• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.90-102
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• 1996

This study is a descriptive survey research to investicate the relation between the performance of self-care behavior and degree of self-efficacy by evaluating them respectively. The subjects were consisted of seventy nine tuberculosis patients registered in two different public health care centers in the city of Kwangju from April 1st to 30th June, 1995. The results were as follows : 1) Demorgraphically, the proportion of males was$(59.5\%)$, the highest proportion of age group was twenties with $(31.6\%)$, the higest proportion of the patients graduated high school. the married was much more than the single$(51.9\%)$. The highest proportions in each variables were as followes : middle class in economic status with $70.9%$, the jobless in job status with $26.6\%$. the duration less than 6 months in ailing duration with $63.3\%$. The patients of $60.8\%$ and $74.7\%$ showed no family history and received no health education respectively. 2) The average drgree of self-care behavior was 3.44 points (1-5 points). 3) The average dregee of recognized self efficacy was 78.18 points(10-100points). 4) The recognized self efficacy showed close relationship with the performance of self-care behavior (r=0.6378. p<0.001) 5) The points of performance of self-care nursing behavior showed statistical significance in the variables of martial status. duration of treatment and economic status. (F=3.142. p<0.05), (F=3.701. p<0.05). (F=6.213. p<0.01) 6) The point of self efficacy showed statistical significance in the variables of sex. degree of education and marital status. (F=5.438. p<0.05), (F=4.28. P<0.01), (F=2.899, p<0.05) These results suggest as follows: 1) It is necessary to develop a program to improve the ability of self health care for the family member as well as the patient. 2) It is necessary to do further study on much more variables that influence on the performance of self-care behavior by expanding the number of subjects and duration of study. and to evaluate the self efficacy with time interval.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 2004

This study focused on individual health education for people with hypertension who were being seen in public health centers. The program was an adjusted intervention program that considered the characteristics of each individual and reflected the individual's will to change. Each individual had a different lifestyle with different characteristics and habits so the study considered these individual's characteristics. A comparison was done of knowledge related to hypertension, self-efficacy, and self-care in these individuals. In order to determine the effectiveness of education given by the nurses the variables were measured before and after the individual health education program. The participants in this study were 85 people with hypertension who were seen at a public health center in G city. They were assigned to an experimental group (43) and a control group (42). A tool developed by Park Young-Im (1994) was used to measure knowledge related to hypertension and self-efficacy. A tool developed by Lee Young-Whee (1994) was used for self-care. Data collection was done for 10 weeks from March 24 to May 31, 2003 using interviews with questionnaires. The following is a summary of the results of the study. Hypothesis 1, 'the experimental group which had the individual health education will have higher knowledge scores on hypertension than the control group that did not have the individual health education' was supported (t=4.17, P=0.00). Hypothesis 2, 'the experimental group which had the individual health education will have higher self-efficacy scores than the control group that did not have the individual health education' was supported (t=4.06, P=0.00). Hypothesis 3, 'the experimental group which had the individual health education will have better self-care ability than the control group that did not have the individual health education' was supported (t=4.94, P=0.00). Based on the results of this study, the public health centers should develop an educational program that uses a variety of visual aids and assess the effects of the education on patients with different chronic diseases. After the development of an inclusive education program which will standardize health education effectively and provide a variety of teaching methods, study is needed to measure changes in lifestyle after education and to determine how much knowledge related to hypertension, self-efficacy, and self-care increase

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.242-254
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was designed to test structural equation modeling of the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community in order to provide guidelines for development of intervention and strategies to improve their quality of life. Methods: The participants in the study were elderly who visited the public health center in C rural between May 30 and september 15, 2017. Data collection was carried out through one-on-one interviews. Demographic factors, knowledge, Attitude, Self-Efficacy, social support, accessibility, request for Information, health practice, depression, subjective memory complaints, dependence scale and quality of life were investigated. Results: The final analysis included 192 elderly. Fitness of the hypothesis model was appropriate(χ²=192.89, p=.000, GFI=0.90, SRMR=0.08, NNFI=0.94, CFI=0.95, PNFI=0.72, RMSEA=0.07). Depression, subjective memory complaints and dependence were found to be significant explaining varience in quality of life. Social support, dementia preventive behavior and health practice had an indirect effect on the quality of life. Conclusions: To improve the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community, comprehensive interventions are necessary to manage knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, social support, health practice, depression, subjective memory complaints and dependence that can contribute to enchance the quality of life of elderly diagnosed dementia living in the community.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.232-242
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• 2008

- Abstract - Objectives: We examined the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) case management program developed by National Health Insurance Corporation in Korea. Methods: One trained nurse performed the case management for 30 DM patients recruited through the reimbursement information of National Health Insurance in a rural community. The case manager had four home visits and two telephone calls for 12 weeks. We evaluated the effectiveness of the program in terms of self-efficacy, self-care behaviors and glyco-metabolic control. Results: The self-efficacy score was significantly increased from 70.0 of pre-intervention to 80.5 of post-intervention (p<0.001). The self-care score was also significantly increased from 2.86 to 3.60 (p<0.001). The scores of its components such as nutritional care, self-test of sugar level, foot care, oral care, and aerobic exercise were significantly improved (p<0.001). However, the improvement of score in medication management was statistically marginal (p=0.071). The fasting blood sugar level and HbA1c level was significantly decreased from 128.6 mg/dl to 114.5 mg/dl (p<0.001) and from 6.78 % to 6.54 % (p<0.001) respectively. Conclusions: The case management program was effective to improve the self-efficacy and self-care behaviors, and to control blood sugar level in DM patients.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.294-300
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the status of visual health behavior of school-age children and to identify the predicting variables of the school-age children's visual health behavior. Method: The subject was 764 children in grades 4 to 6, enrolled in 2 elementary schools located in urban area. The data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression. Result: The findings were as follows: 1. The mean of the score of the visual health behavior of school-age children was 41.59(SD=7.22) and there was a significant difference according to grade. 2. There were significant correlations between visual health behavior and self-efficacy for visual health behavior (r=.51, p=.000), motivation for visual health(r=.45, p=.000), perceived benefits(r= .34, p=.000), self-concept(r=.32, p=.000), knowledge of visual health(r=.30, p=.000), health perception for vision(r=.16, p=.000), health locus of control(r=.11, p=.002), and perceived barriers(r=.-.12, p=.000). 3. Self-efficacy for visual health behaviors, knowledge of visual health, motivation for visual health, self-concept, health perception for vision, and perceived benefits were identified as predictor variables of the visual health behavior of the school-age children from the stepwise multiple regression analysis. The total percent of variance accounted by these 6 variables were 36.9％. Conclusion: From the result, it is suggested that the development of comprehensive visual health education program including the component of self-efficacy, health motivation and self-concept to promote the visual health of school-age children.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-183
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify child-rearing practices and parenting efficacy of Marriage-Immigrant Women. Methods: The research design was a descriptive study using self-report questionnaires. Data were collected from May 16 to December 30, 2008. Marriage-immigrant women (n=186) were recruited in G Province, C Province and P city. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and correlation coefficients with SPSS 14.0 were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean score for child-rearing practices was $40.61{\pm}6.67$ and there were significant differences in child-rearing practices by nationality, and Korean language ability. The mean score for parenting efficacy was $67.67{\pm}12.14$ and there were significant differences in parenting efficacy by age, nationality, marital period, age of first child and Korean language ability. There were significant positive correlations between child-rearing practices and parenting efficacy (r=.227, p=.002). Conclusion: In this study, marriage-immigrant women showed a moderate level of child-rearing practices and parenting efficacy. Because child-rearing is mainly the mother's role in the family, knowledge, attitudes to child-rearing and parenting efficacy of mothers influence child-rearing practices and these then, affect children's health. Therefore child-rearing educational programs for marriage-immigrant women should be developed to support the mothers' child-rearing practices and improve parenting efficacy.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.189-196
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between smoking status, stress, self-efficacy for smoking cessation and the health promoting behaviors of students who want to quit smoking. Methods : Data was collected in 2018 from 143 college students (101 males and 42 females) who were enrolled in the health clinic of N university. The average age was 21.95 years. Multiple regression analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to analyzed the factors affecting health promoting behavior and the correlations between variables. Results : There were statistically significant correlations between stress and the following factors: smoking motivation (r=.323, p<.001), smoking behavior (r=.329, p<.001), and health promoting behaviors (r=-.312, p=.006). There were statistically significant correlations between Self-efficacy for smoking cessation and following factors: smoking motivation (r=-.278, p<.01), smoking behaviors (r=-.313, p<.001), and stress (r=-.324, p<.001). Health promoting behaviors were negatively correlated with smoking motivation (r=-.345, p<.05), smoking behaviors (r=-.312, p<.01), and stress (r=-.265, p<.001). Self-efficacy for smoking cessation was positively correlated with health-promoting behaviors (r=.421, p<.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the following factors exert a significant influence on health promoting behaviors: smoking motivation (${\beta}=-.376$, p=.001), smoking behaviors (${\beta}=-.233$, p=.008), stress (${\beta}=-.278$, p=.006), and self-efficacy for smoking cessation (${\beta}=.403$, p=.000). Conclusion : The results of this study suggest that it is important to provide basic data for the development of a program for the health-promoting behaviors of university students who want to quit smoking a smoking cessation clinic at the university health clinic. However, since only some college students were included in the study, there are limitations in generalizing the results.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 2000

Coronary intervention is now a well established method for the treatment of coronary artery disease. Coronary restenosis is one of the major limitations after coronary intervention. So medical teams advise the patients to get the follow-up coronary angiogram in 6 months after coronary intervention to know if the coronary artery stenosis recurs or not. This study was done in order to know how many patients complied with the advice, and to identify the relative factors to the compliance with getting the follow-up coronary angiogram. The subjects were 101 patients (male: 58 female: 22, mean age: $61{\pm}15$), who received coronary interventions from Jan. 1st to Mar. 31st 1997, and their data were collected from them by questionnaires one year after intervention. The questionnaires consisted of family support scale, self efficacy scale and compliance with sick role behavior scale. The result may be summarized as follows. 1. The number of patients who complied with getting the follow-up coronary angiogram were 37 people(36.6%) and did not comply with it were 64 people(63.4%). All scores of family support(t=5.56, p<.0001), self efficacy (t=4.13, p<.0001) and compliance with sick role behavior(t=5.66, p<.0001) were significantly higher in the patients who got the follow-up coronary angiogram than in those who did not get it. But there was not any relative factor in demographic variables (p>.05). 2. The major motivations for getting follow-up coronary angiogram were recurrence of subjective symptom(40.5%), the advice of medical team(32.4%), and fear of recurrence (27.1%). The restenosis rate in patients who got the follow-up coronary angiogram was 37.8%. 3. The restenosis rate was higher in the patients who had subjective symptoms than in those who did not have any subjective symptom. So subjective symptom and restenosis rate showed a high positive correlation(r=39.9, p<.001). However, 27.2% of the patients who did not have any subjective symptom showed coronary restenosis. 4. The reasons why they did not get the follow-up coronary angiogram were economic burden(37.5%), improved symptom(34.4%), busy life schedule(10.9%), fear of invasive procedure(9.4%), negative reaction of family member(3.1%), no helper for patient(3.1%) and worry about medical team's mistake (1.6%). The relative fators on compliance with getting the follow-up coronary angiogram after coronary intervention were family support, self-efficacy and Compliance with sick role behavior. And the most important reason why the patients did not get the follow-up coronary angiogram after coronary intervention was an economic burden.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.5-20
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop health promotion programs for middle aged women and to identify the adaptability and the effectiveness of the program in order to provide a model for health promotion programs as a basis for nursing intervention. The research design was a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control-group pretest -posttest design. The data were collected from October 30 to December 11, 1996. The study subjects were middle aged women residing in Chonju city, with ages from 40 to 59. The experimental group consisted of 42 subjects who were recruited through announcements of the local newspaper. The control group consisted of 49 subjects who were mothers of nursing college students. The health promotion program for middle aged women was based on the Bandura's self efficacy theory and Pender's heath promotion behavior theory consisting of exercise and heath diaries as performance accomplishments as well as education and group sessions as verbal persuasion and vicarious experiences. The study program was provided for 6 weeks, 3 hours a day per week. There was a pretest before the program and a posttest after the 6 week program. The instruments used for the study were a Self Efficacy Scale and a Health Promotion Behavior Scale developed by Park(1995). The data analysis was done by the use of a SPSS/PC. The study results were as follows: 1. In the analysis of the homogeneity between the experimental and control groups, there were significant differences in the socio-demographic characteristics, self efficacy and health promotion behavior. There were significant differences between the experimental and control groups in occupation, the number of children, and the status of involvement in social activities. 2. The first hypothesis, 'The level of self efficacy of the experimental group will be higher than that of the control group.' was supported(F=10.154, p=.002). The second hypothesis, 'The degree of health promotive behaviors in the experimental group will be higher than that of the control group.' was supported(F=17.349, p=.000). 3. There was a significant positive correlation between the self efficacy and the health promotion behaviors in pretest and posttests (pretest: r=.732, p=.000 ; posttest : r=.754, p=.000). 4. The significant variables for health promotion behaviors were religion(t= -1.97, p=.05), family income(F=4.85, p=.00), education level (F=6.38, p=.00) and involvement in social activities(t= -3.06, p=.00) in socio-demographic characteristics. In summary, a heath promotion program based on self efficacy theory has made an improvement on health promotion behaviors. Also, the results show that the higher the level of self efficacy, the better the health promotion is in middle aged women. The study has proved that nurses can provide nursing intervention for the improvement of health promotion in middle aged women through the adaptation of a program increasing the subject's self efficacy level.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.632-652
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• 1996

It has been noted that a genetic alteration of cells influenced by unhealthy lifestyle in addition to a series of other carcinogens increases the incidence of various neoplasmic diseases. Therefore the importance of a lifestyle that minimizes such an impact on health should be emphasized. Since stomach cancer, the most common neoplasmic disease in Korea, is related to personal lifestyle and as there is a possibility of its recurrence, patients with stomach cancer need to lead a healthy lifestyle. Also the quality of life which patients experience is negatively affected by the side effects of treatments and the possibility of recurrence. Therefore an effective nursing intervention to enhance quality of life and encourage healthy lifestyle is needed. The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for nursing intervention strategies to promote health and thus enhance quality of life. A hypothetical model for this purpose was constructed based on Pender's Health Promotion Model and Becker's Health Belief Model, with the inclusion of some influential factors such as hope for quality of life and health promoting behavior. The aims of study were to : 1) evaluate the effectiveness of patient's cognitive-perceptual factors on health promoting behaviors and quality of life ; 2) examine the causal relationships among perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived susceptibility and severity, internal locus of control, perceived health status, hope, health concept, self efficacy, self esteem health promoting behaviors & quality of life ; 3) build and test a global hypothetical model. The subjects for this study were 164 patients who were being treated for stomach cancer were approached in the outpatient clinic on a University Hospital. The data from the completed questionnaires were analyzed using Linear Structural Relationships (LISREL). The results of research are as follows : 1) Hypothetical model and the modified model showed a good fit to the empirical data, revealing considerable explanational power for health promoting behaviors(54.9%) and quality of life(87.6%) 2) Self efficacy and hope had significant effects on health promoting behaviors. Of these, hope was affected indirectly through self efficacy and self esteem. 3) Perceived health status, hope and self esteem had significant direct effect on the quality of life. Of these variables, perceived health status was the most essential factor affecting general satisfaction in life. 4) Self-efficacy, as a mediating variable, was positively affected by perceived benefit and hope. 5) Self-esteem, as a mediating variable, was positively affected by perceived health status and hope. 6) Hope was the main variable affecting self efficacy, self esteem, health promoting behaviors and quality of life. The derived model in this study could effectively be used as a reference model for further study and could suggests a direction for nursing practices