'the ban on the investigations of privacy etc' does not infringe the claimant's freedom to choose a job. In addition to this decision, the precedent positions of the Constitutional Court have been that, in principle, the legislative regulation of a particular occupation was a matter of legislative policy determined by the legislator's political, economic and social considerations, unless otherwise there were any special circumstances, and. the Constitutional Court also widely recognized the legislative formation rights of legislators in the qualifications system related to the freedom of a job. In this regard, this study examines the problems and improvement plans of the certified detective system, focusing on the certified detective bill recently under discussion, and tries to establish a legal basis for the certified detective and certified detective business, in order to cultivate and institutionalize the certified detective business, and to suggest methodologies to seek for the development of the businesses and protect the rights of the people.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.121-134
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• 2019

This study was conducted to review the trends of forest meteorological studies based on the publications for last 20 years in Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (KJAFM), and to provide insight for future prospect for researches in the field of forest meteorology. A total of 220 papers related to forest meteorology were published in KJAFM for the last 20 years. That corresponds to 33.5% out of all the papers including agricultural meteorology papers. To review the trends of forest meteorology studies, the 220 published papers were classified into seven categories. They are forest meteorology and forest fire, forest meteorology and tree physiology, forest meteorology and forest protection, micrometeorology in mountain area, climate and forest growth, climate and forest vegetation distribution, and climate change and forest ecosystem. Even if there were differences in paper numbers among the seven categories, it was found that various and very specific studies were conducted in the field of forest meteorology for the last 20 years. It was also expected that the accumulation and utilization of various and accurate forest meteorological information would bring remarkable progress of forest meteorological studies in the near future.