• Title/Summary/Keyword: 임신 전

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A Study of the Experiences of Unwed Mothers in Interaction with Public Service Professionals: Focusing on the Experiences during Pregnancy, Birth and Child Caring (미혼모들의 경험을 통해 본 공공서비스 전문가들의 미혼모들에 대한 인식: 임신과 출산, 보육 과정에서의 경험을 중심으로)

  • Sung, JungHyun;Kim, HeeJoo;Lee, MeeJung;Park, YoungMee
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.16 no.8
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    • pp.404-418
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    • 2016
  • This study aimed to explore negative experiences of unwed mothers in interaction with medical professionals, government officials and nursery teachers who have negative stereotypes about the unwed mothers and to seek ways of improving awareness and attitudes of the professionals. Researchers conducted individual and focus groups interviews with 15 unwed mothers. The results showed that unwed mothers experienced the violation of their maternal and privacy rights and inhospitable services in the interaction with medical professionals. They also had similar experiences with government officials who often had overbearing and discriminatory attitudes toward these mothers, and hardly received useful information. Last, unwed mothers had deep concerns about possibilities and experiences of discrimination against their children by nursery teachers and other parents in day care centers. In conclusion, this study discussed ways of improving awareness and attitudes toward unwed mothers through various medias and supplementary educations.

Study on the Regulation of KAP3 Gene Involved in the Brain Sexual Differentiation by DDT during the Critical Period of Fetal and Neonatal Age (출생 전.후 뇌의 성분화 결정시기에 DDT에 의한 KAP3 유전자 조절에 대한 연구)

  • 강한승;전부일;최은정;이병주;이채관;강성구
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.95-100
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    • 2000
  • A large number of man-made chemicals that have been released into the environment have the potential to disrupt the endocrine system of animals and humans. There is a critical developmental period during which sexual brain differentiation proceeds irreversibly under the influence of gonadal hormone. Recently we identified KAP3 gene expressed during the critical period of rat brain sexual differentiation. KAP3 functions as a microtubule-based motor that transports membranous organelles anterogradely in cells, including neurons. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of endocrine disrupter, Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), on the KAP3 gene expression during critical period of rat brain development. Maternal exposure to DDT increased the level of KAP3 mRNA in male and female fetus brains when examined on the gestational day 17 (GDl7). In postnatal day 6, DDT suppressed the expression of KAP3 gene in male and female rat brain. Also, the body weight and fertilization rate were decreased in the DDT exposured rats. These results showed that endocrine disrupter, DDT, can affect the transcriptional level of brain sexual differentiation related gene, KAP3, in the prenatal and the neonatal rat brain and that maternal exposure to endocrine disruptors may lead to a toxic response in embryonic differentiation of brain. And so KAP3 gene may be used a gene maker to analyse the molecular mechanism for toxic response in animal nerve tissues exposed to endocrine disruptors.

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소 수정란이식에 있어서 효율적 발정동기화 처리법에 관한 연구

  • 윤종택;이호준;최은주;정경섭;신용순;민관식;이종완
    • Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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    • 2003.06a
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    • pp.93-93
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    • 2003
  • 소의 수정란이식에 있어서 성공적인 임신을 위해서는 수란우의 적절한 영양상태, 양질의 수정란, 이식 시술자의 기술력과 수란우와 수정란의 적절한 동기화가 필수 요인이라 사료된다. 특히, 적절한 동기화를 위해서 발정관찰은 필수적이지만 번거롭고 장시간동안 관찰을 해야 하는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 단점을 보완할 수 있도록 발정동기화 처리방법을 비교, 검토하여 수정란이식에 있어서 효과적인 발정동기화 방법을 모색하고자 실시하였다. 발정동기화 방법은 Fig 1과 같이 CIDR처리방법(A군)과 GnRH 처리방법(B군)을 사용하였으며, 황체의 등급은 직장검사와 초음파 진단기를 이용하여 직경이 2cm 이상, 1~2cm와 1cm 미만의 황체를 각각 1등급, 2등급과 3등급으로 분류하였다. 또한 본 실험에 공시된 수정란은 체외 생산된 한우 배반포기의 수정란을 사용하였으며, 1등급의 황체를 가진 수란우만을 선별하여 비외과적인 방법으로 황체가 존재하는 자궁각심부에 이식하였다. 임신진단은 이식 후 45~60일에 직장검사와 초음파진단을 이용하여 실시하였다. 발정동기화처리결과는 Table 1에서 보는 바와 같이 A군과 B군에서 발정발현율이 각각 100%와 96%로 나타났으며, 이식하기에 적합한 1등급 황체의 출현율이 65.4%와 56%로 A군에서 다소 높게 나타났다. 발정동기화 처리방법에 따른 수정란 이식 후 수태율은 A군에서 신선란과 동결란일 때 각각 66.7%와 60%로 나타나 B군의 22.2%와 0%의 결과보다 유의적으로 높은 결과를 나타내었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과로 미루어 볼 때 수정란 이식을 위한 발정동기화 방법은 CIDR 처리방법을 적용하는 것이 GnRH 처리방법 보다 효율적이라 사료된다.다. 특히 기능황체에서의 특이적 발현 spot을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들로부터 황체의 progesterone분비기능의 역할을 수행하기 위한 단백질들이 전, 중기에 발현된다는 것을 알 수 있고 퇴행황체에서는 발현이 안되고 있는 것을 알 수 있다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 다른 양상을 띤 spot을 분리하여 어떤 단백질인지를 분석하여 각각의 황체단백질의 특성을 규명할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.적율(HCT)을 이루고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 적혈구 평균용적(Mean Corpuscular Volume ; MCV), 평균적혈구혈색소량(Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ; MCH), 평균적혈구혈색소농도(Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration ; MCHC) 그리고 혈소판(Platelets) 분석결과 형질전환돼지가 일반돼지보다 약간 높은 수치를 나타냈으며 변화양상 또한 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 시험분석결과를 토대로 사람 조혈촉진유전자(hEPO)가 형질전환된 돼지는 유즙으로 발현할 수 있도록 형질전환 되었음에도 불구하고 헤모글로빈 및 적혈구가 증가함으로서 형질전환돼지 개체의 혈장으로도 사람 조혈촉진인자가 분비하고 있음을 간접적으로 알 수 있었다. 정상돼지 보다 형질전환돼지가 약 30% 높은HCT 수준을 보였으며 이러한 현상은 사람에서는 적혈구증다증(erythrocytosis)으로 분류되고 있다. 이에 대한 고찰은 형질전환돼지 자체의 생리적 문제점(side effects)에 대한 해결과 더불어 기존의 인간질병에 대한 모델동물로서의 이용 가능성을 제시할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.mu\textrm{m}$ 300BG는 56.32$\mu\tex

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Factors affecting radiation safety management of dental hygienist and anxiety of radiation exposure (치과위생사의 방사선 안전관리 실태 및 피폭 불안감에 영향을 미치는 요인)

  • Lee, Hye-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.432-439
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the knowledge, attitudes, safety management behavior, and radiation anxiety of dental hygienists and to analyze affecting factors in order to improve the level of radiation safety management and reduce anxiety. The study period consisted of 280 dental hygienists working in Jeollabuk-do from September 10 to October 31, 2017 using the SPSS 12.0 program, frequency, descriptive statistics, and multiple regression analysis. The average knowledge level of radiation quality control was 8.07, and the correct answer rate was 75.3%. The attitude level was 96.1%, and the radiation safety management behavior was 4.11 for the photographer and 4.58 for the 'always wear a TLD (personal dosimeter) during radiography'. Patient radiation safety management behavior was 3.86, and the highest was '4.69' to confirm pregnancy of the woman before radiography. Radiation-covered lining was 3.86, and was the highest at 4.13 for 'I am concerned about fetal health when I am pregnant'. Factors affecting radiation exposure anxiety were lower radiation safety management behaviors, lower age, lower radiographic experience, higher educational background, higher monthly income, and higher job title (p<0.05). Based on the above results, dental hygienists had strong knowledge, attitudes, and safety management practices for radiation quality control. However, since anxiety related to radiation exposure was high, it is possible to improve radiation safety management level and reduce radiation exposure anxiety.

Effect of Various Factors on Viability of Calves Derived from Embryos Produced In Vitro (체외수정란에서 유래한 송아지의 생존에 미치는 각종 요인들)

  • Park Y. S.;Park H. D.
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 2005
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of various factors such as recipient parity, delivery season, offspring number, pregnancy period, delivery type, midwifery type and dystocia, on the viability of calves derived from embryos produced in vitro. There was no difference in the abnormality of calves among treatments ($0\~25\%$, respectively). The incidence of a disease was significantly higher in delivered by multiparous $(40\%)$ than nulliparous$(9.9\%)$, in eutocia than dystocia group, in delivered on spring $(20.4\%)$ and winter $(22.7\%)$ than summer$(4.3\%)$ and autumn $(0\%)$, in single offspring $(18.4\%)$ than twin offsprings $(6.7\%)$, and in eutocia group $(17\%)$ than dystocia $(2.7\%)$, respectively (p<0.05). The rate of mortality was significantly higher when transferred into mulliparous $(22.3\%)$ than multiparous$(0\%)$, when were delivered within 270 day $(53.3\%)$ than over 270 day $(14.3\~16.1\%)$, when were dystocia $(41.7\%)$ than eutocia$(14.1\%)$ group, when were induced delivery $(44.4\%)$ than self-delivery $(18.1\%)$, when were non-midwifery $(34\%)$ than midwifery$(10.8\%)$, and when delayed midwifery $(31.6\%)$ than earlier midwifery$(11.5\%)$, respectively (p<0.05). The present study suggested that the proper treatment of parturition may be increased the viability of calves derived from in vitro.

Effect of Hydrosalpingeal Fluid on the Implantation in-vitro in a Murine Model (생쥐 배아의 체외배양 시 착상과정에 대한 난관수종액의 영향)

  • Jun, Jin-Hyun;Koong, Mi-Kyoung;Lim, Chun-Kyu;Kim, Soo-Kyung;Kang, Inn-Soo
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.159-164
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    • 2000
  • 연구목적:인간의 체외수정 및 배아이식술에서 난관수종을 갖는 환자에서 임신율과 착상률이 감소된다는 보고들이 있지만 이에 대한 명확한 기작은 밝혀지지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 생쥐 배아를 이용한 체외 착상모델에서 인간의 난관수종액(HSF)이 착상과정에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구재료 및 방법 난관수종액은 난관수종으로 수술을 받은 8명의 환자로부터 채취하였으며, 실험에 사용하기 전까지 냉동고에 보관하였다. 생쥐의 포배기 배아는 2-세포기배아를 3일 동안 배양하여 그 중 상태가 양호한 포배기 배아만을 선별하여 투명대를 제거한 후 사용하였다. 기본 배양액으로는 Ham's F-10을 사용하였으며, 배양 시 기본 배양액만을 사용한 경우를 group Ⅰ으로 하였고, 기본 배양액에 0.5% FBS를 첨가한 경우를 group Ⅱ, 0.5% FBS와 50% HSF를 첨가한 경우를 group Ⅲ , 100% HSF에 0.5% FBS를 첨가한 경우를 group Ⅳ,100% HSF만을 사용한 경우를 group Ⅴ로 하였다. 투명대를 제거한 포배기 배아를 각각의 HSF에 대한 5종류의 배양액에서 48시간 동안 배양하였다. 체외 착상 유무는 부착 부위에서 크기가 커진 영양세포들을 관찰하여 판정하였으며, 착상 부위의 표면적은 화상분석기를 이용하여 산출하였다. 결 과: 생쥐 배아의 체외 착상률은 group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ에서 각각 0%, 98.9%, 77.5%, 40.4%, 10.0%로 나타났으며, 착상 부위의 평균 표면적은 group Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅴ에서 각각 $74,675{\pm}25,201{\mu}m^2$, $59,024{\pm}25,877{\mu}m^2$, $45,156{\pm}22,654{\mu}m^2$, $38,254{\pm}17,115{\mu}m^2$이었다. 체외 착상률과 부위의 표면적은 HSF의 농도가 증가함에 따라 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.001). 결론:인간의 난관수종액(HSF)은 생쥐 배아의 체외 착상과 영양배엽세포의 증식을 억제하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 이러한 원인이 난관수종을 갖는 환자에서 임신율이 낮은 것과 밀접한 관련이 있을 것으로 생각된다.

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Correlation of Cord Serum Adiponectin and IGF-I with Fetal Growth in Healthy Term Neonates (제대혈 Adiponectin과 IGF-I이 태아성장에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Ji-Young;Cho, Su-Jin;Kim, Hae-Soon;Park, Hye-Sook;Park, Eun-Ae
    • Neonatal Medicine
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.38-43
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    • 2008
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cord serum adiponectin (APN) and IGF-I concentrations and fetal growth. Methods : Umbilical cord serum APN and IGF-I concentrations were measured in healthy term singleton deliveries (n=72). The association of cord serum APN and IGF-I concentrations was evaluated in relation to birth weight, height, head circumference, gender, ponderal index, placental weight, feto-placental (F/P) weight ratio, maternal weight gain, and maternal body mass index (BMI). Results : The mean cord serum APN was 29.2${\pm}$10.46 $\mu$g/mL. The cord serum APN and birth weight demonstrated a bell-shape relationship. The cord serum APN concentration was higher in females than males (P=0.001). The cord serum APN was negatively correlated with maternal BMI (r=-0.301, P=0.027), but the mean cord serum APN concentration was not correlated with birth height, birth head circumference, ponderal index, placental weight, F/P ratio, or maternal weight gain. The mean cord serum concentrations of IGF-I was 51.26${\pm}$21.54 ng/mL. The cord serum IGF-I concentration was positively correlated with birth weight (r=0.312, P=0.009), but not birth height, ponderal index, placental weight, F/P weight ratio, or maternal BMI. Conclusion : APN demonstrated a bell-shaped relationship with birth weight in healthy term infants. IGF-I was highly correlated with fetal growth, especially birth weight.

Effects of Body Weight Control Therapy using Herb Mixture to Pregnant Women on Postpartum Weight (한방복합제에 의한 산후체중 조절요법이 출산후 체중감소에 미치는 영향)

  • 김상만;양재혁;임재연;박정우;권석형;황보식
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.54-59
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    • 2003
  • This studies were performed to functional food consisted of herb mixture having an effect on postpartum body weight control in 105 subjects(control group n=54, experimental group n=51). Mean age of control and experimental group were 29.3 and 29.1 Mean pregravida body mass index of control and experimental group were 22.8 and 21.5. Total weight gain during the period of pregnancy of control and experimental group were 19.1kg and 17.8kg. In this studies, changes in postpartum weight was measured until one year after parturition. Until 1 month after parturition, there almost had no changes in weight all of two groups. But after 2 month, change in weight loss between two groups was shown definitely. Mean weight loss of control group and experimental group were 2.3kg and 6.5kg after 2 month, 3.7kg and 9.8kg after 3 month, 5.0kg and 10.4kg after 1 year(p<0.01).

A Study on Factors on Postpartum Obesity and Postpartum Depression in Korea (국내 산후 비만과 산후 우울증 관련 요인 연구)

  • Ku, Jung-Eun;Kim, Gyu-Ri
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.429-438
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    • 2021
  • This study aims to prevent maternal social isolation by analyzing the causes of postpartum obesity and postpartum depression and stress in Korea. Gneral characteristics of mothers as a result of the study: 91.1% (102 people) answered that they had social experience, and only 8% (9 people) answered that they had no social experience. In the question of whether to return to society, 17.9% responded that they have already returned, 54.5% did not, and 18.8% were on maternity leave. As a result of examining the level of BMI increase among mothers through chi-square test of BMI changes before and after childbirth and general characteristics, 55% experienced below-average BMI increase; 45% experienced above-average BMI increase. Those in their 30s accounted for 40.2%, and those in their 40s accounted for 57.1%. Postpartum obesity and maternal psychological status (t-test): Mothers with postpartum obesity were more hypersensitive (t = -1.997, p = 0.048) and more prone to suffer from hard breathing (t = -1.930, p = 0.056), emptiness (t = -2.673, p = 0.010), and body numbness (t = -2.315, p = 0.024) than mothers who are not suffering from not postpartum obesity. Per the results of postpartum BMI increase and maternal psychological state (t-test) analysis, mothers with an average increase in postpartum BMI were more depressed than mothers who did not. Research Results - Postpartum obesity due to pregnancy and childbirth has been identified as an important individual cause affecting mental and physical problems after childbirth. In conclusion, I also think that the government should support the management of maternal obesity and the elimination of depression through the results of this study.

"Our first baby was born" Experience in the newly-wed couples: A Qualitative Study (첫 자녀 출산 전후 부부의 관계 경험에 대한 질적 연구 - 적응 과정에 대한 탐색)

  • Choe, Seung-Mi;Gwon, Jeong-Hye
    • The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.679-704
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study was to have a phenomenological understanding of the experiences in the marital relationship after the first baby is born. For this purpose, thirteen couples (marriage duration of less than five years; within three years of the child birth) were recruited and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The interview data were analyzed through the open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. In the next step, we derived the marital relationship paradigm after the first baby arrived. The causal/situational conditions that caused changes in the marital relationship were the parenting burden and the marital adjustment level. The central phenomena were parenting and housework burden, which were moderated by the husbands' support. The action/interaction strategies were couple's high awareness and acceptance for their new role and pursuit of the shared meaning of the family. When the strategies were successful, a deeply satisfying feeling and shared values could be obtained. Finally, we identified the core category to integrate of other categories into a conceptual framework, and that is 'the awareness and acceptance for their new role and the pursuit of a sense of We-ness'.