• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.261-269
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• 1998

Induced anisotropy with the energy of $6{\times}10^4\; J/m^3$ is obtained in amorphous Sm-Fe based thin films which are fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering under a magnetic field of 500~600 Oe. Compared with conventional thin films, the anisotropic thin films exhibit a similar "saturation" magnetostriction, but show a very large anisotropy in magnetorstiction which is of significant practical importance due to increased strain at a particular direction. It is shown from a systematic investigation over a wide composition range for binary Sm-Fe alloys that anisotropy is also induced, though small, during a normal sputtering procedure due to the stray field, and the largest anisotropy is observed in the composition range of 25~30 at.% Sm. Furthermore, induced anisotropy is also found to be formed by magnetic annealing, but the anisotropy energy is much smaller than that by magnetic sputtering. This may be because the volume diffusion by which atoms move during magnetic annealing to from induced anisotropy is much slower than the surface diffusion which is expected to be a dominant factor during magnetic sputtering.puttering.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.101-105
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• 2015

Recent theoretical calculations predicted that a system composed exclusively of 3d transition metals without 4d/5d transition metals or rare earth metals can have strong perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) if Fe and Ni layers are arranged appropriately. They considered only Fe-terminated surfaces, noting that Fe/MgO(001) and CoFeB/MgO(001) show strong perpendicular MCA. In this paper, we investigate magnetism and MCA of Ni/Fe(001) surface where Ni layer is positioned at the surface, by using complementarily the first principles calculational methods of Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Package (VASP) and Full-potential Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (FLAPW) method. Comparing results of magnetism and MCA obtained by VASP with the results by FLAPW method, we find the VASP results do not show big difference from results by FLAPW method. Magnetic moments of Fe and Ni are enhanced due to strong hybridization between Fe and Ni bands. MCA of Ni/Fe(001) is parallel to the surface, which implies the surface termination plays a crucial role in determining MCA of a system.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.151-156
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• 1998

코발트계 비정질 합금을 여러 온도 구간 및 시간에 대해서 열처리하며 표면 결정화 현상이 자기 이방성에 미치는 영향을 탐구하였다. 자기 이방성은 비정질 표면의 결정 구조에 민감한 변화를 보였는데 면심입방점 코발트에 많은 결함이 존재할 경우 자기이방성이 최대치를 나타내였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.316-316
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• 2011

제일원리 계산으로 Fe/Pt (001) 표면의 표면상태도를 계산하고 표면상태도로 부터 얻어진 평형 Fe/Pt (001) 표면구조의 자기이방성에너지를 계산하였음. 계산된 표면상태도로 부터 Fe-rich $L1_2$ 구조와 수직 $L1_0$ 구조가 가장 안정한 표면 Fe/Pt (001) 구조임이 밝혀졌음. 제일원리로 계산 된 두 구조의 자기이방성에너지를 관측하여 두 구조의 자기용이축이 모두 [001] 방향으로 정렬 됨을 확인하였다. 자기이방성에너지가 격자 변화와 표면 형성 중 어떤 원인에 의해 발생하는지 판단하기 위해서 표면구조, 벌크구조, 및 표면구조와 동일한 격자상수를 가진 벌크구조를 비교 하였다. 비교 결과에 의해 자기이방성에너지의 주 원인은 표면 형성임이 밝혀졌으며 이를 좀 더 명확히 하기위해 상태밀도함수를 계산하였다. 상태밀도함수 계산 결과 Fe 원자의 $3d_{z2}$ 오비탈의 페르미 준위 아래에서의 상태가 표면이 형성되면서 증가하는 것을 관측하였으며 이는 [001] 방향으로의 자기이방성을 증가시키는 오비탈이므로 표면 형성에 따른 자기이방성에너지 증가는 Fe 원자의 $3d_{z2}$ 오비탈에 의함이 판명되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.193-197
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• 2003

To materialize the magnetoelastic devices, such as a highly functional sensor and a signal processing device, using the Fe base amorphous film which has both excellent soft magnetic and magnetostrictive properties, in this study, a new method to control the magnetic anisotropy of a highly magnetostrictive film using bias stress has been proposed and tested. The film pattern, which was stressed by its substrate bending, was subjected to annealing for relieving its stress. Successively, the compressive stress occurred by flattening the substrate was formed in the pattern. With the introduction of the residual compressive stress, the magnetization of the film pattern was aligned in the transverse direction through magnetoelasic coupling. The magnetic domain structure and magnetization curve of the film pattern of which magnetic anisotropy was controlled by the proposed method were presented to verify the availability of the method.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 이방성 Nd-Fe-B계 자성분말과 바인더로 polypropylene을 사용하여 compound를 제조한 후 사출성형에 의해 이방성 Nd-Fe-B 레진본드자석을 제조하여 자성분말의 함량, 인가자장 및 사출성형 온도에 따른 자기적 특성 및 유변학적 특성을 조사하였다. Torque sensor에 의해 측정한 본 연구에 사용된 이방상 Nd-Fe-B계 자성분말의 최대 분말함량은 70.7vol%이었다. Compound의 자성분말 함량이 증가함에 따라 레진본드자석의 잔류자속밀도와 최대자기에너지적은 증가하여 54vol%에서 최대값을 보인후 다시 감소하였고, 보자력은 변화가 없었다. 54vol% 자성분말 함량 이상에서 잔류자속밀도와 최대자기에너지적이 다시 감소하는 것은 사출성형시 자성분말의 배향도 저하에 기인한다. 이것은 compound의 자성분말 함량이 증가함에 따라 compound의 유동성이 저하되어 사출성형시 자성분말의 이방화를 어렵게 만들기 때문이다. 사출성형 온도가 증가함에 따라 레진본드자석의 자기적 특성은 증가하였다. 이는 성형온도가 증가함에 따라 compound의 유동성이 향상되어 자성분말의 배향도가 증가되었기 때문이다. 따라서 사출성형에 의해 이방성 Nd-Fe-B계 레진본드자석 제조시 자기적 특성을 향상시키기 위해서는 compound의 자성말 함량 뿐만 아니라 compound의 유동성이 중요하게 고려되어야 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.265-269
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• 2005

Exchange bias effect of a various layered thin films were studied by FMR measurment. In plane angular dependence of a resonance field distribution which measured by FMR was analysed as a combined effect of an unidirectional anisotropy and an uniaxial anisotropy. Exchange biased NiFe/IrMn, IrMn/NiFe/IrMn, and NiFe/IrMn/CoFe thin films showed larger unidirectional anisotropy field and uniaxial anisotropy field with compared to that of an unbiased NiFe single thin film. In case of NiFe/Cu/IrMn, the film with thick Cu layer exhibited a similar trend to the unbiased NiFe thin film. NiFe/IrMn/CoFe thin film showed two resonance field distribution due to different ferromagnetic layers. In additon to the resonance field, the line width was also analysed with related to exchange bias effect.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.329-333
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• 1996

We have studied the magnetoresistance and the magnetic anisotropy of Cu/(NiFe/Ni/NiFe) metallic multi layers grown on Si(100), Si(111), $4^{\circ}\;tilt-cut\;Si(111)$ or glass substrate. When the multilayer was grown on $4^{\circ}\;tilt-cut\;Si(111)$ with $50\;{\AA}$ of Cu underlayer, an in-plane uniaxial anisotropy was observed. On the other substrates such as Si(100), Si(111) or glass with Cu underlayer, however, no appreciable anisotropy was shown. The multilayer grown with NiFe or Ni underlayer or without underlayer did not show any arnsotropy even on $4^{\circ}\;tilt-cut\;Si(111)$. When $10\;{\AA}$ of NiFe was deposited prior to the Cu underlayer, the anisotropy in Cu/(NiFe/Ni/NiFe) multilayer disappeared.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 1991

A measurement system for magnetic anisotropy was built. The torque acting on the disc or sperical samples placed in uniform magnetic field was detected with a capacitive transducer which is connected with a transformer ratio-arm bridge. The output of the bridge was amplified with a lock-in amplifier. The cubic anisotropy constant for (100) of 3% Si-Fe was $3.3{\times}10^{4}\;J/m^{3}$. The calibration for the system was carried out with the shape anisotropy of a thin Ni wire.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.206-207
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• 2004

수직자기이방성을 갖는 [Co/Pt]$\times$5 다층박막을 상온에서 이온빔 증착(ion beam deposition)법으로 제작하여 자기적 및 열적 특성을 연구하였다. 수직자기이방성 특성은 비정상 홀(Hall)-전압법으로 측정하였으며, 표면광 Kerr 효과로 확인하였다. $[Co(10{\AA}/Pt(12.5{\AA})]{\times}5$) 다층박막에서 수직자성 보자력은 400 Oe이었고 수평자성은 매우 큰 곤란축(hard-axis) 특성을 유지하였다. 진공 열처리 시 1 kOe의 균일한 자기장이 박막면 수평(시료 A)과 수직(시료 B)이 되도록 각각 인가함에 따라 열적안정성을 관찰하였다. 시료 A의 수직자성의 보자력이이 $300^{\circ}C$에서 1 KOe로 유지되어 시료 B의 열적안정성 보다 훨씬 우수하였다.