• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.135-142
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• 1992

The absorption and excretion times of oxolinic acid(OX) used in farms as new aquatic antibiotics commonly were evaluated with determination of the effects of water temperature and feeding to parameters by using the bioassay technique. On the same time, antibacterial activity and the complex formation of oxolinic acid with serum proteins of two different fishes were compared to those oxytetracycline(OTC). With more than 10 times lower MIC values than those of OTC in the strains among 13 analyzed fish pathogens. OX did not show the decresed antibacterial activity by the binding of serum proteins in carp and tilapia. It implies more powerful potential of OX as aquatic medicine OTC. The serum concentration of OX after different administrations the oral, i.m., i.v and dipping methods were compared. The higher beginning concentration in serum and faster excretion times were obserbed in i.m. and dipping methods respectively. In the oral and i.m. administration, peak serum concentration after 24－48 hrs and slow excretion times demonstrated in both methods. These pharmacokinetic characteristics similar at $30^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ water temperature conditions, however, beginning serum concentration of OX in fish dipped in $50mg/\ell$ sol after starvation for 2 wks was appeared lower than those of fed fish. It suggests the importance of biological condition of the gill or skin for absorption of antibiotics after dipping administration.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.152-158
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• 2023

Staphylococcus aureus (SA) is a common cause of skin and soft tissue infections. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) toxin-producing strain of SA has been discovered worldwide and is known to cause serious infections. However, reports of neonatal infections caused by PVL-positive SA are rare. Here, we report a case of severe skin and soft tissue infection caused by PVL-positive SA in a 7-day-old neonate. The patient was admitted to the emergency room with a history of fever for one day, tenderness, and sensation of buttocks heating. The infant presented with fever, tachycardia, poor general health, progressive tenderness, and edema of the buttocks on the day of admission. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed necrotizing fasciitis involving the skin, soft tissue, and muscles. Specimens drained from the buttock lesions confirmed the presence of PVL-positive methicillin-resistant SA (MRSA), and there was no bacteremia. She recovered after one month of intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainages. One month after discharge, she was rehospitalized for otitis externa and was infected with MRSA again. Considering the PVL-positive strain, the patient was treated with intravenous linezolid and dressing. The patient underwent decolonization therapy in a 0.5% chlorhexidine bath and recovered completely without sequelae. This case suggests that aggressive drainage and antibiotic treatment are essential for PVL-producing MRSA infections, and additional decolonization is needed to prevent recurrence and community spread.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.33-36
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• 1998

Hemagglutinin (HA) titers to SRBC were chronologically observed in chickens orally inoculated at 2 days of age with 5 × 105 oocysts of Cwptosporidium bniLeWi. All the infected chickens exhibited negligible HA titers by 44 days postinoculation (Pl) . The titers were elevated as time progressed. and peaked on day 52 Pl, declined gradually thereafter, and eventually reached to normal titers on day 92 Pl. On the contrary, the titers in uninfected chickens were higher in comparison with infected chickens during the experiment. Chickens infected with the protozoa showed normal oocyst shedding profiles during this period. These data suggest that C. bnilewi infection suppress development of humoral immunity to SRBC in chickens. It is possible that impairment of the bursa of Fabricius by cryptosporidiosis rendered chickens vulnerable to other pathogens.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.1-19
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• 2017

Objectives: The object of this study is to observe the possible ameliorating effects of Nokyongdaebo-tang (NYDBT) on the experimental subacute hemorrhagic anemia (SHA) in rats. Methods: In the present study, SHA in rats was induced by exsanguinations from orbital plexus, and ameliorating effects of NYDBT was observed based on the changes of body and hematopoietic organ (spleen, liver and femur) weights, red blood cell (RBC) related hematological values, smear cytology, histopathological changes and immunohistochemistrical analysis of hematopoietic stem cells in the femur bone marrow, liver and spleen. In addition, the gastrointestinal motility and the surface mucosa thicknesses of remnant fecal pellets in the colon lumen, mucosa thicknesses and the mucous producing cell numbers in the colonic mucosa were analyzed to observe the digestive disorders, especially on the constipation, the major discomfort problems in iron supplement. Results: SHA related abnormal anemic signs were markedly and dose-dependently inhibited by oral administration of NYDBT 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg in a condition of this experiment. In addition, no meaningful changes on the gastrointestinal motilities and mucous component on the colon and remnant feces were noticed in all three different dosages of NYDBT treated rats as compared with intact vehicle and SHA control rats in this study. Conclusions: It, therefore, is expected that NYDBT will be promising as a novel alternative hematopoietic and therapeutic agent for anemia.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2014

The current paper reports on a case of subdural empyema secondary to frontal sinusitis in an otherwise healthy child. Sinusitis is a common and benign condition in most pediatric cases. Because of the widespread use of antibiotics, intracranial extension of pediatric sinusitis is rarely seen today; however, complications (e.g., cavernous sinus thrombosis, orbital infection, meningitis, and subdural empyema) are potentially life threatening. A 15-year-old right-handed male presented with a 3-day history of fever, headache, and left-sided palsy. Computed tomography revealed right-sided subdural empyema with right frontal sinusitis and maxillary sinusitis. A postoperative inpatient neurological consultation was requested 2 months post-surgery due to motor function deficits. The results suggested that early and accurate diagnosis of subdural empyema leads to prompt treatment and a favorable outcome for the patient.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.385-398
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• 2002

The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether stromal cells supporting specific microenvironment for hematopoiesis of bone marrow are affected by toxicants and therapeutic drugs such as antibiotics and anticancer drugs and whether laminin-1 is associated with such effects. SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with 75 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide which is widely used to treat infant's solid tumor, leukemia and myeloma and sacrificed after 3 days, 1 week, 3 weeks or 5 weeks of injection. The bone marrow extracted and paraffin-sectioned was analyzed using immunohistochemical staining. A part of tissues was subjected to electron microscopy following reaction with rabbit anti-laminin antibody, biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with 12 nm gold particles, and staining with uranyl acetate. 1. The bone marrow tissue at day 3 post injection with cyclophosphamide displayed dilated venous sinus, partial necrotic death, and decreased number of hematopoietic cells. Laminin-1 was intensively stained in the reticular and adipose tissues. 2. Up to 5 weeks post injection, laminin-1 was stained at a low level in the stromal tissue of bone marrow and the number of hematopoietic cell was increased. 3. Deposition of the gold particle which represents laminin-1 expression was observed at the highest level in the stromal cells of bone marrow obtained 3 days after injection, and decreased after 1 to 5 weeks. These results suggest that stromal cells which play a role in supporting microenvironment for bone marrow hematopoiesis augment induction of laminin-1 expression and activation upon administration of cyclophosphamide.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1980.05a
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• pp.6.2-7
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• 1980

간장에 공간점유성병변(암, 농양, 낭종성병변, 혈종 등)이 있을 때는 정적간이미징에서 모두 냉구로 나타난다. 따라서 진단적 특이성이 없다. 그러나 감마카메라를 적절히 잘 이용하면 간암과 간농양을 쉽게 그리고 단시간내에 진단 및 감별할 수 있다. 즉 간암이나 간농양이 의심되는 환자에게 핵제제를 이용한 간동맥기에 열구로 나타나서 정맥기에도 계속 더 강한 열구로 나타내게 되며 간섭취기에는 열구의 음영이 점점 약해져서 종말에는 선명한 냉구로 변해 버린다. 그러나 간농양은 간동맥기, 간정맥기 및 간섭취기 모두에게 계속 냉구로 나타나므로 쉽게 간암과 감별진단이 가능하다. 한편 이 검사는 정적간이미징을 위하여 핵제제를 경정맥투여시에 부담없이 시행하게 되므로 루틴화가 가능하며, 앞으로 간암의 조기진단에 크게 기여하리라 확신한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1992.05a
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• pp.38-38
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• 1992

횐쥐 적출 완류부신을 이용하여 neuronal nicotinic(NN) agonist인 DMPP와 M1-muscarinic agonist인 McN-A-343의 카테콜아민(CA) 분비 작용의 차이와 특성에 대해서 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. DMPP (100 $\mu$M)와 McN-A-343(100 $\mu$M)은 부신정맥내로 투여시 유의한 카테콜아민 분비작용을 나타내었다. Mol농도로 비교시 McN-A-343의 CA분비작용은 DMPP의 약 1/5정도였다. DMPP의 CA분비작용은 chlorisondamine이나 desipramine 또는 $Ca_2$$^{2}$-free Krebs ＋ EGTA 관류등의 전처치로 의의있게 억제되었으나, pirenzepine, ouabain 및 physostigmine등 전처치에 의해서는 영향을 받지않았다. 그러나 atropine 전처치시 DMPP의 분비작용은 오히려 증강되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.1349-1355
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of methanol extract of Allomyrina dichotoma larva (MEAL) on carbon tetrachloride $(CCl_4)-induced$ hepatotoxicity in mice. ICR mice were divided into 5 groups [Vehicle control, $CCl_4\;(10{\mu}g/g)$ alone, $CCl_4$ plus a low dose $(50{\mu}g/g)$ of MEAL, $CCl_4$ plus a high dose $(100{\mu}g/g)$ of MEAL]. Silymarin $(2{\mu}g/g)$ was used as the reference in the experiment. Administration of MEAL tended to decrease the serum alanine transaminase (ALT) activity induced by $CCl_4$ treatment in mice. Hepatic concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in a high-dose group of diet decreased to the level of silymarin-treated group. Hepatic activity of glutathione S-transferase in MEAL-treated group was lower than that of $CCl_4-treated$ group. Serum concentration of bilirubin was significantly increased by $CCl_4$ treatment, but MEAL or silymarin recovered the level. These results suggest that MEAL may exert the protective effect against $CCl_4-induced$ hepatotoxicity in mice. However, more intensive studies would be needed to elucidate the protective mechanism of the beetle on hepatotoxicity of mice.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2003

This study was carried out to investigate safety evaluation of IGEs separated and refined from bovine milk and commercial recombinant human IGFs. In order to evaluate toxicity of these samples, acute toxicity test and short term toxicity test were investigated with IGF-I separated and refined from colostrum and commercial recombinant human IGF-I from R&D systems company. for acute toxicity test, we selected recombinant human IGF-I from R&D systems company and establish one control group and three dose-level groups(0, 10, 20 and 50 $\mu\textrm{g}$ per rat). We have intravenously injected tail of rats with selected sample once. After 20 days, pathological cellular tissue analyses were investigated with liver, kidney and spleen of 12 rats in all test groups. However, Morbid tissue and abnormal statistical results were not discovered in all cellular tissues. For short term toxicity test, we selected IGF-I separated and refined from colostrum and establish one control group and three dose-level groups(0, 5, 10 and 15 $\mu\textrm{g}$/day per rat). Rats were orally injected with selected sample once a day during two weeks. After short term toxicity test period, Pathological cellular tissue analyses were investigate with liver, kidney and spleen of 12 rats in all test groups. However, Morbid tissue and abnormal statistical results were not discovered in all cellular tissues. These results suggest that IGF-I treated groups show no significant toxicological findings with changes of body weight, food consumption, water consumption, and pathological findings compared with control groups.